Economic Bulletin Boxes

2017 - 2026

From European Central Bank
60640 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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2025, volume 4

Liquidity conditions and monetary policy operations from 5 February to 22 April 2025

Samuel Bieber and Anne-Lise Nguyen

Determinants of inflation expectations of firms in the SAFE

Annalisa Ferrando, Sara Lamboglia and Judit Rariga

Financial market volatility and economic policy uncertainty: bridging the gap

Giulia Martorana and Jakub Mistak

Where do we stand with inflationary pressures arising from price resetting?

Katalin Bodnár, Andrea Fabbri, Ieva Rubene and Zivile Zekaite

The outlook for euro area business investment – findings from an ECB survey of large firms

Malin Andersson, Valerie Jarvis, Gwenaël Le Breton and Richard Morris

US trade policies and the activity of US multinational enterprises in the euro area

Lorenz Emter, Michael Fidora, Fausto Pastoris, Martin Schmitz and Tobias Schuler

US financial conditions and their link to economic activity: the role of equity valuations

Cajsa Klass and Ana-Simona Manu

2025, volume 3

The macroeconomic impact of euro area discretionary fiscal policy measures since the start of the pandemic

Elena Angelini, Krzysztof Bańkowski, Cristina Checherita-Westphal, Philip Muggenthaler-Gerathewohl and Srecko Zimic

Introducing statistical in-house credit assessment systems (S-ICASs) as an additional source of credit assessments under the general collateral framework

Claudia Duarte, Janina Engel, Oleg Reichmann and Tomislav Džaja

The 2021-24 inflation surge through the lens of the ECB-BASE model

Elena Angelini, Matthieu Darracq Paries and Srecko Zimic

Long-term inflation expectations of consumers: an overview

Pedro Baptista, Colm Bates, Omiros Kouvavas, Justus Meyer and Katia Werkmeister

Main findings from the ECB’s recent contacts with non-financial companies

Gabe de Bondt, Richard Morris and Moreno Roma

Who wants to work more? Revisiting the decline in average hours worked

Clémence Berson and Marco Weißler

The implications of US-China trade tensions for the euro area – lessons from the tariffs imposed by the first Trump Administration

Vanessa Gunnella, Giovanni Stamato and Alicja Kobayashi

Challenges to the resilience of US corporate bond spreads

Mar Domenech Palacios and Martina Jančoková

2025, volume 2

Liquidity conditions and monetary policy operations from 23 October 2024 to 4 February 2025

Samuel Bieber and Vladimir Tsonchev

Insights from banks and firms on euro area credit conditions: a comparison based on ECB surveys

Maria Dimou, Annalisa Ferrando, Petra Köhler-Ulbrich and Judit Rariga

Understanding the relative development of goods and services inflation

Catalina Martínez Hernández, Mario Porqueddu, Blanca Prat I Bayarri and Lourdes Maria Zulli Gandur

Euro area rent developments: insights from the CES

Colm Bates, Christian Höynck, Omiros Kouvavas, Desislava Rusinova and Larissa Zimmermann

Using corporate earnings calls to forecast euro area labour demand

Claudia Foroni and Christofer Schroeder

The increasing energy demand of artificial intelligence and its impact on commodity prices

Vlad Burian and Arthur Stalla-Bourdillon

Have euro area exports missed the tech train?

Mattia Banin, Virginia Di Nino, Laura Lebastard, Noémie Lecourt and Stefan Schaefer

Business investment: why is the euro area lagging behind the United States?

Malin Andersson, Valerie Jarvis and Michel Soudan

2025, volume 1

Natural rate estimates for the euro area: insights, uncertainties and shortcomings

Claus Brand, Noëmie Lisack and Falk Mazelis

From press conferences to speeches: the impact of the ECB’s monetary policy communication

Yıldız Akkaya, Lea Bitter, Adriana Grasso and Brian Amorim Cabaco

Changes to the Eurosystem collateral framework to foster greater harmonisation

Diana Gomes, Stephan Sauer, Ioana Alexopoulou, Calogero Brancatelli and Daniel Gybas

Main findings from the ECB’s recent contacts with non-financial companies

Franziska Maruhn, Richard Morris and Michal Slavík

The economic impact of floods

Guzmán González-Torres Fernández and Miles Parker

The role of demographics in recent developments in the unemployment rate

Clémence Berson, António Dias Da Silva and Marco Weißler

Are real incomes increasing or not? Household perceptions and their role for consumption

Adam Baumann, Luca Caprari, Georgi Kocharkov and Omiros Kouvavas

The outlook for services inflation in the United States and the United Kingdom

Filippo Arigoni, Baptiste Meunier, Isabella Moder and Adrian Schmith

2024, volume 8

Monetary dynamics during the tightening cycle

Ramón Adalid, Max Lampe and Silvia Scopel

Net interest income of households and firms

Gabe de Bondt, Georgi Krustev, Michal Slavík and Mika Tujula

Liquidity conditions and monetary policy operations from 2 August to 31 October 2023

Denis Lungu and Kristian Tötterman

A primer on measuring household income

Johannes Gareis, Omiros Kouvavas and Pedro Neves

Monetary policy and the recent slowdown in manufacturing and services

Niccolò Battistini and Johannes Gareis

Potential output in times of temporary supply shocks

Guzmán González-Torres Fernández, José Emilio Gumiel and Béla Szörfi

Geopolitical risk and oil prices

Massimo Ferrari Minesso, Marie-Sophie Lappe and Denise Rößler

US Treasury market conditions and global market reactions to US monetary policy

Magdalena Grothe, Ana-Simona Manu and Peter McQuade

2024, volume 7

Euro area fiscal position in 2024

Cristina Checherita-Westphal, Sebastian Hauptmeier, Nadine Leiner-Killinger and Philip Muggenthaler-Gerathewohl

Decoding revisions in policy rate expectations: insights from the Survey of Monetary Analysts

Yıldız Akkaya and Boryana Ilieva

The performance of Eurosystem/ECB staff projections for economic growth since the COVID-19 pandemic

Adrian Page

What consumers think is the main driver of recent inflation: changes in perceptions over time

Pedro Baptista, Colm Bates, Omiros Kouvavas, Pedro Neves and Katia Werkmeister

Main findings from the ECB’s recent contacts with non-financial companies

Gwenaël Le Breton, Richard Morris and Moreno Roma

The impact of special-purpose entities on euro area cross-border financial linkages

Lorenz Emter, Fausto Pastoris, Carmen Picón Aguilar and Martin Schmitz

The link between oil prices and the US dollar: evidence and economic implications

Martino Ricci

Geopolitical fragmentation in global and euro area greenfield foreign direct investment

Lukas Boeckelmann, Lorenz Emter, Isabella Moder, Giacomo Pongetti and Tajda Spital

2024, volume 6

Money and credit dynamics in the euro area and a comparison with the United States

Ramón Adalid, Silvia Scopel, Lucía Kazarian and Davide Malacrino

Liquidity conditions and monetary policy operations from 17 April to 23 July 2024

Samuel Bieber and Christian Lizarazo

Recent developments in wages and the role of wage drift

Colm Bates, Katalin Bodnár and Kathinka Schlieker

Findings from a survey of leading firms on labour market trends and the adoption of generative AI

Agostino Consolo, Guzmán González-Torres Fernández, Richard Morris and Christofer Schroeder

Why are euro area households still gloomy and what are the implications for private consumption?

Alina Bobasu, Johannes Gareis and Dario Esposito

Accounting for nature in euro area economic activity

Mariana Martins Cardoso and Miles Parker

Labour productivity growth in the euro area and the United States: short and long-term developments

António Dias Da Silva, Paola Di Casola, Ramon Gomez-Salvador and Matthias Mohr