Who Bears the Welfare Costs of Monopoly? The Case of the Credit Card Industry

Kyle Herkenhoff and Gajendran Raveendranathan

No 12836, IZA Discussion Papers from Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)

Abstract: How are the welfare costs from monopoly distributed across U.S. households? We answer this question for the U.S. credit card industry, which is highly concentrated, charges interest rates that are 3.4 to 8.8 percentage points above perfectly competitive pricing, and has repeatedly lost antitrust lawsuits. We depart from existing competitive models by integrating oligopolistic lenders into a heterogeneous agent, defaultable debt framework. Our model accounts for 20 to 50 percent of the spreads observed in the data. Welfare gains from competitive reforms in the 1970s are equivalent to a one-time transfer worth between 0.24 and 1.66 percent of GDP. Along the transition path, 93 percent of individuals are better off. Poor households benefit from increased consumption smoothing, while rich households benefit from higher general equilibrium interest rates on savings. Transitioning from 1970 to 2016 levels of competition yields welfare gains equivalent to a one-time transfer worth between 1.87 and 3.20 percent of GDP. Lastly, homogeneous interest rate caps in 2016 deliver limited welfare gains.

Keywords: competition; consumer credit; welfare costs of monopoly; welfare (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D14 D43 D60 E21 E44 G21 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 59 pages
Date: 2019-12
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-com, nep-dge and nep-mac
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

Downloads: (external link)
https://docs.iza.org/dp12836.pdf (application/pdf)

Related works:
Working Paper: Who Bears the Welfare Costs of Monopoly? The Case of the Credit Card Industry (2020)
Working Paper: Who Bears the Welfare Costs of Monopoly? The Case of the Credit Card Industry (2019)
Working Paper: Who Bears the Welfare Costs of Monopoly? The Case of the Credit Card Industry (2019)
Working Paper: Who Bears the Welfare Costs of Monopoly? The Case of the Credit Card Industry (2019)
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:iza:izadps:dp12836

Ordering information: This working paper can be ordered from
IZA, Margard Ody, P.O. Box 7240, D-53072 Bonn, Germany

Access Statistics for this paper

More papers in IZA Discussion Papers from Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) IZA, P.O. Box 7240, D-53072 Bonn, Germany. Contact information at EDIRC.
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Holger Hinte ().