Signatures of granular microstructure in dense shear flows

Daniel M. Mueth, Georges F. Debregeas, Greg S. Karczmar, Peter J. Eng, Sidney R. Nagel and Heinrich M. Jaeger ()
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Daniel M. Mueth: The James Franck Institute and Department of Physics
Georges F. Debregeas: The James Franck Institute and Department of Physics
Greg S. Karczmar: Radiology Department
Peter J. Eng: University of Chicago
Sidney R. Nagel: The James Franck Institute and Department of Physics
Heinrich M. Jaeger: The James Franck Institute and Department of Physics

Nature, 2000, vol. 406, issue 6794, 385-389

Abstract: Abstract Granular materials and ordinary fluids react differently to shear stresses. Rather than deforming uniformly, materials such as dry sand or cohesionless powders develop shear bands1,2,3,4,5—narrow zones of large relative particle motion, with essentially rigid adjacent regions. Because shear bands mark areas of flow, material failure and energy dissipation, they are important in many industrial, civil engineering and geophysical processes6. They are also relevant to lubricating fluids confined to ultrathin molecular layers7. However, detailed three-dimensional information on motion within a shear band, including the degree of particle rotation and interparticle slip, is lacking. Similarly, very little is known about how the microstructure of individual grains affects movement in densely packed material5. Here we combine magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray tomography and high-speed-video particle tracking to obtain the local steady-state particle velocity, rotation and packing density for shear flow in a three-dimensional Couette geometry. We find that key characteristics of the granular microstructure determine the shape of the velocity profile.

Date: 2000
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DOI: 10.1038/35019032

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