Education and Earnings in Europe

Harry Patrinos () and Angelica Rivera-Olvera
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Angelica Rivera-Olvera: University of Arkansas

No 18859, IZA Discussion Papers from IZA Network @ LISER

Abstract: Schooling increases earnings but getting causal information on the impact of schooling requires generating evidence from policy changes. In this paper, we estimate causal effects of additional education on earnings using new compulsory schooling law data across 16 European countries. We use recent and comparable microdata and analyze the impact of reforms on schooling and earnings. Results show that a year of education substantially increases earnings, especially for those with tertiary education.

Keywords: returns to education; compulsory schooling reforms; instrumental variables; causal inference; human capital; earnings; Europe (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C26 I26 J31 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026-08
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Working Paper: Education and Earnings in Europe (2026)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18859

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