Childcare Arrangements for Low-Income Families: Evidence from Low and Middle-Income Countries

Alisa Katharina Arif Currimjee, Jem Heinzel-Nelson Alvarenga Lima and Sara Troiano

No 180967, Social Protection Discussion Papers and Notes from The World Bank

Abstract: This study reviews options of childcare and early learning arrangements in developingcountries, focusing on innovative options for public and nonstate provision that fit the needs and constraints oflow-income families. It discusses both home-based care (provided in a home setting) and center-based care(nurseries, crèches, daycares or sometimes preschools) through various country examples and four in-depth casestudies (from Colombia, Kenya, India, and Liberia). This comparative analysis shows that a wide range of provisionmodels are leveraged to meet the demand for childcare in low- and middle-income countries and that intentional policyinitiatives can promote positive social norms towards early childhood services and women’s economic empowerment. Yet,benefits to children and families depend on the quality of services and the wider enabling environment thy operate in.

Date: 2022-12-02
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