The Hidden Health Care Crisis Behind Bars: A Randomized Trial to Accredit U.S. Jails

Marcella Alsan () and Crystal Yang

No 33357, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: The U.S. has one of the highest incarceration rates in the world, with over seven million admissions to jails each year. Incarcerated individuals are the only group in the U.S. that have a constitutional right to receiving "reasonably adequate" health care. Yet, there is little oversight and funding for health care in jails, where illness and mortality are rampant. In this study, we randomize the offer of health care accreditation to 44 jails across the U.S. Surveys of staff indicate that accreditation improves coordination between health and custody staff. We also find that accreditation improves quality standards and reduces mortality among the incarcerated, which is three times higher among control facilities than official estimates suggest. These health gains are realized alongside suggestive reductions in six-month recidivism, such that accreditation is highly cost effective.

JEL-codes: I1 I14 I18 I3 K10 K14 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025-01
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