Job Loss and Mental Health: The Role of Anticipation and Re-employment in Recovery Patterns

Olivier Bargain, Nicolas Herault () and Daniel Nettle
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Nicolas Herault: University of Bordeaux
Daniel Nettle: Institut Jean Nicod, CNRS UMR 8129, ENS-PSL, EHESS

No 18549, IZA Discussion Papers from IZA Network @ LISER

Abstract: Job loss is known to adversely affect mental health, but the time course of recovery and the role of anticipation remain unclear. Using 22 annual waves (2001-2022) of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey, we estimate fixed-effects models to examine the relationship between redundancy and mental health (SF-36), incorporating subjective probability of job loss to refine anticipation measures. The final sample consists of 14,195 individuals and 4,251 redundancy events. Three key findings emerge. First, we document a generalized decline in mental health prior to job loss that is not confined to individuals who anticipate redundancy, suggesting psychological costs of impending job loss due to factors other than anticipation. Second, we document complete recovery among those who are re-employed, revealing that psychological restoration can occur relatively quickly upon securing new employment. Third, perceived anticipation of job loss does not appear to meaningfully alter these post-redundancy recovery trajectories. These findings call for greater emphasis on employment trajectories in both research and policy aimed at understanding and mitigating the mental health impacts of job loss.

Keywords: job loss; mental health; anticipation; unemployment; panel data (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C23 D91 I12 I31 J63 J64 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026-04
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-cbe and nep-hea
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Working Paper: Job loss and mental health: The role of anticipation and re-employment in recovery patterns (2026)
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