Intrinsic and post-hoc XAI approaches for fingerprint identification and response prediction in smart manufacturing processes

Abhilash Puthanveettil Madathil, Xichun Luo (), Qi Liu, Charles Walker, Rajeshkumar Madarkar, Yukui Cai, Zhanqiang Liu, Wenlong Chang and Yi Qin
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Abhilash Puthanveettil Madathil: DMEM, University of Strathclyde
Xichun Luo: DMEM, University of Strathclyde
Qi Liu: DMEM, University of Strathclyde
Charles Walker: DMEM, University of Strathclyde
Rajeshkumar Madarkar: DMEM, University of Strathclyde
Yukui Cai: Shandong University
Zhanqiang Liu: Shandong University
Wenlong Chang: Innova Nanojet Technologies Ltd
Yi Qin: DMEM, University of Strathclyde

Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 2024, vol. 35, issue 8, No 28, 4159-4180

Abstract: Abstract In quest of improving the productivity and efficiency of manufacturing processes, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being used extensively for response prediction, model dimensionality reduction, process optimization, and monitoring. Though having superior accuracy, AI predictions are unintelligible to the end users and stakeholders due to their opaqueness. Thus, building interpretable and inclusive machine learning (ML) models is a vital part of the smart manufacturing paradigm to establish traceability and repeatability. The study addresses this fundamental limitation of AI-driven manufacturing processes by introducing a novel Explainable AI (XAI) approach to develop interpretable processes and product fingerprints. Here the explainability is implemented in two stages: by developing interpretable representations for the fingerprints, and by posthoc explanations. Also, for the first time, the concept of process fingerprints is extended to develop an interpretable probabilistic model for bottleneck events during manufacturing processes. The approach is demonstrated using two datasets: nanosecond pulsed laser ablation to produce superhydrophobic surfaces and wire EDM real-time monitoring dataset during the machining of Inconel 718. The fingerprint identification is performed using a global Lipschitz functions optimization tool (MaxLIPO) and a stacked ensemble model is used for response prediction. The proposed interpretable fingerprint approach is robust to change in processes and can responsively handle both continuous and categorical responses alike. Implementation of XAI not only provided useful insights into the process physics but also revealed the decision-making logic for local predictions.

Keywords: Smart manufacturing; Artificial intelligence; Explainable AI; Post-hoc XAI; Fingerprints (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s10845-023-02266-2

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