A saturated map of common genetic variants associated with human height

Loïc Yengo (), Sailaja Vedantam, Eirini Marouli, Julia Sidorenko, Eric Bartell, Saori Sakaue, Marielisa Graff, Anders U. Eliasen, Yunxuan Jiang, Sridharan Raghavan, Jenkai Miao, Joshua D. Arias, Sarah E. Graham, Ronen E. Mukamel, Cassandra N. Spracklen, Xianyong Yin, Shyh-Huei Chen, Teresa Ferreira, Heather H. Highland, Yingjie Ji, Tugce Karaderi, Kuang Lin, Kreete Lüll, Deborah E. Malden, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Moara Machado, Amy Moore, Sina Rüeger, Xueling Sim, Scott Vrieze, Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia, Masato Akiyama, Matthew A. Allison, Marcus Alvarez, Mette K. Andersen, Alireza Ani, Vivek Appadurai, Liubov Arbeeva, Seema Bhaskar, Lawrence F. Bielak, Sailalitha Bollepalli, Lori L. Bonnycastle, Jette Bork-Jensen, Jonathan P. Bradfield, Yuki Bradford, Peter S. Braund, Jennifer A. Brody, Kristoffer S. Burgdorf, Brian E. Cade, Hui Cai, Qiuyin Cai, Archie Campbell, Marisa Cañadas-Garre, Eulalia Catamo, Jin-Fang Chai, Xiaoran Chai, Li-Ching Chang, Yi-Cheng Chang, Chien-Hsiun Chen, Alessandra Chesi, Seung Hoan Choi, Ren-Hua Chung, Massimiliano Cocca, Maria Pina Concas, Christian Couture, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Rebecca Danning, E. Warwick Daw, Frauke Degenhard, Graciela E. Delgado, Alessandro Delitala, Ayse Demirkan, Xuan Deng, Poornima Devineni, Alexander Dietl, Maria Dimitriou, Latchezar Dimitrov, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Arif B. Ekici, Jorgen E. Engmann, Zammy Fairhurst-Hunter, Aliki-Eleni Farmaki, Jessica D. Faul, Juan-Carlos Fernandez-Lopez, Lukas Forer, Margherita Francescatto, Sandra Freitag-Wolf, Christian Fuchsberger, Tessel E. Galesloot, Yan Gao, Zishan Gao, Frank Geller, Olga Giannakopoulou, Franco Giulianini, Anette P. Gjesing, Anuj Goel, Scott D. Gordon, Mathias Gorski, Jakob Grove, Xiuqing Guo, Stefan Gustafsson, Jeffrey Haessler, Thomas F. Hansen, Aki S. Havulinna, Simon J. Haworth, Jing He, Nancy Heard-Costa, Prashantha Hebbar, George Hindy, Yuk-Lam A. Ho, Edith Hofer, Elizabeth Holliday, Katrin Horn, Whitney E. Hornsby, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Hongyan Huang, Jie Huang, Alicia Huerta-Chagoya, Jennifer E. Huffman, Yi-Jen Hung, Shaofeng Huo, Mi Yeong Hwang, Hiroyuki Iha, Daisuke D. Ikeda, Masato Isono, Anne U. Jackson, Susanne Jäger, Iris E. Jansen, Ingegerd Johansson, Jost B. Jonas, Anna Jonsson, Torben Jørgensen, Ioanna-Panagiota Kalafati, Masahiro Kanai, Stavroula Kanoni, Line L. Kårhus, Anuradhani Kasturiratne, Tomohiro Katsuya, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Rachel L. Kember, Katherine A. Kentistou, Han-Na Kim, Young Jin Kim, Marcus E. Kleber, Maria J. Knol, Azra Kurbasic, Marie Lauzon, Phuong Le, Rodney Lea, Jong-Young Lee, Hampton L. Leonard, Shengchao A. Li, Xiaohui Li, Xiaoyin Li, Jingjing Liang, Honghuang Lin, Shih-Yi Lin, Jun Liu, Xueping Liu, Ken Sin Lo, Jirong Long, Laura Lores-Motta, Jian’an Luan, Valeriya Lyssenko, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Anubha Mahajan, Vasiliki Mamakou, Massimo Mangino, Ani Manichaikul, Jonathan Marten, Manuel Mattheisen, Laven Mavarani, Aaron F. McDaid, Karina Meidtner, Tori L. Melendez, Josep M. Mercader, Yuri Milaneschi, Jason E. Miller, Iona Y. Millwood, Pashupati P. Mishra, Ruth E. Mitchell, Line T. Møllehave, Anna Morgan, Soeren Mucha, Matthias Munz, Masahiro Nakatochi, Christopher P. Nelson, Maria Nethander, Chu Won Nho, Aneta A. Nielsen, Ilja M. Nolte, Suraj S. Nongmaithem, Raymond Noordam, Ioanna Ntalla, Teresa Nutile, Anita Pandit, Paraskevi Christofidou, Katri Pärna, Marc Pauper, Eva R. B. Petersen, Liselotte V. Petersen, Niina Pitkänen, Ozren Polašek, Alaitz Poveda, Michael H. Preuss, Saiju Pyarajan, Laura M. Raffield, Hiromi Rakugi, Julia Ramirez, Asif Rasheed, Dennis Raven, Nigel W. Rayner, Carlos Riveros, Rebecca Rohde, Daniela Ruggiero, Sanni E. Ruotsalainen, Kathleen A. Ryan, Maria Sabater-Lleal, Richa Saxena, Markus Scholz, Anoop Sendamarai, Botong Shen, Jingchunzi Shi, Jae Hun Shin, Carlo Sidore, Colleen M. Sitlani, Roderick C. Slieker, Roelof A. J. Smit, Albert V. Smith, Jennifer A. Smith, Laura J. Smyth, Lorraine Southam, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Liang Sun, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Divya Sri Priyanka Tallapragada, Kent D. Taylor, Bamidele O. Tayo, Catherine Tcheandjieu, Natalie Terzikhan, Paola Tesolin, Alexander Teumer, Elizabeth Theusch, Deborah J. Thompson, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Paul R. H. J. Timmers, Stella Trompet, Constance Turman, Simona Vaccargiu, Sander W. Laan, Peter J. Most, Jan B. Klinken, Jessica Setten, Shefali S. Verma, Niek Verweij, Yogasudha Veturi, Carol A. Wang, Chaolong Wang, Lihua Wang, Zhe Wang, Helen R. Warren, Wen Wei, Ananda R. Wickremasinghe, Matthias Wielscher, Kerri L. Wiggins, Bendik S. Winsvold, Andrew Wong, Yang Wu, Matthias Wuttke, Rui Xia, Tian Xie, Ken Yamamoto, Jingyun Yang, Jie Yao, Hannah Young, Noha A. Yousri, Lei Yu, Lingyao Zeng, Weihua Zhang, Xinyuan Zhang, Jing-Hua Zhao, Wei Zhao, Wei Zhou, Martina E. Zimmermann, Magdalena Zoledziewska, Linda S. Adair, Hieab H. H. Adams, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Fahd Al-Mulla, Donna K. Arnett, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Bjørn Olav Åsvold, John Attia, Bernhard Banas, Stefania Bandinelli, David A. Bennett, Tobias Bergler, Dwaipayan Bharadwaj, Ginevra Biino, Hans Bisgaard, Eric Boerwinkle, Carsten A. Böger, Klaus Bønnelykke, Dorret I. Boomsma, Anders D. Børglum, Judith B. Borja, Claude Bouchard, Donald W. Bowden, Ivan Brandslund, Ben Brumpton, Julie E. Buring, Mark J. Caulfield, John C. Chambers, Giriraj R. Chandak, Stephen J. Chanock, Nish Chaturvedi, Yii- Der Ida Chen, Zhengming Chen, Ching-Yu Cheng, Ingrid E. Christophersen, Marina Ciullo, John W. Cole, Francis S. Collins, Richard S. Cooper, Miguel Cruz, Francesco Cucca, L. Adrienne Cupples, Michael J. Cutler, Scott M. Damrauer, Thomas M. Dantoft, Gert J. Borst, Lisette C. P. G. M. Groot, Philip L. Jager, Dominique P. V. Kleijn, H. Janaka de Silva, George V. Dedoussis, Anneke I. Hollander, Shufa Du, Douglas F. Easton, Petra J. M. Elders, A. Heather Eliassen, Patrick T. Ellinor, Sölve Elmståhl, Jeanette Erdmann, Michele K. Evans, Diane Fatkin, Bjarke Feenstra, Mary F. Feitosa, Luigi Ferrucci, Ian Ford, Myriam Fornage, Andre Franke, Paul W. Franks, Barry I. Freedman, Paolo Gasparini, Christian Gieger, Giorgia Girotto, Michael E. Goddard, Yvonne M. Golightly, Clicerio Gonzalez-Villalpando, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Harald Grallert, Struan F. A. Grant, Niels Grarup, Lyn Griffiths, Vilmundur Gudnason, Christopher Haiman, Hakon Hakonarson, Torben Hansen, Catharina A. Hartman, Andrew T. Hattersley, Caroline Hayward, Susan R. Heckbert, Chew-Kiat Heng, Christian Hengstenberg, Alex W. Hewitt, Haretsugu Hishigaki, Carel B. Hoyng, Paul L. Huang, Wei Huang, Steven C. Hunt, Kristian Hveem, Elina Hyppönen, William G. Iacono, Sahoko Ichihara, M. Arfan Ikram, Carmen R. Isasi, Rebecca D. Jackson, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Zi-Bing Jin, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Peter K. Joshi, Pekka Jousilahti, J. Wouter Jukema, Mika Kähönen, Yoichiro Kamatani, Kui Dong Kang, Jaakko Kaprio, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Fredrik Karpe, Norihiro Kato, Frank Kee, Thorsten Kessler, Amit V. Khera, Chiea Chuen Khor, Lambertus A. L. M. Kiemeney, Bong-Jo Kim, Eung Kweon Kim, Hyung-Lae Kim, Paulus Kirchhof, Mika Kivimaki, Woon-Puay Koh, Heikki A. Koistinen, Genovefa D. Kolovou, Jaspal S. Kooner, Charles Kooperberg, Anna Köttgen, Peter Kovacs, Adriaan Kraaijeveld, Peter Kraft, Ronald M. Krauss, Meena Kumari, Zoltan Kutalik, Markku Laakso, Leslie A. Lange, Claudia Langenberg, Lenore J. Launer, Loic Marchand, Hyejin Lee, Nanette R. Lee, Terho Lehtimäki, Huaixing Li, Liming Li, Wolfgang Lieb, Xu Lin, Lars Lind, Allan Linneberg, Ching-Ti Liu, Jianjun Liu, Markus Loeffler, Barry London, Steven A. Lubitz, Stephen J. Lye, David A. Mackey, Reedik Mägi, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Gregory M. Marcus, Pedro Marques Vidal, Nicholas G. Martin, Winfried März, Fumihiko Matsuda, Robert W. McGarrah, Matt McGue, Amy Jayne McKnight, Sarah E. Medland, Dan Mellström, Andres Metspalu, Braxton D. Mitchell, Paul Mitchell, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Andrew D. Morris, Lorelei A. Mucci, Patricia B. Munroe, Mike A. Nalls, Saman Nazarian, Amanda E. Nelson, Matt J. Neville, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Christopher S. Nielsen, Markus M. Nöthen, Claes Ohlsson, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Lorena Orozco, Katja Pahkala, Päivi Pajukanta, Colin N. A. Palmer, Esteban J. Parra, Cristian Pattaro, Oluf Pedersen, Craig E. Pennell, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Louis Perusse, Annette Peters, Patricia A. Peyser, David J. Porteous, Danielle Posthuma, Chris Power, Peter P. Pramstaller, Michael A. Province, Qibin Qi, Jia Qu, Daniel J. Rader, Olli T. Raitakari, Sarju Ralhan, Loukianos S. Rallidis, Dabeeru C. Rao, Susan Redline, Dermot F. Reilly, Alexander P. Reiner, Sang Youl Rhee, Paul M. Ridker, Michiel Rienstra, Samuli Ripatti, Marylyn D. Ritchie, Dan M. Roden, Frits R. Rosendaal, Jerome I. Rotter, Igor Rudan, Femke Rutters, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Danish Saleheen, Veikko Salomaa, Nilesh J. Samani, Dharambir K. Sanghera, Naveed Sattar, Börge Schmidt, Helena Schmidt, Reinhold Schmidt, Matthias B. Schulze, Heribert Schunkert, Laura J. Scott, Rodney J. Scott, Peter Sever, Eric J. Shiroma, M. Benjamin Shoemaker, Xiao-Ou Shu, Eleanor M. Simonsick, Mario Sims, Jai Rup Singh, Andrew B. Singleton, Moritz F. Sinner, J. Gustav Smith, Harold Snieder, Tim D. Spector, Meir J. Stampfer, Klaus J. Stark, David P. Strachan, Leen M. ‘t Hart, Yasuharu Tabara, Hua Tang, Jean-Claude Tardif, Thangavel A. Thanaraj, Nicholas J. Timpson, Anke Tönjes, Angelo Tremblay, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Maria-Teresa Tusié-Luna, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Rob M. Dam, Pim Harst, Nathalie Velde, Cornelia M. Duijn, Natasja M. Schoor, Veronique Vitart, Uwe Völker, Peter Vollenweider, Henry Völzke, Niels H. Wacher-Rodarte, Mark Walker, Ya Xing Wang, Nicholas J. Wareham, Richard M. Watanabe, Hugh Watkins, David R. Weir, Thomas M. Werge, Elisabeth Widen, Lynne R. Wilkens, Gonneke Willemsen, Walter C. Willett, James F. Wilson, Tien-Yin Wong, Jeong-Taek Woo, Alan F. Wright, Jer-Yuarn Wu, Huichun Xu, Chittaranjan S. Yajnik, Mitsuhiro Yokota, Jian-Min Yuan, Eleftheria Zeggini, Babette S. Zemel, Wei Zheng, Xiaofeng Zhu, Joseph M. Zmuda, Alan B. Zonderman, John-Anker Zwart, Daniel I. Chasman, Yoon Shin Cho, Iris M. Heid, Mark I. McCarthy, Maggie C. Y. Ng, Christopher J. O’Donnell, Fernando Rivadeneira, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Yan V. Sun, E. Shyong Tai, Michael Boehnke, Panos Deloukas, Anne E. Justice, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Ruth J. F. Loos, Karen L. Mohlke, Kari E. North, Kari Stefansson, Robin G. Walters, Thomas W. Winkler, Kristin L. Young, Po-Ru Loh, Jian Yang, Tõnu Esko, Themistocles L. Assimes, Adam Auton, Goncalo R. Abecasis, Cristen J. Willer, Adam E. Locke, Sonja I. Berndt, Guillaume Lettre, Timothy M. Frayling, Yukinori Okada (), Andrew R. Wood (), Peter M. Visscher () and Joel N. Hirschhorn ()
Additional contact information
Loïc Yengo: The University of Queensland
Sailaja Vedantam: Boston Children’s Hospital
Eirini Marouli: Queen Mary University of London
Julia Sidorenko: The University of Queensland
Eric Bartell: Boston Children’s Hospital
Saori Sakaue: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Marielisa Graff: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Anders U. Eliasen: University of Copenhagen
Yunxuan Jiang: 23andMe
Sridharan Raghavan: Eastern Colorado Healthcare System
Jenkai Miao: Boston Children’s Hospital
Joshua D. Arias: National Cancer Institute
Sarah E. Graham: University of Michigan
Ronen E. Mukamel: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Cassandra N. Spracklen: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Xianyong Yin: University of Michigan School of Public Health
Shyh-Huei Chen: Wake Forest School of Medicine
Teresa Ferreira: University of Oxford
Heather H. Highland: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Yingjie Ji: University of Exeter
Tugce Karaderi: University of Copenhagen
Kuang Lin: University of Oxford
Kreete Lüll: University of Tartu
Deborah E. Malden: University of Oxford
Carolina Medina-Gomez: University Medical Center Rotterdam
Moara Machado: National Cancer Institute
Amy Moore: RTI International
Sina Rüeger: University of Lausanne
Xueling Sim: National University of Singapore and National University Health System
Scott Vrieze: University of Minnesota
Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia: Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen
Masato Akiyama: Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences
Matthew A. Allison: University of California, San Diego
Marcus Alvarez: David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
Mette K. Andersen: University of Copenhagen
Alireza Ani: University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen
Vivek Appadurai: Copenhagen University Hospital
Liubov Arbeeva: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Seema Bhaskar: CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
Lawrence F. Bielak: University of Michigan School of Public Health
Sailalitha Bollepalli: University of Helsinki
Lori L. Bonnycastle: National Institutes of Health
Jette Bork-Jensen: University of Copenhagen
Jonathan P. Bradfield: Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Yuki Bradford: University of Pennsylvania
Peter S. Braund: University of Leicester
Jennifer A. Brody: University of Washington
Kristoffer S. Burgdorf: Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet
Brian E. Cade: Harvard Medical School
Hui Cai: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Qiuyin Cai: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Archie Campbell: University of Edinburgh
Marisa Cañadas-Garre: Queen’s University of Belfast
Eulalia Catamo: Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo
Jin-Fang Chai: National University of Singapore and National University Health System
Xiaoran Chai: Singapore National Eye Centre
Li-Ching Chang: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica
Yi-Cheng Chang: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica
Chien-Hsiun Chen: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica
Alessandra Chesi: University of Pennsylvania
Seung Hoan Choi: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Ren-Hua Chung: National Health Research Institutes
Massimiliano Cocca: Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo
Maria Pina Concas: Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo
Christian Couture: Université Laval
Gabriel Cuellar-Partida: 23andMe
Rebecca Danning: Brigham and Women’s Hospital
E. Warwick Daw: Washington University School of Medicine
Frauke Degenhard: Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel
Graciela E. Delgado: Heidelberg University
Alessandro Delitala: Università degli Studi di Sassari
Ayse Demirkan: University Medical Center Rotterdam
Xuan Deng: Boston University School of Public Health
Poornima Devineni: VA Boston Healthcare System
Alexander Dietl: University of Regensburg
Maria Dimitriou: Harokopio University of Athens
Latchezar Dimitrov: Medical Center Boulevard
Rajkumar Dorajoo: Agency for Science, Technology and Research
Arif B. Ekici: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Jorgen E. Engmann: University College London
Zammy Fairhurst-Hunter: University of Oxford
Aliki-Eleni Farmaki: Harokopio University of Athens
Jessica D. Faul: University of Michigan
Juan-Carlos Fernandez-Lopez: National Institute of Genomic Medicine
Lukas Forer: Medical University of Innsbruck
Margherita Francescatto: University of Trieste
Sandra Freitag-Wolf: Kiel University
Christian Fuchsberger: Institute for Biomedicine, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck
Tessel E. Galesloot: Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence
Yan Gao: University of Mississippi
Zishan Gao: Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
Frank Geller: Statens Serum Institut
Olga Giannakopoulou: Queen Mary University of London
Franco Giulianini: Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Anette P. Gjesing: University of Copenhagen
Anuj Goel: University of Oxford
Scott D. Gordon: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Mathias Gorski: University of Regensburg
Jakob Grove: Aarhus University
Xiuqing Guo: The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center
Stefan Gustafsson: Uppsala University
Jeffrey Haessler: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Thomas F. Hansen: Copenhagen University Hospital
Aki S. Havulinna: University of Helsinki
Simon J. Haworth: University of Bristol
Jing He: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nancy Heard-Costa: Boston University School of Medicine
Prashantha Hebbar: Dasman Diabetes Institute
George Hindy: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Yuk-Lam A. Ho: Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System
Edith Hofer: Medical University of Graz
Elizabeth Holliday: University of Newcastle
Katrin Horn: University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty
Whitney E. Hornsby: University of Michigan
Jouke-Jan Hottenga: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Hongyan Huang: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Jie Huang: Southern University of Science and Technology
Alicia Huerta-Chagoya: Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT
Jennifer E. Huffman: Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System
Yi-Jen Hung: Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch
Shaofeng Huo: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Mi Yeong Hwang: National Institute of Health
Hiroyuki Iha: Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co.
Daisuke D. Ikeda: Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co.
Masato Isono: Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
Anne U. Jackson: University of Michigan School of Public Health
Susanne Jäger: German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke
Iris E. Jansen: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Ingegerd Johansson: Umeå University
Jost B. Jonas: Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel
Anna Jonsson: University of Copenhagen
Torben Jørgensen: Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg
Ioanna-Panagiota Kalafati: Harokopio University of Athens
Masahiro Kanai: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Stavroula Kanoni: Queen Mary University of London
Line L. Kårhus: Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg
Anuradhani Kasturiratne: University of Kelaniya
Tomohiro Katsuya: Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
Takahisa Kawaguchi: Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
Rachel L. Kember: University of Pennsylvania
Katherine A. Kentistou: University of Edinburgh
Han-Na Kim: Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine
Young Jin Kim: National Institute of Health
Marcus E. Kleber: Heidelberg University
Maria J. Knol: University Medical Center Rotterdam
Azra Kurbasic: Lund University
Marie Lauzon: The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center
Phuong Le: University of Toronto
Rodney Lea: Queensland University of Technology
Jong-Young Lee: Oneomics, Soonchunhyang Mirai Medical Center
Hampton L. Leonard: Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
Shengchao A. Li: National Cancer Institute
Xiaohui Li: The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center
Xiaoyin Li: Case Western Reserve University
Jingjing Liang: Case Western Reserve University
Honghuang Lin: University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School
Shih-Yi Lin: Taichung Veterans General Hospital
Jun Liu: University of Oxford
Xueping Liu: Statens Serum Institut
Ken Sin Lo: Montreal Heart Institute
Jirong Long: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Laura Lores-Motta: Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center
Jian’an Luan: University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine
Valeriya Lyssenko: University of Bergen
Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen: Fimlab Laboratories
Anubha Mahajan: University of Oxford
Vasiliki Mamakou: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Dromokaiteio Psychiatric Hospital
Massimo Mangino: King’s College London
Ani Manichaikul: University of Virginia School of Medicine
Jonathan Marten: University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital
Manuel Mattheisen: Aarhus University
Laven Mavarani: University Hospital Essen
Aaron F. McDaid: University of Lausanne
Karina Meidtner: German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke
Tori L. Melendez: University of Michigan
Josep M. Mercader: Harvard Medical School
Yuri Milaneschi: Amsterdam UMC and Vrije Universiteit
Jason E. Miller: Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Geisinger
Iona Y. Millwood: University of Oxford
Pashupati P. Mishra: Fimlab Laboratories
Ruth E. Mitchell: University of Bristol
Line T. Møllehave: Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg
Anna Morgan: Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo
Soeren Mucha: University of Lübeck, DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel and University Heart Center Lübeck
Matthias Munz: University of Lübeck, DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel and University Heart Center Lübeck
Masahiro Nakatochi: Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
Christopher P. Nelson: University of Leicester
Maria Nethander: University of Gothenburg
Chu Won Nho: Gangneung Institute of Natural Products
Aneta A. Nielsen: Lillebaelt Hospital
Ilja M. Nolte: University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen
Suraj S. Nongmaithem: CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
Raymond Noordam: Leiden University Medical Center
Ioanna Ntalla: Queen Mary University of London
Teresa Nutile: Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso, CNR
Anita Pandit: University of Michigan School of Public Health
Paraskevi Christofidou: King’s College London
Katri Pärna: University of Tartu
Marc Pauper: Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center
Eva R. B. Petersen: Hospital of Southern Jutland
Liselotte V. Petersen: The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
Niina Pitkänen: University of Turku and Turku University Hospital
Ozren Polašek: Medical School, University of Split
Alaitz Poveda: Lund University
Michael H. Preuss: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Saiju Pyarajan: Harvard Medical School
Laura M. Raffield: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Hiromi Rakugi: Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
Julia Ramirez: Queen Mary University of London
Asif Rasheed: Center for Non-Communicable Diseases
Dennis Raven: University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen
Nigel W. Rayner: University of Oxford
Carlos Riveros: Hunter Medical Research Institute
Rebecca Rohde: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Daniela Ruggiero: Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso, CNR
Sanni E. Ruotsalainen: University of Helsinki
Kathleen A. Ryan: University of Maryland School of Medicine
Maria Sabater-Lleal: Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau)
Richa Saxena: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Markus Scholz: University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty
Anoop Sendamarai: VA Boston Healthcare System
Botong Shen: National Institutes of Health
Jingchunzi Shi: 23andMe
Jae Hun Shin: Hallym University
Carlo Sidore: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Colleen M. Sitlani: University of Washington
Roderick C. Slieker: Leiden University Medical Center
Roelof A. J. Smit: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Albert V. Smith: University of Michigan School of Public Health
Jennifer A. Smith: University of Michigan School of Public Health
Laura J. Smyth: Queen’s University of Belfast
Lorraine Southam: Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health
Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir: deCODE Genetics/Amgen
Liang Sun: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Fumihiko Takeuchi: Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
Divya Sri Priyanka Tallapragada: CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
Kent D. Taylor: The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center
Bamidele O. Tayo: Loyola University Chicago
Catherine Tcheandjieu: VA Palo Alto Health Care System
Natalie Terzikhan: University Medical Center Rotterdam
Paola Tesolin: University of Trieste
Alexander Teumer: University Medicine Greifswald
Elizabeth Theusch: University of California, San Francisco
Deborah J. Thompson: University of Cambridge
Gudmar Thorleifsson: deCODE Genetics/Amgen
Paul R. H. J. Timmers: University of Edinburgh
Stella Trompet: Leiden University Medical Center
Constance Turman: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Simona Vaccargiu: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Sander W. Laan: University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University
Peter J. Most: University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen
Jan B. Klinken: Leiden University Medical Center
Jessica Setten: University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University
Shefali S. Verma: University of Pennsylvania
Niek Verweij: University Medical Center Groningen
Yogasudha Veturi: University of Pennsylvania
Carol A. Wang: Hunter Medical Research Institute
Chaolong Wang: Agency for Science, Technology and Research
Lihua Wang: Washington University School of Medicine
Zhe Wang: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Helen R. Warren: Queen Mary University of London
Wen Wei: Capital Medical University
Ananda R. Wickremasinghe: University of Kelaniya
Matthias Wielscher: Imperial College London
Kerri L. Wiggins: University of Washington
Bendik S. Winsvold: Oslo University Hospital
Andrew Wong: University College London
Yang Wu: The University of Queensland
Matthias Wuttke: University of Freiburg
Rui Xia: University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
Tian Xie: University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen
Ken Yamamoto: Kurume University School of Medicine
Jingyun Yang: Rush University Medical Center
Jie Yao: The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center
Hannah Young: University of Minnesota
Noha A. Yousri: Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar
Lei Yu: Rush University Medical Center
Lingyao Zeng: Technical University Munich
Weihua Zhang: London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust
Xinyuan Zhang: University of Pennsylvania
Jing-Hua Zhao: University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory
Wei Zhao: University of Michigan School of Public Health
Wei Zhou: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Martina E. Zimmermann: University of Regensburg
Magdalena Zoledziewska: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Linda S. Adair: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Hieab H. H. Adams: Erasmus MC
Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas: Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion
Fahd Al-Mulla: Dasman Diabetes Institute
Donna K. Arnett: University of Kentucky
Folkert W. Asselbergs: University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University
Bjørn Olav Åsvold: Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU
John Attia: University of Newcastle
Bernhard Banas: University Hospital Regensburg
Stefania Bandinelli: Geriatric Unit, Azienda Toscana Centro
David A. Bennett: Rush University Medical Center
Tobias Bergler: University Hospital Regensburg
Dwaipayan Bharadwaj: Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU)
Ginevra Biino: National Research Council of Italy
Hans Bisgaard: University of Copenhagen
Eric Boerwinkle: University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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Julie E. Buring: Harvard Medical School
Mark J. Caulfield: Queen Mary University of London
John C. Chambers: London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust
Giriraj R. Chandak: CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
Stephen J. Chanock: National Cancer Institute
Nish Chaturvedi: University College London
Yii- Der Ida Chen: The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center
Zhengming Chen: University of Oxford
Ching-Yu Cheng: Singapore National Eye Centre
Ingrid E. Christophersen: Oslo University Hospital
Marina Ciullo: Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso, CNR
John W. Cole: University of Maryland School of Medicine
Francis S. Collins: National Institutes of Health
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Miguel Cruz: Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
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L. Adrienne Cupples: Boston University School of Public Health
Michael J. Cutler: Intermountain Medical Center
Scott M. Damrauer: University of Pennsylvania
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Gert J. Borst: University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht
Lisette C. P. G. M. Groot: Wageningen University
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H. Janaka de Silva: University of Kelaniya
George V. Dedoussis: Harokopio University of Athens
Anneke I. Hollander: Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center
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Sölve Elmståhl: Lund University
Jeanette Erdmann: University of Lübeck, DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel and University Heart Center Lübeck
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Harald Grallert: Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health
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Lyn Griffiths: Queensland University of Technology
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Wei Huang: Chinese National Human Genome Center and Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute
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Elina Hyppönen: University of South Australia
William G. Iacono: University of Minnesota
Sahoko Ichihara: Jichi Medical University School of Medicine
M. Arfan Ikram: University Medical Center Rotterdam
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Rebecca D. Jackson: Ohio State University
Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin: Imperial College London
Zi-Bing Jin: Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory
Karl-Heinz Jöckel: University Hospital Essen
Peter K. Joshi: University of Edinburgh
Pekka Jousilahti: Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
J. Wouter Jukema: Leiden University Medical Center
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Yoichiro Kamatani: Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences
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Heikki A. Koistinen: Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
Genovefa D. Kolovou: Metropolitan Hospital
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Meena Kumari: University of Essex
Zoltan Kutalik: University of Lausanne
Markku Laakso: University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital
Leslie A. Lange: University of Colorado at Denver
Claudia Langenberg: University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine
Lenore J. Launer: National Institutes of Health
Loic Marchand: Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center
Hyejin Lee: Ewha Womans University School of Medicine
Nanette R. Lee: University of San Carlos
Terho Lehtimäki: Fimlab Laboratories
Huaixing Li: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Liming Li: Peking University Health Science Center
Wolfgang Lieb: Kiel University
Xu Lin: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lars Lind: Uppsala University
Allan Linneberg: Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg
Ching-Ti Liu: Boston University School of Public Health
Jianjun Liu: Agency for Science, Technology and Research
Markus Loeffler: University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty
Barry London: University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
Steven A. Lubitz: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Stephen J. Lye: Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System
David A. Mackey: University of Tasmania
Reedik Mägi: University of Tartu
Patrik K. E. Magnusson: Karolinska Institutet
Gregory M. Marcus: University of California, San Francisco
Pedro Marques Vidal: Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital
Nicholas G. Martin: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Winfried März: Heidelberg University
Fumihiko Matsuda: Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
Robert W. McGarrah: Duke University School of Medicine
Matt McGue: University of Minnesota
Amy Jayne McKnight: Queen’s University of Belfast
Sarah E. Medland: Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Dan Mellström: University of Gothenburg
Andres Metspalu: University of Tartu
Braxton D. Mitchell: University of Maryland School of Medicine
Paul Mitchell: University of Sydney
Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori: Leiden University Medical Center
Andrew D. Morris: Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh
Lorelei A. Mucci: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Patricia B. Munroe: Queen Mary University of London
Mike A. Nalls: Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
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Yukinori Okada: Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences
Andrew R. Wood: University of Exeter
Peter M. Visscher: The University of Queensland
Joel N. Hirschhorn: Boston Children’s Hospital

Nature, 2022, vol. 610, issue 7933, 704-712

Abstract: Abstract Common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are predicted to collectively explain 40–50% of phenotypic variation in human height, but identifying the specific variants and associated regions requires huge sample sizes1. Here, using data from a genome-wide association study of 5.4 million individuals of diverse ancestries, we show that 12,111 independent SNPs that are significantly associated with height account for nearly all of the common SNP-based heritability. These SNPs are clustered within 7,209 non-overlapping genomic segments with a mean size of around 90 kb, covering about 21% of the genome. The density of independent associations varies across the genome and the regions of increased density are enriched for biologically relevant genes. In out-of-sample estimation and prediction, the 12,111 SNPs (or all SNPs in the HapMap 3 panel2) account for 40% (45%) of phenotypic variance in populations of European ancestry but only around 10–20% (14–24%) in populations of other ancestries. Effect sizes, associated regions and gene prioritization are similar across ancestries, indicating that reduced prediction accuracy is likely to be explained by linkage disequilibrium and differences in allele frequency within associated regions. Finally, we show that the relevant biological pathways are detectable with smaller sample sizes than are needed to implicate causal genes and variants. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive map of specific genomic regions that contain the vast majority of common height-associated variants. Although this map is saturated for populations of European ancestry, further research is needed to achieve equivalent saturation in other ancestries.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05275-y

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