Estimating the Relationship between Skill and Overconfidence

Jan Feld, Jan Sauermann and Andries de Grip

No 10611, IZA Discussion Papers from Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)

Abstract: The Dunning–Kruger effect states that low performers vastly overestimate their performance while high performers more accurately assess their performance. Researchers usually interpret this empirical pattern as evidence that the low skilled are vastly overconfident while the high skilled are more accurate in assessing their skill. However, measurement error alone can lead to a negative relationship between performance and overestimation, even if skill and overconfidence are unrelated. To clarify the role of measurement error, we restate the Dunning–Kruger effect in terms of skill and overconfidence. We show that we can correct for bias caused by measurement error with an instrumental variable approach that uses a second performance as instrument. We then estimate the Dunning–Kruger effect in the context of the exam grade predictions of economics students, using their grade point average as an instrument for their exam grade. Our results show that the unskilled are more overconfident than the skilled. However, as we predict in our methodological discussion, this relationship is significantly weaker than ordinary least squares estimates suggest.

Keywords: Dunning–Kruger effect; overconfidence; judgment error; measurement error; instrumental variable (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D03 I23 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 27 pages
Date: 2017-03
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-cbe and nep-exp
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (12)

Published - published in: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 2017, 68, 18-24

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Related works:
Journal Article: Estimating the relationship between skill and overconfidence (2017)
Working Paper: Estimating the Relationship between Skill and Overconfidence (2017)
Working Paper: Estimating the relationship between skill and overconfidence (2017)
Working Paper: Estimating the relationship between skill and overconfidence (2017)
Working Paper: Estimating the Relationship between Skill and Overconfidence (2015)
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