Discussion Papers

From Philippine Institute for Development Studies
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2025-23: Review of the Localization Law and Its Effect on the Hiring of Teachers

Valerie L. Author_Email: Lim, Arlyne C. Author_Email: Marasigan, Leih Maruss Author_Email: Sinsay-Villanueva, Glenda Darlene V. Author_Email: Garcia, Ivan Harris Author_Email: Tanyag, Jenard D. Author_Email: Berroya, Ivy P. Author_Email: Mejia, Jayson L. Author_Email: De Vera, Nikolee Marie A. Author_Email: Serafico-Reyes, Nilo J. Author_Email: Castulo, Cathlene Author_Email: De Pano and John Michael D. Author_Email: Aquino

2025-22: Assessing the Current and Future Middle Skills in the Philippines: Inputs for Policy Agenda

Richard P. Author_Email: Monteverde, Ivy P. Author_Email: Mejia, Louie B. Author_Email: Dasas, Saddam C. Author_Email: Bazer, Charissa Mae S. Author_Email: Garcia and Carina S. Author_Email: Aquino

2025-21: Early Harm, Lasting Impact: The Effect of Parental Violence on Educational Outcomes among Filipino Children

Valerie Gilbert T. Author_Email: Ulep, Lyle Daryll D. Author_Email: Casas and Aaron Carlos G. Author_Email: Manuel

2025-20: Sustain the Gains: An Assessment of Nurturing Care Outcomes in the Next 1,000 Days

Valerie Gilbert T. Author_Email: Ulep, Lyle Daryll D. Author_Email: Casas, Danielle Lois M. Author_Email: Carreon and M a. Norma Thea Madeline Author_Email: Conjares

2025-19: Review of Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) Scholarship Programs in Targeting the Poor

Maribel Author_Email: Daño

2025-18: Harvesting Insights: Assessment of Food Systems for Children in the Philippines

Valerie Gilbert T. Author_Email: Ulep, Lyle Daryll D. Author_Email: Casas, Alice Author_Email: Nkoroi, Jann Trizia Author_Email: Talamayan, M a. Norma Thea Madeline Author_Email: Conjares and Carleneth Author_Email: San Valentin

2025-17: Strengthening and Expanding Government Assistance for Private Education

Vicente B. Author_Email: Paqueo, Ricxie B. Author_Email: Maddawin, Michael Abrigo, Johanna Marie Astrid A. Author_Email: Sister, Solomon R. Author_Email: Sarne, Marie Louissie Ynez U. Author_Email: Lavega and Aniceto Orbeta

2025-16: Strengthening the Financing of State Universities and Colleges: Challenges and Opportunities

Herisadel P. Author_Email: Flores

2025-15: Challenges and Policy Options in Health Human Resource (HRH) Compensation, Magna Carta Compliance, and Salary Standardization

Valerie Gilbert T. Author_Email: Ulep, Lyle Daryll D. Author_Email: Casas, Clarisa Joy A. Author_Email: Flaminiano, Jereme Paolo K. Author_Email: Syling, LouieIyar L. Author_Email: Dagoy, YaddahShalom R. Author_Email: Dollente and LeifDaryl C. Author_Email: Tan

2025-14: Revitalizing the Philippine Education System: Facilitating Access and Participation to In-Service Training (INSET) and Teacher Professional Development (TPD)

John Paolo R. Author_Email: Rivera, Valerie L. Author_Email: Lim, Leih Maruss Author_Email: Sinsay-Villanueva, Glenda Darlene V. Author_Email: Garcia, Ivan Harris Author_Email: Tanyag and Jenard D. Author_Email: Berroya

2025-13: Review of CHED Policies, Standards, and Guidelines (PSGs) Pre- and Post-K to 12 Reforms

Gerardo L. Author_Email: Largoza and Clarence Gabriel Author_Email: Fernandez

2025-12: Hazard and Incidence of Exits of Ever-Enrolled College-Age Students

Connie Bayudan-Dacuycuy

2025-11: Strengthening Tertiary Enrollment Through Financial Aid: Insights from a Survey in Cagayan Valley

MarkJerome B. Author_Email: deLeon, Chirbet C. Author_Email: Ayunon, MaribiMariaBenita E. Author_Email: Balagan and KristinneJoyce A. Author_Email: Lara

2025-10: Low Fertility, Ageing Buildings, and School Congestion in the Philippines: Tailwinds, Headwinds, and Some Policy Options

Michael Abrigo, Edmar E. Author_Email: Lingatong, Charlotte Marjorie L. Author_Email: Relos, Tania Dew S. Author_Email: Perez, Noel Angelo M. Author_Email: Quejada, Erwin Doroteo Justien C. Author_Email: Daga, Katha Ma-i Author_Email: Estopace, Jesusa L. Author_Email: Paquibot and Dianne Stephanie A. Author_Email: Gavan

2025-09: Measuring the Impacts of Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) on Wage Outcomes in the Philippines

John Paolo R. Author_Email: Rivera, Pauline Joy M. Author_Email: Lorenzo, Ian Nicole A. Author_Email: Generalao and Jennylyn M. Author_Email: Balaoro

2025-08: Examining the Effects of Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) on Employment Outcomes in the Philippines

John Paolo R. Author_Email: Rivera, Pauline Joy M. Author_Email: Lorenzo, Ian Nicole A. Author_Email: Generalao and Jennylyn M. Author_Email: Balaoro

2025-07: Baseline Study on the State of Participation in Local Government Units: Participatory Governance Metrics for Local Development Councils

Lawrence G. Author_Email: Velasco, Czarina Author_Email: Medina-Guce and Anne Marie T. Author_Email: Rey

2025-06: Navigating a New Era of Reciprocal Tariffs: Strategic Implications for the Philippines and Selected ASEAN Economies

Rafaelita M. Author_Email: Aldaba

2025-05: The State of Health Infrastructure Investments in the Philippines and Assessment of the Health Facility Enhancement Program (HFEP)

Valerie Gilbert T. Author_Email: Ulep, Aaron Carlos G. Author_Email: Manuel, Therese Jules P. Author_Email: Tomas, Danielle Lois M. Author_Email: Carreon and LouieIyar L. Author_Email: Dagoy

2025-04: Quality Education Starting with Teacher Education

John Paolo R. Author_Email: Rivera, Valerie L. Author_Email: Lim, Leih Maruss Author_Email: Sinsay-Villanueva, Glenda Darlene V. Author_Email: Garcia, Ivan Harris Author_Email: Tanyag, Jenard D. Author_Email: Berroya and Aniceto Orbeta

2025-03: Mapping Excellence in Teacher Education: The Role of Centers of Excellence in Teacher Quality

John Paolo R. Author_Email: Rivera, Valerie L. Author_Email: Lim, Leih Maruss Author_Email: Sinsay-Villanueva, Glenda Darlene V. Author_Email: Garcia, Ivan Harris Author_Email: Tanyag, Jenard D. Author_Email: Berroya and Aniceto Orbeta

2025-02: Assessing the Implementation of Joint Programming in Government Social Protection and Economic Inclusion Interventions in the Philippines

Jose Ramon G. Author_Email: Albert, FrancesGenevieve F. Author_Email: Genio and JanJoyLouise G. Author_Email: Crismo

2025-01: Beyond Parents and Guardians: Mapping and Mobilizing the ‘Significant Others’ in Early Childhood Care and Development in the Philippines

PaulGideon D. Author_Email: Lasco and Jhaki A. Author_Email: Mendoza

2024-51: Transport Infrastructure in the Philippines: From Plans to Actual Allocation

Kris Francisco

2024-50: Gender, Microentrepreneurship, Human Flourishing: Exploring the Experiences of Women Sari-sari Store Owners toward Inclusive Growth

Eylla Laire M. Author_Email: Gutierrez and Diana Author_Email: Rueda

2024-49: Critical Industries in the Time of Asia-Pacific Geopolitics: Lessons for the Philippines

Jean Clarisse T. Author_Email: Carlos and DerykMatthew N. Author_Email: Baladjay

2024-48: Innovation Strategies in Traditional Cultural Expressions MSMEs in the Philippines: A Case Study

JuneAnn J. Author_Email: Casimiro, Karenina B. Author_Email: Romualdo and ViaShane R. Author_Email: Santiago

2024-47: Lifeline Rate and Senior Citizen Discount on Electricity: Who Pays and Who Benefits? (Socialized Pricing Mechanisms in the Philippine Electric Power Industry)

Kris Francisco

2024-46: Probing Sectoral Networks of Ownership in Publicly Listed Financial Companies in the Philippines

Ramonette B. Author_Email: Serafica, Aubrey D. Author_Email: Tabuga and Madeleine Louise S. Author_Email: Baino

2024-45: School Bullying Contributes to Lower PISA Achievement among Filipino Students: Who Gets Bullied? Why Does It Matter?

Michael Abrigo, Edmar E. Author_Email: Lingatong and Charlotte Marjorie L. Author_Email: Relos

2024-44: Harmonizing Philippine Census Data across Decades (1970–2020)

Kris Ann Melad

2024-43: Challenges and Opportunities in Subnational Public-Private Partnerships in the Philippines

Adoracion Navarro

2024-42: Examining the Role of Bullying on Schooling Outcomes: Findings from the Longitudinal Cohort Study on the Filipino Child

Francisco M. Author_Email: Largo, Alejandro N. Author_Email: Herrin, Michael Abrigo, Judith B. Author_Email: Borja, Isabelita N. Author_Email: Bas, Jan L.G. Author_Email: Alegado and Nanette L. Author_Email: Mayol

2024-41: Strengthening CHED’s Developmental and Regulatory Capacity

Fernando Author_Email: Aldaba, Joselito Author_Email: Sescon and KarlEli Author_Email: Alconis

2024-40: An Assessment of the Local Government Units' Functional Assignments under a Decentralized Regime

Rosario G. Author_Email: Manasan, Ricxie B. Author_Email: Maddawin and Marianne N. Author_Email: Juco

2024-39: The Role of Services in Global Value Chains: Assessing the Servicification of Philippine Manufacturing Industries

Neil Irwin S. Author_Email: Moreno

2024-38: ASEAN Centrality amid Increasing Global Multipolarity

Francis Mark A. Author_Email: Quimba and Mark Anthony A. Author_Email: Barral

2024-37: Measuring Poverty within Filipino Households: Examining of Resource Sharing and Economies of Scale

Jose Ramon G. Author_Email: Albert, Imelda Author_Email: Angeles-Agdeppa, Connie Bayudan-Dacuycuy, Anna Rita P. Author_Email: Vargas, Jan Carlo Punongbayan, Deanne Lorraine D. Author_Email: Cabalfin, Eldridge B. Author_Email: Ferrer, Charmaine A. Author_Email: Duante and Chona M. Author_Email: Fernandez-Patalen

2024-36: Culprit and Victim: Scenarios for Philippine Agriculture amidst Climate Change

Roehlano M. Author_Email: Briones and Ivory Myka R. Author_Email: Galang

2024-35: Readiness for AI Adoption of Philippine Business and Industry: The Government's Role in Fostering Innovation- and AI-Driven Industrial Development

Francis Mark A. Author_Email: Quimba, Neil Irwin S. Author_Email: Moreno and Alliah Mae C. Author_Email: Salazar

2024-34: Estimating the Impacts of Climate Change on Fiscal Health in the Philippines: Designing a Policy toward a Climate-Resilient Fiscal Sector

John Paolo R. Author_Email: Rivera, Mark Gerald C. Author_Email: Ruiz and Ramona Maria L. Author_Email: Miral

2024-33: Economics of Satellite Campuses

Catherine Roween C. Author_Email: Almaden

2024-32: Determinants in the Formation of Extended and Multifamily Households in the Philippines

Marife Ballesteros, Tatum P. Author_Email: Ramos and Jenica A. Author_Email: Ancheta

2024-31: A Process Evaluation of the Philippine Alternative Learning System

Jose Ramon G. Author_Email: Albert, Ronald U. Author_Email: Mendoza, Mika S. Author_Email: Muñoz, Mohammad A. Author_Email: Mahmoud and Deanne Lorraine D. Author_Email: Cabalfin

2024-30: Prospects for Widespread Adoption of Organic-Based Fertilizers in the Philippines: A Rapid Appraisal

Roehlano M. Author_Email: Briones, Ivory Myka R. Author_Email: Galang and HelenaLuz C. Author_Email: Pastolero

2024-29: Analysis of the Competition Landscape of Philippine Mass Media

Ramonette B. Author_Email: Serafica and Queen Cel A. Author_Email: Oren

2024-28: The Nexus between Trade and Investment, ESG, and SDG

Mark Anthony A. Author_Email: Barral

2024-27: Is the 4Ps Targeting and Reaching the "Right" Beneficiaries? An Assessment of the Veracity of the List of Pantawid Pamilya/4Ps Beneficiaries

Aniceto Orbeta, Jose Ramon G. Author_Email: Albert, Kris Ann Melad and Mohammad A. Author_Email: Mahmoud

2024-26: Demographic Trends and Housing Patterns in the Philippines

Marife Ballesteros, Tatum P. Author_Email: Ramos and Jenica A. Author_Email: Ancheta

2024-25: HEIGHTS-IE: Higher Education Institutions Generating Holistic and Transferable Solutions—Innovation Ecosystems, Philippines

Francis Mark A. Author_Email: Quimba, Mark Anthony A. Author_Email: Barral and Abigail E. Author_Email: Andrada