‘Green revolution’ genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators

Jinrong Peng, Donald E. Richards, Nigel M. Hartley, George P. Murphy, Katrien M. Devos, John E. Flintham, James Beales, Leslie J. Fish, Anthony J. Worland, Fatima Pelica, Duraialagaraja Sudhakar, Paul Christou, John W. Snape, Michael D. Gale and Nicholas P. Harberd ()
Additional contact information
Nigel M. Hartley: John Innes Centre
George P. Murphy: John Innes Centre
Katrien M. Devos: John Innes Centre
John E. Flintham: John Innes Centre
James Beales: John Innes Centre
Leslie J. Fish: John Innes Centre
Anthony J. Worland: John Innes Centre
Fatima Pelica: John Innes Centre
Duraialagaraja Sudhakar: Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
Paul Christou: John Innes Centre
John W. Snape: John Innes Centre
Michael D. Gale: John Innes Centre
Nicholas P. Harberd: John Innes Centre

Nature, 1999, vol. 400, issue 6741, 256-261

Abstract: Abstract World wheat grain yields increased substantially in the 1960s and 1970s because farmers rapidly adopted the new varieties and cultivation methods of the so-called ‘green revolution’1,2,3,4. The new varieties are shorter, increase grain yield at the expense of straw biomass, and are more resistant to damage by wind and rain3,4. These wheats are short because they respond abnormally to the plant growth hormone gibberellin. This reduced response to gibberellin is conferred by mutant dwarfing alleles at one of two Reduced height-1 (Rht-B1 and Rht-D1) loci4,5. Here we show that Rht-B1/Rht-D1 and maize dwarf-8 (d8)6,7 are orthologues of the Arabidopsis Gibberellin Insensitive (GAI) gene8,9. These genes encode proteins that resemble nuclear transcription factors and contain an SH2-like10 domain, indicating that phosphotyrosine may participate in gibberellin signalling. Six different orthologous dwarfing mutant alleles encode proteins that are altered in a conserved amino-terminal gibberellin signalling domain. Transgenic rice plants containing a mutant GAI allele give reduced responses to gibberellin and are dwarfed, indicating that mutant GAI orthologues could be used to increase yield in a wide range of crop species.

Date: 1999
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DOI: 10.1038/22307

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