‘Multi-Vector’ Foreign Policies in Europe: Balancing, Bandwagoning or Bargaining?

Elena Gnedina

Europe-Asia Studies, 2015, vol. 67, issue 7, 1007-1029

Abstract: The article examines the phenomenon of ‘multi-vector’ foreign policies that have been adopted by a variety of states in Russia and the EU common neighbourhood. It traces the origins of ‘multi-vector’ foreign policy to a series of asymmetric bargaining ‘games’ between smaller states and two competing regional powers over the terms of cooperation. During these bargaining games, they either accommodate the demands of more powerful actors to relieve external pressure, or manoeuvre between two external actors to extract concessions from and negotiate more favourable agreements with one or both. The model illustrating how ‘multi-vector’ states behave is tested in the case of Ukraine's energy policy in the period from 1999 to 2009.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1080/09668136.2015.1066313

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