Land constraints and agricultural intensification in Ethiopia: A village-level analysis of high-potential areas

Derek Headey, Mekdim Dereje and Alemayehu Taffesse
Authors registered in the RePEc Author Service: Mekdim Dereje Regassa

Food Policy, 2014, vol. 48, issue C, 129-141

Abstract: Highland Ethiopia is one of the most densely populated regions of Africa and has long been associated with both Malthusian disasters and Boserupian agricultural intensification. This paper explores the race between these two countervailing forces, with the goal of inform two important policy questions. First, how do rural Ethiopians adapt to land constraints? And second, do land constraints significantly influence welfare outcomes in rural Ethiopia? To answer these questions we use a recent household survey of high-potential areas. We first show that farm sizes are generally very small in the Ethiopian highlands and declining over time, with young rural households facing particularly severe land constraints. We then ask whether smaller and declining farm sizes are inducing agricultural intensification, and if so, how. We find strong evidence in favor of the Boserupian hypothesis that land-constrained villages typically use significantly more purchased input costs per hectare and more family labor, and achieve higher maize and teff yields and higher gross income per hectare. However, although these higher inputs raise gross revenue, we find no substantial impact of greater land constraints on net farm income per hectare once family labor costs are accounted for. Moreover, farm sizes are strongly positively correlated with net farm income, suggesting that land constraints are an important cause of rural poverty. We conclude with some broad policy implications of our results.

Keywords: Ethiopia; Land pressures; Population density; Farm sizes; Agricultural intensification (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (61)

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Related works:
Working Paper: Land constraints and agricultural intensification in Ethiopia: A village-level analysis of high-potential areas (2013)
Working Paper: Land constraints and agricultural intensification in Ethiopia: A village-level analysis of high-potential areas (2013)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jfpoli:v:48:y:2014:i:c:p:129-141

DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2014.01.008

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