The Prospects for Sustained Growth in Africa: Benchmarking the Constraints

Simon Johnson, Jonathan Ostry and Arvind Subramanian

No 13120, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: A dozen countries had weak institutions in 1960 and yet sustained high rates of growth subsequently. We use data on their characteristics early in the growth process to create benchmarks with which to evaluate potential constraints on sustained growth for sub-Saharan Africa. This analysis suggests that what are usually regarded as first-order problems -- broad institutions, macroeconomic stability, trade openness, education, and inequality -- may not nowbe binding constraints in Africa, although the extent of ill-health, internal conflict, and societal fractionalization do stand out as problems in contemporary Africa. A key question is to what extent Africa can rely on manufactured exports as a mode of "escape from underdevelopment," a strategy successfully deployed by almost all the benchmark countries. The benchmarking comparison specifically raises two key concerns as far as a development strategy based on expanding exports of manufactures is concerned: micro-level institutions that affect the costs of exporting, and the level of the real exchange rate -- especially the need to avoid overvaluation.

JEL-codes: O10 O11 O43 O55 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2007-05
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-afr and nep-dev
Note: CF IFM POL
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (109)

Published as Simon Johnson & Jonathan D Ostry & Arvind Subramanian, 2010. "Prospects for Sustained Growth in Africa: Benchmarking the Constraints," IMF Staff Papers, vol 57(1), pages 119-171.

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Journal Article: Prospects for Sustained Growth in Africa: Benchmarking the Constraints (2010)
Working Paper: The Prospects for Sustained Growth in Africa: Benchmarking the Constraints (2007)
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