A Nd@C82–polymer interface for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Yuexin Lin, Zhichao Lin, Shili Lv, Yuan Shui, Wenjing Zhu, Zuhong Zhang, Wenhan Yang, Jinbo Zhao, Hao Gu, Junmin Xia, Danning Wang, Fenqi Du, Annan Zhu, Jin Liu, Hairui Cai, Bin Wang, Nan Zhang, Haibin Wang, Xiaolong Liu, Tao Liu, Chuncai Kong, Di Zhou, Shi Chen, Zhimao Yang, Tao Li, Wei Ma, Guojia Fang, Luis Echegoyen, Guichuan Xing (), Shengchun Yang (), Tao Yang (), Wenting Cai (), Meng Li (), Wei Huang and Chao Liang ()
Additional contact information
Yuexin Lin: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Zhichao Lin: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Shili Lv: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Yuan Shui: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Wenjing Zhu: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Zuhong Zhang: Henan University
Wenhan Yang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Jinbo Zhao: Henan University
Hao Gu: Avenida da Universidade
Junmin Xia: Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Danning Wang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Fenqi Du: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Annan Zhu: Avenida da Universidade
Jin Liu: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Hairui Cai: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Bin Wang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Nan Zhang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Haibin Wang: Henan Academy of Sciences
Xiaolong Liu: Shandong University
Tao Liu: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Chuncai Kong: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Di Zhou: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Shi Chen: Avenida da Universidade
Zhimao Yang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Tao Li: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Wei Ma: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Guojia Fang: Wuhan University
Luis Echegoyen: The University of Texas at El Paso
Guichuan Xing: Avenida da Universidade
Shengchun Yang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Tao Yang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Wenting Cai: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Meng Li: Henan University
Wei Huang: Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU)
Chao Liang: Xi’an Jiaotong University

Nature, 2025, vol. 642, issue 8066, 78-84

Abstract: Abstract An important challenge in the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is the simultaneous attainment of high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and high stability. Using polymer interfaces in PSCs can enhance durability by blocking water and oxygen and by suppressing ion interdiffusion, but their electronic shielding poses a challenge for efficient and stable PSCs1–3. Here we report a magnetic endohedral metallofullerene Nd@C82–polymer coupling layer, which features ultrafast electron extraction and in situ encapsulation, thereby promoting homogeneous electron extraction and suppressing ion interdiffusion. The Nd@C82–polymer coupling layer in PSCs exhibited a PCE of 26.78% (certified 26.29%) and 23.08% with an aperture area of 0.08 cm2 and 16 cm2 (modules), respectively. The unencapsulated devices retained about 82% of the initial PCE after 2,500 h of continuous 1-sun maximum power point operation at 65 °C.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-08961-9

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