Hell to touch the sky? Private tutoring and academic achievement in Korea

Álvaro Choi de Mendizábal (), Jorge Calero Martínez () and Josep-Oriol Escardibul
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Álvaro Choi de Mendizábal: Universidad de Barcelona
Jorge Calero Martínez: Universidad de Barcelona

Chapter 07 in Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación, 2011, vol. 6, pp 118-134 from Asociación de Economía de la Educación

Abstract: Although not exclusive to the Republic of Korea´s educational system, the pervasiveness of private tutoring, and its consequences, serve to distinguish it from systems operated in other countries. However, the identification of inefficiencies linked to this phenomenon have seen the educational authorities struggling against private tutoring since the 1908s. Yet, public policies have systematically failed because of the widely held belief that private tutoring services increase students´academic performance of students in the threee competence fields assessed in the PISA-2006 (Programme for International Student Assessment). Instrumental variables are applied in a multilevel model framework in an attempt at addresssing the endogeneity of the effects of private tutoring on academic performance. Our results indicate that the impact of time dedicated to private tutoring on academic performance depends on the particular competence: positive for mathematics, positive but decreasing for reading, and non-significant for science.

Keywords: Private tutoring; Demand for schooling; Academic performance; PISA. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I21 I22 I28 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2011
ISBN: 978-84-695-0585-4
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