Economic Commentary

1982 - 2026

From Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland
Contact information at EDIRC.
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2023, issue 19, vol 2023

Excess Savings and Consumer Behavior: Excess Compared to What? pp. 10

Martin DeLuca and Roberto Pinheiro

2023, issue 18, vol 2023

Implications of Bank Equity Price Declines for Inflation pp. 6

Ina Hajdini

2023, issue 17, vol 2023

The Long-Run Costs of Higher Inflation

Martin DeLuca and Jean-Paul L'Huillier

2023, issue 15, vol 2023

COVID-19 and Education: An Updated Survey of the Research pp. 5

Peter Hinrichs

2023, issue 14, vol 2023

Financial Stability: Frontier Risks, a New Normal, and Policy Challenges pp. 5

Joseph Haubrich

2023, issue 13, vol 2023

Postpandemic Nominal Wage Growth: Inflation Pass-Through or Labor Market Imbalance? pp. 6

Martin DeLuca and Willem Van Zandweghe

2023, issue 12, vol 2023

Monetary Policy since the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Path-Dependent Interpretation pp. 8

Christopher Healy and Chengcheng Jia

2023, issue 11, vol 2023

The Anchoring of US Inflation Expectations Since 2012 pp. 7

Kristoph Naggert, Robert Rich and Joseph Tracy

2023, issue 10, vol 2023

The Survey of Firms’ Inflation Expectations pp. 7

Christian Garciga, Edward Knotek, Mathieu Pedemonte and Taylor Shiroff

2023, issue 09, vol 2023

The Effect of Higher Financing Costs on Job Openings and Online Job Postings pp. 7

Adiah Bailey and Victor Hernandez Martinez

2023, issue 08, vol 2023

The Impacts of Supply Chain Disruptions on Inflation pp. 8

Todd Clark and Matthew Gordon

2023, issue 07, vol 2023

Trend Inflation and Implications for the Phillips Curve pp. 6

Ina Hajdini

2023, issue 06, vol 2023

A Real-Time Assessment of Inflation Nowcasting at the Cleveland Fed pp. 8

Edward Knotek and Saeed Zaman

2023, issue 05, vol 2023

Increasing the (Female) Labor Supply

Lara Loewenstein

2023, issue 04, vol 2023

US Labor Market after COVID-19: An Interim Report pp. 7

Martin DeLuca and Roberto Pinheiro

2023, issue 03, vol 2023

Racial Differences in Returns on Business Ownership pp. 6

Jacob Hager and Baris Kaymak

2023, issue 02, vol 2023

Job Loss Consequences and the Pandemic Recession pp. 9

Angela Guo, Pawel Krolikowski and Meifeng Yang

2023, issue 01, vol 2023

The Discrepancy Between Expenditure- and Income-Side Estimates of US Output pp. 7

Kurt Lunsford

2022, issue 17, vol 2022

An Update on Wealth Mobility pp. 6

Daniel Carroll and Ross Cohen-Kristiansen

2022, issue 16, vol 2022

Student debt incidence: recent data and conceptual issues

Jordan Manes, Emily Moschini and Tom Phelan

2022, issue 15, vol 2022

The Great Resignation and the Paycheck Protection Program pp. 5

Aysegul Sahin and Murat Tasci

2022, issue 14, vol 2022

A New Measure of Consumers’ (In)Attention to Inflation pp. 7

Hana Braitsch and James Mitchell

2022, issue 13, vol 2022

How Should Monetary Policy Respond to a Contraction in Labor Supply? pp. 5

Takushi Kurozumi and Willem Van Zandweghe

2022, issue 12, vol 2022

Making Sense of Eviction Trends during the Pandemic pp. 8

Hal Martin

2022, issue 11, vol 2022

Mortgage Borrowers’ Use of COVID-19 Forbearance Programs pp. 7

Lara Loewenstein and Bezankeng Njinju

2022, issue 10, vol 2022

Means-Tested Transfers, Asset Limits, and Universal Basic Income pp. 8

Cornelius Johnson and André Victor Doherty Luduvice

2022, issue 09, vol 2022

Why Worry about Financial Exclusion? pp. 10

Paola Boel and Peter Zimmerman

2022, issue 08, vol 2022

Planning for Surprises, Learning from Crises: The 2021 Financial Stability Conference pp. 5

Joseph Haubrich

2022, issue 07, vol 2022

Unbanked in America: A Review of the Literature pp. 10

Paola Boel and Peter Zimmerman

2022, issue 06, vol 2022

Understanding Which Prices Affect Inflation Expectations pp. 7

Chris Campos, Michael McMain and Mathieu Pedemonte

2022, issue 05, vol 2022

Adjusting Median and Trimmed-Mean Inflation Rates for Bias Based on Skewness pp. 7

Robert Rich, Randal Verbrugge and Saeed Zaman

2022, issue 04, vol 2022

Access to Credit for Small and Minority-Owned Businesses pp. 6

Brent Meyer and Mark Schweitzer

2022, issue 03, vol 2022

Indirect Consumer Inflation Expectations pp. 9

Ina Hajdini, Edward Knotek, John Leer, Mathieu Pedemonte, Robert Rich and Raphael Schoenle

2022, issue 02, vol 2022

Average Inflation Targeting in a Low-Rate Environment pp. 6

Chengcheng Jia

2022, issue 01, vol 2022

Underemployment Following the Great Recession and the COVID-19 Recession pp. 6

Daniela Dean Avila and Kurt Lunsford

2021, issue 23, vol 2021

What’s Holding Back Employment in the Recovery from the COVID-19 Pandemic? pp. 8

Mark Schweitzer and Rachel Widra

2021, issue 22, vol 2021

Evaluating Homeownership as the Solution to Wealth Inequality pp. 7

Daniel Carroll and Ross Cohen-Kristiansen

2021, issue 21, vol 2021

Boomerang Kids in the Pandemic: How High-Income Families Are Their Own Safety Net pp. 7

André Victor Doherty Luduvice and Rachel Widra

2021, issue 20, vol 2021

PPP Loans & State-level Employment Growth pp. 7

Bezankeng Njinju and Murat Tasci

2021, issue 19, vol 2021

Whose Inflation Expectations Best Predict Inflation? pp. 7

Randal Verbrugge and Saeed Zaman

2021, issue 18, vol 2021

The Racial Wealth Gap and Access to Opportunity Neighborhoods pp. 5

Dionissi Aliprantis, Daniel Carroll and Eric Young

2021, issue 17, vol 2021

Semiconductor Shortages and Vehicle Production and Prices pp. 7

Pawel Krolikowski and Kristoph Naggert

2021, issue 16, vol 2021

Why Has Durable Goods Spending Been So Strong during the COVID-19 Pandemic? pp. 6

Kristen Tauber and Willem Van Zandweghe

2021, issue 15, vol 2021

Why Wasn’t there a Nonbank Mortgage Servicer Liquidity Crisis? pp. 7

Lara Loewenstein

2021, issue 14, vol 2021

How the Pandemic Has Reshaped Economic Inclusion in the United States pp. 6

Emily Dohrman and Mark Schweitzer

2021, issue 13, vol 2021

How Well Did PPP Loans Reach Low- and Moderate-Income Communities? pp. 5

Garrett Borawski and Mark Schweitzer

2021, issue 12, vol 2021

How Sure Can We Be about a COVID-19 Test Result if the Tests Are Not Perfectly Accurate? pp. 4

Allan Dizioli and Roberto Pinheiro

2021, issue 11, vol 2021

Expected Post-Pandemic Consumption and Scarred Expectations from COVID-19 pp. 8

Alexander Dietrich, Edward Knotek, Michael McMain, Kristian Ove R. Myrseth, Raphael Schoenle and Michael Weber

2021, issue 10, vol 2021

Two Approaches to Predicting the Path of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Is One Better? pp. 8

Ben Craig, Thomas Phelan, Jan-Peter Siedlarek and Jared Steinberg

2021, issue 09, vol 2021

Flexible Average Inflation Targeting and Inflation Expectations: A Look at the Reaction by Professional Forecasters pp. 7

Kristoph Naggert, Robert Rich and Joseph Tracy

2021, issue 08, vol 2021

Which Industries Received PPP Loans? pp. 8

Garrett Borawski and Mark Schweitzer

2021, issue 07, vol 2021

Stress, Contagion, and Transmission: 2020 Financial Stability Conference pp. 5

Joseph Haubrich

2021, issue 06, vol 2021

Economic Inclusion 2000–2020: Labor Market Trends by Race in the US and States pp. 11

Kyle Fee

2021, issue 05, vol 2021

Modeling Behavioral Responses to COVID-19 pp. 6

Ben Craig, Thomas Phelan and Jan-Peter Siedlarek

2021, issue 04, vol 2021

COVID-19 and Education: A Survey of the Research pp. 6

Peter Hinrichs

2021, issue 03, vol 2021

Inflation: Drivers and Dynamics 2020 CEBRA Annual Meeting Session Summary pp. 3

Edward Knotek, Michael Lamla, Emanuel Moench, Robert Rich, Raphael Schoenle and Michael Weber

2021, issue 02, vol 2021

Inflation: Drivers and Dynamics 2020 Conference Summary pp. 7

Philippe Andrade, Marco Del Negro, Colin Hottman, Christian Hoynck, Edward Knotek, Matthias Meier, Robert Rich, Elisa Rubbo, Raphael Schoenle, Daniel Villar Vallenas and Michael Weber