Why is Pollution from U.S. Manufacturing Declining? The Roles of Environmental Regulation, Productivity, and Trade

Joseph Shapiro and Reed Walker

No 20879, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: Between 1990 and 2008, air pollution emissions from U.S. manufacturing fell by 60 percent despite a substantial increase in manufacturing output. We show that these emissions reductions are primarily driven by within-product changes in emissions intensity rather than changes in output or in the composition of products produced. We then develop and estimate a quantitative model linking trade with the environment to better understand the economic forces driving these changes. Our estimates suggest that the implicit pollution tax that manufacturers face doubled between 1990 and 2008. These changes in environmental regulation, rather than changes in productivity and trade, account for most of the emissions reductions.

JEL-codes: F18 F64 H23 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015-01
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-env
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Published as Joseph S. Shapiro & Reed Walker, 2018. "Why Is Pollution from US Manufacturing Declining? The Roles of Environmental Regulation, Productivity, and Trade," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 108(12), pages 3814-3854, December.

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Related works:
Journal Article: Why Is Pollution from US Manufacturing Declining? The Roles of Environmental Regulation, Productivity, and Trade (2018)
Working Paper: Why is Pollution from U.S. Manufacturing Declining" The Roles of Environmental Regulation, Productivity, and Trade (2018)
Working Paper: Why is Pollution from U.S. Manufacturing Declining" The Roles of Environmental Regulation, Productivity, and Trade (2018)
Working Paper: Why is Pollution from U.S. Manufacturing Declining" The Roles of Environmental Regulation, Productivity, and Trade (2017)
Working Paper: Why is Pollution from U.S. Manufacturing Declining? The Roles of Environmental Regulation, Productivity, and Trade (2015)
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