The impact of robots on workplace injuries and deaths:Empirical evidence from Europe

Marco De Simone (marco.desimone@uniroma1.it), Dario Guarascio and Jelena Reljic

No 255, Working Papers in Public Economics from Department of Economics and Law, Sapienza University of Roma

Abstract: This paper examines the impact of robotisation on workplace safety in EU manufacturing sectors between 2011 and 2019. To address endogeneity concerns, we employ an instrumental variable approach and find that robot adoption reduces both injuries and fatalities. Specifically, a 10 per cent increase in robot adoption is associated with a 0.066 per cent reduction in fatalities and a 1.96 per cent decrease in injuries. Our findings highlight the context-dependent nature of these effects. The safety benefits of robotisation materialise only in high-tech sectors and in countries where industrial relations provide strong worker protections. In contrast, in traditional industries and countries with weaker institutional frameworks, these benefits remain largely unrealised. The results are robust to several sensitivity tests.

Keywords: EU, robotisation; technology; workplace safety; injuries; fatalities; industrial relations (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: J01 J08 J28 J50 J81 L60 O33 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 45
Date: 2025-02
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-eff, nep-eur, nep-lma and nep-tid
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Working Paper: The impact of robots on workplace injuries and deaths: Empirical evidence from Europe (2025)
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