Details about Nina Smith

E-mail:
Homepage:	https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/persons/nina-smith(cc83ef2e-9b4d-4aab-9894-9867241d47e7).html
Phone:	+45 8716 5565
Postal address:	Department of Economics, Fuglesangs Alle 4, University of Aarhus, 8210 Aarhus V, Aarhus Denmark
Workplace:	Institut for Økonomi (Department of Economics and Business Economics), Aarhus Universitet (Aarhus University), (more information at EDIRC)

Access statistics for papers by Nina Smith.

Last updated 2025-04-24. Update your information in the RePEc Author Service.

Short-id: psm14

---

Jump to Journal Articles Chapters

Working Papers

2025

1. Motherhood on Campus: Timing Childbirth during University Studies
   IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)

2024

2. Do Women on Boards Matter? Network and Spillover Effects on Gender Gaps within Firms
   IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)

2018

3. Working Hours and Top Management Appointments: Evidence from Linked Employer-Employee Data
   IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (6)

2017

4. Closing or Reproducing the Gender Gap? Parental Transmission, Social Norms and Education Choice
   IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (8)
   See also Journal Article Closing or reproducing the gender gap? Parental transmission, social norms and education choice, Journal of Population Economics, Springer (2019) View citations (18) (2019)
5. Gender Stereotyping and Self-Stereotyping Attitudes: A Large Field Study of Managers
   IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (4)

2016

6. Income Support Policy and Gender Difference in Self-Employment over Business Cycle
   Post-Print, HAL
7. Inequalities in Educational Outcomes: How Important Is the Family?
   IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (2)
   Also in Ruhr Economic Papers, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen (2016) View citations (2)
   VfS Annual Conference 2015 (Muenster): Economic Development - Theory and Policy, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association (2015)
   See also Journal Article Inequalities in Educational Outcomes: How Important Is the Family?, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford (2018) View citations (4) (2018)
8. The Short-Term Effects of School Consolidation on Student Achievement: Evidence of Disruption?
   IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (6)
   Also in CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo (2016) View citations (5)
   See also Journal Article The short-term effects of school consolidation on student achievement: Evidence of disruption?, Economics of Education Review, Elsevier (2018) View citations (18) (2018)

2015

9. Why so few women on board of directors? Empirical evidence from Danish companies 1998-2010
   Post-Print, HAL

2014

10. Female-led firms: Performance and risk attitudes
    Post-Print, HAL
    Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2013) View citations (21)
    Post-Print, HAL (2014)
    Post-Print, HAL (2014)
11. Long-Term Effects of School Size on Students' Outcomes
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article Long-term effects of school size on students’ outcomes, Economics of Education Review, Elsevier (2015) View citations (11) (2015)

2013

12. Gender Differences in Self-Employment over the Business Cycle
    Post-Print, HAL
13. Gender Differences in the Effects of Behavioral Problems on School Outcomes
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
14. Why So Few Women on Boards of Directors? Empirical Evidence from Danish Companies 1997-2007
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (10)

2011

15. Why Are So Few Females Promoted into CEO and Vice-President Positions? Danish Empirical Evidence 1997-2007
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (8)

2010

16. The Gender Pay Gap in Top Corporate Jobs in Denmark: Glass Ceilings, Sticky Floors or Both?
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (6)

2008

17. Gender differences in promotion into top-management jobs
    Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Economics View citations (8)
18. Women in Top Management and Firm Performance
    Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Economics View citations (5)

2007

19. The Effect of Marriage on Education of Immigrants: Evidence from a Policy Reform Restricting Spouse Import
    Economics Working Papers, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University View citations (7)
    Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2007) View citations (7)

2006

20. Child Care and Parental Leave in the Nordic Countries: A Model to Aspire to?
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (27)
21. Do Women in Top Management Affect Firm Performance? A Panel Study of 2500 Danish Firms
    MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany View citations (231)
    Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2005) View citations (23)
    CIE Discussion Papers, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. Centre for Industrial Economics (2005) View citations (51)
    See also Journal Article Do women in top management affect firm performance?A panel study of 2,500 Danish firms, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Emerald Group Publishing Limited (2006) View citations (45) (2006)

2005

22. Is Marriage Poisonous? Are Relationships Taxing? An Analysis of the Male Marital Wage Differential in Denmark
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (6)
    See also Journal Article Is Marriage Poisonous? Are Relationships Taxing? An Analysis of the Male Marital Wage Differential in Denmark, Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons (2007) View citations (1) (2007)
23. Til gavn for bundlinjen: Forbedrer kvinder i topledelse og bestyrelse danske virksomheders bundlinje?
    Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Economics

2004

24. Career Interruptions due to Parental Leave - A Comparative Study of Denmark and Sweden
    Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Economics View citations (8)
    Also in OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers, OECD Publishing (2003) View citations (29)
25. Selection or Network Effects? Migration Flows into 27 OECD Countries, 1990-2000
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (51)
26. The Impact of Family-Friendly Policies in Denmark and Sweden on Mothers' Career Interruptions Due to Childbirth
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (28)

2003

27. Swimming Upstream, Floating Downstream: Comparing Women's Relative Wage Positions in the U.S. and Denmark
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (15)
28. The Educational Attainment of the Children of the Danish ‘Guest Worker’ Immigrants
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (9)
    Also in Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Economics (2003) View citations (3)
    See also Journal Article The educational attainment of the children of the Danish »guest worker« immigrants, Nationaløkonomisk tidsskrift, Nationaløkonomisk Forening (2006) (2006)
29. Timing and Flexibility of Housework and Men and Women's Wages
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (32)
    See also Chapter The Timing and Flexibility of Housework and Men and Women's Wages, Contributions to Economic Analysis, Emerald Group Publishing Limited (2004) View citations (1) (2004)

2002

30. Income Inequality and Income Mobility in the Scandinavian Countries Compared to the United States
    SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance, Stockholm School of Economics View citations (146)
    Also in Discussion Papers, Statistics Norway, Research Department (1996) View citations (25)
    See also Journal Article Income Inequality and Income Mobility in the Scandinavian Countries Compared to the United States, Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth (2002) View citations (128) (2002)
31. Swimming Upstream, Floating Downstream: Trends in the U.S. and Danish Gender Wage Gaps
    CLS Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research View citations (10)
32. Tax Evasion and Work in the Underground Sector
    CLS Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article Tax evasion and work in the underground sector, Labour Economics, Elsevier (2005) View citations (18) (2005)
33. Unemployment Traps: Do Financial Dis-incentives matter?
    CLS Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research View citations (15)
    Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2001) View citations (5)

2001

34. Children and Career Interruptions: The Family Gap in Denmark
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (32)
    Also in Working Papers, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research, Danmark- (2000) View citations (14)
    CLS Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research (2000) View citations (17)
35. Intergenerational Transmissions and the School-to-Work Transition of 2nd Generation Immigrants
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (14)
    Also in CLS Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research (2001) View citations (6)
36. International Migration and Migration policy in Denmark
    CLS Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research View citations (3)
37. Overtime Work, Dual Job Holding and Taxation
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (9)
    Also in Working Papers, Aarhus School of Business - Department of Economics (2001) View citations (16)
    Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Economics (2001) View citations (8)
    See also Chapter Overtime work, dual job holding, and taxation, Research in Labor Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited (2008) View citations (7) (2008)
38. Qualifications, Discrimination, or Assimilation? An Extended Framework for Analysing Immigrant Wage Gaps
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (18)
    See also Journal Article Qualifications, discrimination, or assimilation? An extended framework for analysing immigrant wage gaps, Empirical Economics, Springer (2004) View citations (37) (2004)

2000

39. Employment and Wage Assimilation of Male First Generation Immigrants in Denmark
    IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (28)
    Also in Working Papers, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research, Danmark- (2000) View citations (38)
    CLS Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research (2000) View citations (15)
    See also Journal Article Employment and wage assimilation of male first‐generation immigrants in Denmark, International Journal of Manpower, Emerald Group Publishing Limited (2001) View citations (5) (2001)
40. Hit Twice? Danish Evidence on the Double-Negative Effect on the Wages of Immigrant Women
    CLS Working Papers, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research View citations (9)
    Also in Working Papers, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research, Danmark- (2000) View citations (8)
    CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers (2000) View citations (7)

1999

41. Taxation of Spouses: a Cross-Country Study of the Effects on Maaried Women's Labour Supply
    Working Papers, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research, Danmark- View citations (9)

1998

42. Labour Supply, Overtime Work and Taxation in Denmark
    Working Papers, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research, Danmark- View citations (5)
43. Low Incomes in Denmark, 1980-1995
    Working Papers, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research, Danmark- View citations (1)
44. Wage Dispersion, Public Sector Wages and the Stagnating Danish Gender Wage Gap
    Working Papers, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research, Danmark- View citations (10)

1997

45. An introduction to CGE-modelling and an illustrative application to Eastern European Integration with the EU
    DREAM Working Paper Series, Danish Rational Economic Agents Model, DREAM
46. Unemployment Shocks and Income Distribution How Did the Nordic Countries Fare During their Crises?
    Discussion Papers, Statistics Norway, Research Department View citations (22)
    See also Journal Article Unemployment Shocks and Income Distribution: How did the Nordic Countries Fare during their Crises?, Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell (2000) View citations (59) (2000)

1996

47. Cohort Effects on the Gender Wage Gape in Danmark
    Working Papers, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research, Danmark- View citations (4)

1995

48. Gender Wage Differentials: New Cross-Country Evidence
    LIS Working papers, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg View citations (6)
    Also in Papers, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI) (1995) View citations (3)

Journal Articles

2025

1. Gender quotas on corporate boards of directors
   IZA World of Labor, 2025, 7v3

2024

2. Development of mirror-image monobodies targeting the oncogenic BCR::ABL1 kinase
   Nature Communications, 2024, 15, (1), 1-19 View citations (1)
3. What makes entrepreneurship counter-cyclical? Evidence from a shutdown of start-up subsidies in Denmark
   Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 2024, 36, (9-10), 1232-1256

2023

4. Network Connections and Board Seats: Are Female Networks Less Valuable?
   Journal of Labor Economics, 2023, 41, (2), 323 - 360 View citations (8)

2019

5. Closing or reproducing the gender gap? Parental transmission, social norms and education choice
   Journal of Population Economics, 2019, 32, (2), 455-500 View citations (18)
   See also Working Paper Closing or Reproducing the Gender Gap? Parental Transmission, Social Norms and Education Choice, IZA Discussion Papers (2017) View citations (8) (2017)

2018

6. Gender quotas on boards of directors
   IZA World of Labor, 2018, 1-10 View citations (12)
   Also in IZA World of Labor, 2014, 7 (2014) View citations (20)
7. Inequalities in Educational Outcomes: How Important Is the Family?
   Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 2018, 80, (6), 1117-1144 View citations (4)
   See also Working Paper Inequalities in Educational Outcomes: How Important Is the Family?, IZA Discussion Papers (2016) View citations (2) (2016)
8. The short-term effects of school consolidation on student achievement: Evidence of disruption?
   Economics of Education Review, 2018, 65, (C), 31-47 View citations (18)
   See also Working Paper The Short-Term Effects of School Consolidation on Student Achievement: Evidence of Disruption?, IZA Discussion Papers (2016) View citations (6) (2016)
9. Why so Few Women on Boards of Directors? Empirical Evidence from Danish Companies in 1998–2010
   Journal of Business Ethics, 2018, 147, (2), 445-467 View citations (22)

2015

10. Gender differences in behavioral problems and school outcomes
    Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2015, 115, (C), 75-93 View citations (11)
11. Long-term effects of school size on students’ outcomes
    Economics of Education Review, 2015, 45, (C), 28-43 View citations (11)
    See also Working Paper Long-Term Effects of School Size on Students' Outcomes, IZA Discussion Papers (2014) View citations (1) (2014)

2014

12. Quota Regulations of Gender Composition on Boards of Directors
    ifo DICE Report, 2014, 12, (02), 42-48 View citations (5)

2013

13. Why are So Few Females Promoted into CEO and Vice President Positions? Danish Empirical Evidence, 1997–2007
    ILR Review, 2013, 66, (2), 380-408 View citations (71)

2011

14. The gender pay gap in top corporate jobs in Denmark
    International Journal of Manpower, 2011, 32, (2), 156-177 View citations (12)

2009

15. Barselsorlov og familievenlig politik i de nordiske lande – en ligestillingsfremmende og økonomisk bæredygtig model?
    Nationaløkonomisk tidsskrift, 2009, 2009, (1), 120-138
16. The Effect of Marriage on Education of Immigrants: Evidence from a Policy Reform Restricting Marriage Migration*
    Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 2009, 111, (3), 457-486 View citations (17)

2008

17. PERSPECTIVE ARTICLE: The impact of Nordic countries’ family friendly policies on employment, wages, and children
    Review of Economics of the Household, 2008, 6, (1), 65-89 View citations (79)
18. Selection and network effects--Migration flows into OECD countries 1990-2000
    European Economic Review, 2008, 52, (7), 1160-1186 View citations (282)

2007

19. Is Marriage Poisonous? Are Relationships Taxing? An Analysis of the Male Marital Wage Differential in Denmark
    Southern Economic Journal, 2007, 74, (2), 412-433 View citations (1)
    See also Working Paper Is Marriage Poisonous? Are Relationships Taxing? An Analysis of the Male Marital Wage Differential in Denmark, IZA Discussion Papers (2005) View citations (6) (2005)

2006

20. Analysing trends in US and Danish gender wage gaps in the 1980s and 1990s
    Applied Economics Letters, 2006, 13, (10), 643-647
21. Do women in top management affect firm performance?A panel study of 2,500 Danish firms
    International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 2006, 55, (7), 569-593 View citations (45)
    See also Working Paper Do Women in Top Management Affect Firm Performance? A Panel Study of 2500 Danish Firms, MPRA Paper (2006) View citations (231) (2006)
22. Swimming Upstream, Floating Downstream: Comparing Women's Relative Wage Progress in the United States and Denmark
    ILR Review, 2006, 59, (2), 243-266 View citations (62)
23. The educational attainment of the children of the Danish »guest worker« immigrants
    Nationaløkonomisk tidsskrift, 2006, 2006, (1), 18-42
    See also Working Paper The Educational Attainment of the Children of the Danish ‘Guest Worker’ Immigrants, IZA Discussion Papers (2003) View citations (9) (2003)

2005

24. Tax evasion and work in the underground sector
    Labour Economics, 2005, 12, (5), 613-628 View citations (18)
    See also Working Paper Tax Evasion and Work in the Underground Sector, CLS Working Papers (2002) View citations (1) (2002)

2004

25. Qualifications, discrimination, or assimilation? An extended framework for analysing immigrant wage gaps
    Empirical Economics, 2004, 29, (4), 855-883 View citations (37)
    See also Working Paper Qualifications, Discrimination, or Assimilation? An Extended Framework for Analysing Immigrant Wage Gaps, IZA Discussion Papers (2001) View citations (18) (2001)

2003

26. The effects of taxation on married women's labour supply across four countries
    Oxford Economic Papers, 2003, 55, (3), 417-439 View citations (25)
27. The school-to-work transition of 2 nd generation immigrants in Denmark
    Journal of Population Economics, 2003, 16, (4), 755-786 View citations (71)

2002

28. Income Inequality and Income Mobility in the Scandinavian Countries Compared to the United States
    Review of Income and Wealth, 2002, 48, (4), 443-469 View citations (128)
    See also Working Paper Income Inequality and Income Mobility in the Scandinavian Countries Compared to the United States, SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance (2002) View citations (146) (2002)
29. Replik til "Reflektioner over Forskningskommissionens arbejde"
    Nationaløkonomisk tidsskrift, 2002, 2002, (1), 204-206

2001

30. Employment and wage assimilation of male first‐generation immigrants in Denmark
    International Journal of Manpower, 2001, 22, (1/2), 39-71 View citations (5)
    See also Working Paper Employment and Wage Assimilation of Male First Generation Immigrants in Denmark, IZA Discussion Papers (2000) View citations (28) (2000)
31. Household labour supply in Britain and Denmark: some interpretations using a model of Pareto Optimal behaviour
    Applied Economics, 2001, 33, (9), 1109-1116 View citations (28)

2000

32. Trends in Danish Income Distribution
    LABOUR, 2000, 14, (3), 523-546 View citations (6)
33. Unemployment Shocks and Income Distribution: How did the Nordic Countries Fare during their Crises?
    Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 2000, 102, (1), 77-99 View citations (59)
    See also Working Paper Unemployment Shocks and Income Distribution How Did the Nordic Countries Fare During their Crises?, Discussion Papers (1997) View citations (22) (1997)

1996

34. The Danish Gender Wage Gap in the 1980s: A Panel Data Study
    Oxford Economic Papers, 1996, 48, (2), 254-79 View citations (17)

1995

35. Cross-National Comparisons of the Labour Force Participation of Women Married to Unemployed Men
    Oxford Economic Papers, 1995, 47, (4), 611-35 View citations (22)

1991

36. Understanding unemployment: Lawrence H. Summers, (The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1990) pp. 360
    European Journal of Political Economy, 1991, 7, (3), 424-428

1990

37. Unemployment and Marital Dissolution
    Journal of Population Economics, 1990, 3, (3), 215-29 View citations (53)
38. Wage differentials between the public and private sectors
    Journal of Public Economics, 1990, 41, (1), 125-145 View citations (37)

Chapters

2008

1. Overtime work, dual job holding, and taxation
   A chapter in Work, Earnings and Other Aspects of the Employment Relation, 2008, pp 25-55 View citations (7)
   See also Working Paper Overtime Work, Dual Job Holding and Taxation, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2001) View citations (9) (2001)

2004

2. The Timing and Flexibility of Housework and Men and Women's Wages
   A chapter in The Economics of Time Use, 2004, pp 43-77 View citations (1)
   See also Working Paper Timing and Flexibility of Housework and Men and Women's Wages, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2003) View citations (32) (2003)

1999

3. Minimum Wage Contracts and Individual Wage Formation: Theory and Evidence from Danish Panel Data
   Palgrave Macmillan View citations (1)

1996

4. The Labour Supply of Lone Mothers in Denmark and the United Kingdom
   Palgrave Macmillan