What Works for the Unemployed? Evidence From Quasi-Random Caseworker Assignments

Anders Humlum, Jakob Munch and Mette Rasmussen

No 33807, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: This paper examines if active labor market programs help unemployed job seekers find jobs using a novel random caseworker instrumental variable (IV) design. Leveraging administrative data from Denmark, our identification strategy exploits that (i) job seekers are quasi-randomly assigned to caseworkers, and (ii) caseworkers differ in their tendencies to assign similar job seekers to different programs. Using our IV strategy, we find assignment to classroom training increases employment by 29% two years after initial job loss of compliers. This finding contrasts with the conclusion reached by ordinary least squares (OLS), which suffers from a negative bias due to selection on unobservables. The employment effects are driven by job seekers who complete the programs (post-program effects) rather than job seekers who exit unemployment upon assignment (threat effects), and the programs help job seekers change occupations. We show that job seekers exposed to offshoring – who tend to experience larger and more persistent employment losses – also have higher employment gains from classroom training. By estimating marginal treatment effects, we conclude that total employment may be increased by targeting training toward job seekers exposed to offshoring.

JEL-codes: I28 J08 J24 J68 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025-05
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-eur and nep-lab
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