Drivers of Racial Differences in C-Sections

Adriana Corredor-Waldron, Janet Currie and Molly Schnell

No 32891, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: Black mothers with a trial of labor are 25 percent more likely to deliver by C-section than non-Hispanic White mothers. The gap is largest among mothers with the lowest risk and is reduced by only one-fifth when controlling for observed medical risk factors, sociodemographic characteristics, hospital, and physician or medical practice group. Remarkably, the gap disappears when performing a C-section is more costly due to a concurrent pre-labor C-section limiting surgical resources. This finding is consistent with provider discretion—rather than differences in unobserved medical risk—accounting for persistent racial disparities in delivery method. The additional intrapartum C-sections that occur among low-risk women when hospitals are unconstrained negatively impact infant health.

JEL-codes: I1 I14 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024-08
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