Child Penalties and Parental Role Models: Classroom Exposure Effects

Henrik Kleven, Giulia Olivero and Eleonora Patacchini

No 33002, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: This paper investigates whether the effects of children on the labor market outcomes of women relative to men — child penalties — are shaped by the work behavior of peers’ parents during adolescence. Leveraging quasi-random variation in the fraction of peers with working parents across cohorts within schools, we find that greater exposure to working mothers during adolescence substantially reduces the child penalty in employment later in life. Conversely, we find that greater exposure to working fathers increases the penalty. Our findings suggest that parental role models during adolescence are critical for shaping child-related gender gaps in the labor market.

JEL-codes: J13 J16 J21 J22 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024-09
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-dem and nep-gen
Note: CH LS PE
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.nber.org/papers/w33002.pdf (application/pdf)
Access to the full text is generally limited to series subscribers, however if the top level domain of the client browser is in a developing country or transition economy free access is provided. More information about subscriptions and free access is available at http://www.nber.org/wwphelp.html. Free access is also available to older working papers.

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nbr:nberwo:33002

Ordering information: This working paper can be ordered from
http://www.nber.org/papers/w33002
The price is Paper copy available by mail.

Access Statistics for this paper

More papers in NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.. Contact information at EDIRC.
Bibliographic data for series maintained by ().