Job Location Decisions and the Effect of Children on the Employment Gender Gap

Andrea Albanese, Adrian Nieto Castro and Konstantinos Tatsiramos

No 15353, IZA Discussion Papers from Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)

Abstract: We study the effect of childbirth on local and non-local employment dynamics for both men and women using Belgian social security and geo-location data. Applying an event-study design that accounts for treatment effect heterogeneity, we show that 75 percent of the effect of the birth of a first child on the overall gender gap in employment is accounted for by gender disparities in non-local employment, with mothers being more likely to give up non-local employment compared to fathers. This gender specialisation is mostly driven by opposing job location responses of men and women to individual, household and regional factors. On the one hand, men do not give up non-local employment after childbirth when they are employed in a high-paid job, have a partner who is not participating in the labour market or experience adverse local labour market conditions, suggesting that fathers trade off better employment opportunities with longer commutes. On the other hand, women give up non-local jobs regardless of their earnings level, their partner's labour market status and local economic conditions, which is consistent with mothers specialising in childcare provision compared to fathers.

Keywords: cross-border employment; job location; childbirth; gender gap; specialisation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C21 C23 J13 J16 J22 J61 R23 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 66 pages
Date: 2022-06
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-eur, nep-lab and nep-ure
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (7)

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Related works:
Working Paper: Job Location Decisions and the Effect of Children on the Employment Gender Gap (2022)
Working Paper: Job Location Decisions and the Effect of Children on the Employment Gender Gap (2022)
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