Trade, Technology and Inequality in a Developing Country: Theory and Evidence from China

Muqun Li (muqunli@hotmail.com) and Ian Coxhead

Staff Paper Series from University of Wisconsin, Agricultural and Applied Economics

Abstract: Could globalization--specifically, increased international trade and openness to foreign investment--increase inequality in developing countries? Empirical studies in many such economies show that expanding trade and FDI are associated with higher inequality in wages and regional incomes. However, there is no agreement regarding the cause of such increases. We present a theoretical model showing how interactions between factor mobility restrictions and different rates of technical progress (due to trade and FDI) in a regionally heterogeneous economy can explain the evolution of inequality. As favored regions benefit more from trade, their growing demand for skills drains skilled workers from disadvantaged areas, and average incomes in favored regions grow faster than in less favored regions. Moreover, this unbalanced regional growth may be the source of rising inequality within each region, and even of falling per capita incomes in the less favored region. We test our predictions with data from China's coastal and inland provinces. The results confirm that different regional growth rates have increased both interregional and intraregional inequality. In addition, growth of skills-based export industries in coastal regions, other things equal, is associated with lower incomes for the poor in inland provinces.

JEL-codes: F16 O15 R10 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2009-07
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-dev, nep-int and nep-tra
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (7)

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Working Paper: Trade, Technology and Inequality in a Developing Country: Theory and Evidence from China (2009)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ecl:wisagr:539

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