Neanderthal behaviour, diet, and disease inferred from ancient DNA in dental calculus

Laura S. Weyrich (), Sebastian Duchene, Julien Soubrier, Luis Arriola, Bastien Llamas, James Breen, Alan G. Morris, Kurt W. Alt, David Caramelli, Veit Dresely, Milly Farrell, Andrew G. Farrer, Michael Francken, Neville Gully, Wolfgang Haak, Karen Hardy, Katerina Harvati, Petra Held, Edward C. Holmes, John Kaidonis, Carles Lalueza-Fox, Marco de la Rasilla, Antonio Rosas, Patrick Semal, Arkadiusz Soltysiak, Grant Townsend, Donatella Usai, Joachim Wahl, Daniel H. Huson, Keith Dobney and Alan Cooper ()
Additional contact information
Laura S. Weyrich: Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, University of Adelaide
Sebastian Duchene: Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney
Julien Soubrier: Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, University of Adelaide
Luis Arriola: Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, University of Adelaide
Bastien Llamas: Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, University of Adelaide
James Breen: Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, University of Adelaide
Alan G. Morris: University of Cape Town
Kurt W. Alt: Danube Private University
David Caramelli: University of Florence
Veit Dresely: State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology
Milly Farrell: Human Origins and Palaeo Environments Group, Oxford Brookes University
Andrew G. Farrer: Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, University of Adelaide
Michael Francken: Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Paleoenvironments, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen
Neville Gully: School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide
Wolfgang Haak: Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, University of Adelaide
Karen Hardy: Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA)
Katerina Harvati: Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Paleoenvironments, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen
Petra Held: Institute of Anthropology, University of Mainz
Edward C. Holmes: Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney
John Kaidonis: School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide
Carles Lalueza-Fox: Institute of Evolutionary Biology, CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Marco de la Rasilla: Área de Prehistoria, Universidad de Oviedo
Antonio Rosas: Paleoanthropology Group, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC
Patrick Semal: Scientific Service Heritage, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences
Arkadiusz Soltysiak: Institute of Archaeology, University of Warsaw
Grant Townsend: School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide
Donatella Usai: Istituto Italiano per l’Africa e l’Oriente (IsIAO)
Joachim Wahl: State Office for Cultural Heritage Management Baden-Württemberg
Daniel H. Huson: University of Tübingen
Keith Dobney: Classics and Egyptology, School of Histories, Languages and Cultures, University of Liverpool
Alan Cooper: Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, University of Adelaide

Nature, 2017, vol. 544, issue 7650, 357-361

Abstract: Analysis of calcified dental plaque (calculus) specimens from Neanderthals shows marked regional differences in diet and microbiota and evidence of self-medication in one individual, and identifies prevalent microorganisms and their divergence between Neanderthals and modern humans.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/nature21674

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