Turkish Validation of the Gender Equality in Football Attitude Scale and Examination of its Psychometric Properties

Teodora Mihaela Iconomescu, Ali Selman Özdemir, Aydın Karaçam, Esma Nur Özkan and Laurențiu Gabriel Talaghir
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Teodora Mihaela Iconomescu: Department of Sports Games and Physical Education, “Dunarea de Jos†University, Galati, Romania
Ali Selman Özdemir: Department of Recreation, İstanbul Topkapı University, Istanbul, Turkey
Aydın Karaçam: Department of Sport Management, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Balıkesir, Turkey
Esma Nur Özkan: Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Istanbul Aydın University, Istanbul, Turkey
Laurențiu Gabriel Talaghir: Department of Individual Sports and Physical Therapy, “Dunarea de Jos†University, Galati, Romania

Revista romaneasca pentru educatie multidimensionala - Journal for Multidimensional Education, 2025, vol. 17, issue 1, 324-336

Abstract: This research aimed to translate and adapt the Gender Equality in Football Attitude Scale into Turkish. In this context, the scale, developed initially by Ferro et al. (2023) as "Attitudes on Gender Equality in Football," was translated into Turkish and adapted as "Futbolda Cinsiyet Eşitliği Tutum Ölçeği." The study’s sample was selected using a convenience sampling technique. Among the participants, 44.4% (n=119) were female, and 55.6% were male, with an average age of 11.89. Additionally, 13.4% of the participants were registered athletes. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25 and AMOS software. Principal component analysis and Varimax rotation techniques were employed to evaluate the construct validity of the Turkish version of the scale. The study identified a four-factor structure with eigenvalues exceeding one. The internal consistency coefficients (Cronbach's alpha) were calculated as .76 for the first factor, .81 for the second, .73 for the third, and .70 for the fourth. The KMO value was found to be .85. The overall reliability of the scale, measured by internal consistency, was calculated as .73. Results from the CFA analysis were: χ²/df = 1.755, RMSEA = .05, CFI = .92, GFI = .91, RMR = .09, NFI = .84, and IFI = .92. These findings indicate that the Turkish version of the "Gender Equality in Football Attitude Scale" is a reliable and valid tool.

Keywords: football; gender equality; gender; women’s football; attitudes (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:lum:rev1rl:v:17:y:2025:i:1:p:324-336

DOI: 10.18662/rrem/17.1/953

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