Social housing and crime reduction: evidence from Malaysia’s People’s Housing Project

Izzat Hassan Bin Halim

Journal of Development Effectiveness, 2025, vol. 17, issue 4, 486-504

Abstract: This study evaluates the impact of Malaysia’s People’s Housing Project (PPR) on crime outcomes using a staggered difference-in-differences design and administrative police data (2013–2020). Results show significant reductions in property crime, especially house break-ins, vehicle-related theft, and robberies, with declines of about 21%, 10%, and 16% respectively. Effects on violent crime are mixed. A supplementary analysis using satellite-based nightlights shows modest but directionally consistent effects. Overall, findings indicate that well-planned social housing can improve local safety in addition to meeting housing needs.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1080/19439342.2025.2551832

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