Economic Bulletin Boxes

2017 - 2025

From European Central Bank
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2025, volume 8

TLTRO III phase-out and bank lending conditions

Francesca Barbiero, Alessandro Ferrari and Franziska Maruhn

Liquidity conditions and monetary policy operations from 24 July to 22 October 2024

Yannik Schneider and Kristian Tötterman

Monetary policy pass-through to goods and services inflation: a granular perspective

Anastasia Allayioti, Bruno Fagandini, Lucyna Gόrnicka and Catalina Martínez Hernández

What explains the high household saving rate in the euro area?

Alina Bobasu, Johannes Gareis and Grigor Stoevsky

What are the economic signals from uncertainty measures?

Malin Andersson, Alina Bobasu and Roberto A. De Santis

The effects of the Emissions Trading System on European investment in the short run

Pablo Anaya Longaric, Virginia Di Nino and Vasileios Kostakis

What’s behind the resilience of US equity prices – market structure, earnings expectations or equity risk premia?

Magdalena Grothe, Ana-Simona Manu and Toma Tomov

2025, volume 7

Hitting record highs: unpacking support for the euro

Ferdinand Dreher, Niklas Jütting and Hanni Schölermann

Not all prices disinflate alike: disentangling the dynamics of sticky and flexible-price items

Christian Höynck, Elisabeth Wieland and Lourdes Maria Zulli Gandur

Main findings from the ECB’s recent contacts with non-financial companies

Friderike Kuik, Richard Morris, Moreno Roma and Michal Slavík

And yet we move: evidence on job-to-job transitions in the euro area

Daniela Arlia, Clémence Berson and Agostino Consolo

Car demand in the euro area through the lens of the ECB Consumer Expectations Survey

Roberto A. De Santis, Johannes Gareis and Luis Molestina Vivar

Shifts in OPEC+ behaviour and downside risks to oil prices

Massimo Ferrari Minesso and Arthur Stalla-Bourdillon

China’s growing trade surplus: why exports are surging as imports stall

Alexander Al-Haschimi, Natálie Dvořáková, Julien Le Roux and Tajda Spital

The heterogenous transmission of monetary policy to household credit

Dorian Henricot, Johannes Pöschl and Athanasios Tsiortas

2025, volume 6

Liquidity conditions and monetary policy operations from 23 April to 29 July 2025

Samuel Bieber and Vladimir Tsonchev

Monitoring attention to inflation in the news

Ilias Aarab, Marta Bańbura, Elena Bobeica and Emma Leguay

Are workers willing to accept pay cuts in exchange for remote working flexibility?

António Dias Da Silva and Marco Weißler

Manufacturing versus services: how frontloading and uncertainty shaped recent developments

Niccolò Battistini and Johannes Gareis

Consumer expectations and actions during the recent trade tensions

Adam Baumann, Luca Caprari, Maarten Dossche, Georgi Kocharkov and Omiros Kouvavas

How vulnerable is the euro area to restrictions on Chinese rare earth exports?

Mattia Banin, Mario D'Agostino, Vanessa Gunnella and Laura Lebastard

2025, volume 5

Uncertainty in seasonally adjusted services inflation: the role of Easter and travel

Martin Eiglsperger, Mario Porqueddu and Elisabeth Wieland

Real wage catch-up in the euro area

Colm Bates, Katalin Bodnár, Vasco Botelho and Flavie Rousseau

Main findings from the ECB’s recent contacts with non-financial companies

Alexandros Melemenidis, Richard Morris and Moreno Roma

What does increasing competition from China mean for euro area employment?

Clémence Berson, Claudia Foroni, Vanessa Gunnella and Laura Lebastard

Consumer confidence and household consumption decisions

Adam Baumann, Luca Caprari, Maarten Dossche, Georgi Kocharkov and Omiros Kouvavas

Fiscal aspects of European defence spending: implications for euro area macroeconomic projections and associated risks

Cristina Checherita-Westphal, Christian Huber, Marta Rodríguez-Vives and Georg Müller

2025, volume 4

Liquidity conditions and monetary policy operations from 5 February to 22 April 2025

Samuel Bieber and Anne-Lise Nguyen

Determinants of inflation expectations of firms in the SAFE

Annalisa Ferrando, Sara Lamboglia and Judit Rariga

Financial market volatility and economic policy uncertainty: bridging the gap

Giulia Martorana and Jakub Mistak

Where do we stand with inflationary pressures arising from price resetting?

Katalin Bodnár, Andrea Fabbri, Ieva Rubene and Zivile Zekaite

The outlook for euro area business investment – findings from an ECB survey of large firms

Malin Andersson, Valerie Jarvis, Gwenaël Le Breton and Richard Morris

US trade policies and the activity of US multinational enterprises in the euro area

Lorenz Emter, Michael Fidora, Fausto Pastoris, Martin Schmitz and Tobias Schuler

US financial conditions and their link to economic activity: the role of equity valuations

Cajsa Klass and Ana-Simona Manu

2025, volume 3

The macroeconomic impact of euro area discretionary fiscal policy measures since the start of the pandemic

Elena Angelini, Krzysztof Bańkowski, Cristina Checherita-Westphal, Philip Muggenthaler-Gerathewohl and Srecko Zimic

Introducing statistical in-house credit assessment systems (S-ICASs) as an additional source of credit assessments under the general collateral framework

Claudia Duarte, Janina Engel, Oleg Reichmann and Tomislav Džaja

The 2021-24 inflation surge through the lens of the ECB-BASE model

Elena Angelini, Matthieu Darracq Paries and Srecko Zimic

Long-term inflation expectations of consumers: an overview

Pedro Baptista, Colm Bates, Omiros Kouvavas, Justus Meyer and Katia Werkmeister

Main findings from the ECB’s recent contacts with non-financial companies

Gabe de Bondt, Richard Morris and Moreno Roma

Who wants to work more? Revisiting the decline in average hours worked

Clémence Berson and Marco Weißler

The implications of US-China trade tensions for the euro area – lessons from the tariffs imposed by the first Trump Administration

Vanessa Gunnella, Giovanni Stamato and Alicja Kobayashi

Challenges to the resilience of US corporate bond spreads

Mar Domenech Palacios and Martina Jančoková

2025, volume 2

Liquidity conditions and monetary policy operations from 23 October 2024 to 4 February 2025

Samuel Bieber and Vladimir Tsonchev

Insights from banks and firms on euro area credit conditions: a comparison based on ECB surveys

Maria Dimou, Annalisa Ferrando, Petra Köhler-Ulbrich and Judit Rariga

Understanding the relative development of goods and services inflation

Catalina Martínez Hernández, Mario Porqueddu, Blanca Prat I Bayarri and Lourdes Maria Zulli Gandur

Euro area rent developments: insights from the CES

Colm Bates, Christian Höynck, Omiros Kouvavas, Desislava Rusinova and Larissa Zimmermann

Using corporate earnings calls to forecast euro area labour demand

Claudia Foroni and Christofer Schroeder

The increasing energy demand of artificial intelligence and its impact on commodity prices

Vlad Burian and Arthur Stalla-Bourdillon

Have euro area exports missed the tech train?

Mattia Banin, Virginia Di Nino, Laura Lebastard, Noémie Lecourt and Stefan Schaefer

Business investment: why is the euro area lagging behind the United States?

Malin Andersson, Valerie Jarvis and Michel Soudan