Details about Albert N. Link

Workplace:

Economics Department, Bryan School of Business and Economics, University of North Carolina-Greensboro, (more information at EDIRC)

Access statistics for papers by Albert N. Link.

Last updated 2025-06-08. Update your information in the RePEc Author Service.

Short-id: pli161

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Working Papers

2023

1. Bringing Technology to Market: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute SBIR Phase IIB Projects
   UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
   See also Journal Article Bringing technology to market: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute SBIR Phase IIB projects, Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press (2024) (2024)
2. Enhancing the Knowledge Economy: A Cross-Country Study of Knowledge Creation
   UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
   See also Journal Article Enhancing the Knowledge Economy: a Cross-Country Study of Knowledge Creation, Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer (2024) (2024)
3. Gender and Innovation at the U.S. National Institutes of Health
   UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
   See also Journal Article Gender and innovation at the US National Institutes of Health, Small Business Economics, Springer (2023) (2023)
4. Identifying the Emergence of Academic Entrepreneurship within the Technology Transfer Literature
   UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (2)
   See also Journal Article Identifying the emergence of academic entrepreneurship within the technology transfer literature, The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer (2023) View citations (2) (2023)
5. Innovative Activity and Ethnic Dynamics: An Exploratory Study of Homophilic Relationships among Minority Entrepreneurs
   UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
   See also Journal Article Innovative activity and ethnic dynamics: an exploratory study of homophilic relationships among minority entrepreneurs, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer (2024) (2024)
6. R&D and Regional Competitiveness: A Study of Global Entrepreneurial Firms
   UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
   See also Journal Article R&D and regional competitiveness: a study of global entrepreneurial firms, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer (2023) View citations (1) (2023)
7. The Transfer of Federally Funded Technology: A Study of Small, Entrepreneurial, and Ambidextrous Firms
   UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (2)
   See also Journal Article The transfer of federally funded technology: A study of small, entrepreneurial, and ambidextrous firms, Small Business Economics, Springer (2024) (2024)

2022

8. An Assessment and Evaluation of the U.S. Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program
   UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
9. An Assessment of the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program: A Study of Project Failure
   UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (3)
   See also Journal Article An assessment of the US Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program: A study of project failure, Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press (2022) View citations (6) (2022)
10. An Economic Analysis of Standard Reference Materials
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article An economic analysis of standard reference materials, The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer (2022) (2022)
11. Editorial Quandaries During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Personal Exposé
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
12. Knowledge-Based Information and the Effectiveness of R&D in Small Firms
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article Knowledge-based information and the effectiveness of R&D in small firms, Small Business Economics, Springer (2023) (2023)
13. Public Support for Research in Artificial Intelligence: A Descriptive Study of U.S. Department of Defense SBIR Projects
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (7)
    See also Journal Article Public support for research in artificial intelligence: a descriptive study of U.S. Department of Defense SBIR Projects, The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer (2022) View citations (6) (2022)
14. The Spatial Distribution of Public Support for AI Research
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (3)
    See also Journal Article The spatial distribution of public support for AI research, Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press (2022) View citations (3) (2022)

2021

15. Knowledge Transfers from Federally Funded Research and Development Centers
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (5)
    See also Journal Article Knowledge Transfers from Federally Funded Research and Development Centers, Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press (2021) View citations (5) (2021)
16. Public Sector Entrepreneurship, Politics, and Innovation
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article Public sector entrepreneurship, politics, and innovation, Small Business Economics, Springer (2022) View citations (1) (2022)
17. Public Support of Innovative Activity in Small and Large Firms in Mexico
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article Public support of innovative activity in small and large firms in Mexico, Small Business Economics, Springer (2022) View citations (2) (2022)
18. Technology Transfer at U.S. Federal Laboratories: R&D --> Disclosures --> Patent Applications
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
    See also Chapter Technology Transfer at U.S. Federal Laboratories: R&D Disclosures Patent Applications, International Studies in Entrepreneurship, Springer (2021) View citations (1) (2021)
19. The Economics of Metrology
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
20. The Publicness of Publicly Funded Research
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article The publicness of publicly funded research, Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press (2021) View citations (1) (2021)

2020

21. From Discovery to Commercialization: Accretive Intellectual Property Strategies among Small, Knowledge-Based Firms
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article From discovery to commercialization: accretive intellectual property strategies among small, knowledge-based firms, Small Business Economics, Springer (2022) View citations (3) (2022)
22. Going Public with Public Money
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article Going public with public money, Small Business Economics, Springer (2021) View citations (6) (2021)
23. Governance Mechanisms Enabling Inter-Organizational Adaptation: Lessons from Grand Challenge R&D Programs
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article Governance mechanisms enabling inter-organizational adaptation: Lessons from grand challenge R&D programs, Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press (2020) View citations (3) (2020)
24. Invention Disclosures and the Slowdown of Scientific Knowledge
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
25. Investments in R&D and Innovative Behavior: An Exploratory Cross-Country Study
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article Investments in R&D and innovative behavior: an exploratory cross-country study, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer (2021) View citations (1) (2021)
26. Knowledge Transfers from Federally Supported R&D
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article Knowledge transfers from federally supported R&D, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer (2021) View citations (1) (2021)
27. Latent Technology as an Outcome of R&D
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article Latent technology as an outcome of R&D, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier (2021) View citations (4) (2021)
28. Scientific Publications at U.S. Federal Research Laboratories
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article Scientific publications at U.S. federal research laboratories, Scientometrics, Springer (2021) View citations (4) (2021)
29. The Impact of the Third Sector of R&D on the Innovative Performance of Entrepreneurial Firms
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (6)
    See also Journal Article The impact of the third sector of R&D on the innovative performance of entrepreneurial firms, Small Business Economics, Springer (2021) View citations (3) (2021)
30. The Use of Intellectual Property Protection Mechanisms by Publicly Supported Firms
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (2)
    See also Journal Article The use of intellectual property protection mechanisms by publicly supported firms, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals (2022) View citations (2) (2022)

2019

31. A Public Sector Knowledge Production Function
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (5)
    See also Journal Article A public sector knowledge production function, Economics Letters, Elsevier (2019) View citations (5) (2019)
32. Advancing Conceptualization of University Entrepreneurship Ecosystems: The Role of Knowledge-based Entrepreneurial Firms
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (18)
33. Creativity-Enhancing Technological Change in the Production of Scientific Knowledge*
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (7)
    See also Journal Article Creativity-enhancing technological change in the production of scientific knowledge, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals (2020) View citations (5) (2020)
34. Exploring the Impact of R&D on Patenting Activity in Small Women-Owned and Minority-Owned Entrepreneurial Firms
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (6)
    See also Journal Article Exploring the impact of R&D on patenting activity in small women-owned and minority-owned entrepreneurial firms, Small Business Economics, Springer (2020) View citations (7) (2020)
35. Innovative Activity and Gender Dynamics
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (6)
    See also Journal Article Innovative activity and gender dynamics, Small Business Economics, Springer (2021) View citations (13) (2021)
36. Intellectual Property Protection Mechanisms and the Characteristics of Founding Teams
    JRC Working Papers on Corporate R&D and Innovation, Joint Research Centre View citations (4)
    See also Journal Article Intellectual property protection mechanisms and the characteristics of founding teams, Scientometrics, Springer (2021) View citations (3) (2021)
37. Knowledge Begets Knowledge: Knowledge Spillovers and the Output of Scientific Papers from U.S. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Projects
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (11)
38. On the Transfer of Technology from Universities: The Impact of the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 on the Institutionalization of University Research
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (19)
    See also Journal Article On the transfer of technology from universities: The impact of the Bayh–Dole Act of 1980 on the institutionalization of university research, European Economic Review, Elsevier (2019) View citations (18) (2019)
39. Technological Change in the Production of New Scientific Knowledge: A Second Look
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (9)
    See also Journal Article Technological change in the production of new scientific knowledge: a second look, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals (2021) View citations (6) (2021)
40. Technology Transfer at the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (5)
41. The Economic Benefits of Technology Transfer from U.S. Federal Laboratories
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (19)
    See also Journal Article The economic benefits of technology transfer from U.S. federal laboratories, The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer (2019) View citations (22) (2019)
42. The Fountain of Knowledge: An Epistemological Perspective on the Growth of U.S. SBIR-Funded Firms
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (7)
    See also Journal Article The fountain of knowledge: an epistemological perspective on the growth of U.S. SBIR-funded firms, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer (2019) View citations (7) (2019)

2018

43. Employment in China's Hi-Tech Zones
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article Employment in China’s hi-tech zones, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer (2018) (2018)
44. Entrepreneurship and Knowledge Spillovers from the Public Sector
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (5)
    See also Journal Article Entrepreneurship and knowledge spillovers from the public sector, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer (2019) View citations (12) (2019)
45. Geographic Proximity and Science Parks
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (3)
46. Innovation Capital
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article Innovation capital, The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer (2018) (2018)
47. Propensity to Patent and Firm Size for Small R&D-Intensive Firms
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (17)
    See also Journal Article Propensity to Patent and Firm Size for Small R&D-Intensive Firms, Review of Industrial Organization, Springer (2018) View citations (16) (2018)
48. Rethinking Public Funding of Biomedical Science
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
49. The Impact of Public R&D Investments on Patenting Activity: Technology Transfer at the U.S> Environmental Protection Agency
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (2)
    See also Journal Article The impact of public R&D investments on patenting activity: technology transfer at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals (2019) View citations (12) (2019)
50. The Regional Economic Impacts of University Research and Science Parks
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article The Regional Economic Impacts of University Research and Science Parks, Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer (2020) View citations (3) (2020)
51. The Theory and Practice of Program Evaluation
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (2)
52. U.S. Federal Laboratories and their Research Partners: A Quantitative Case Study
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (12)
    See also Journal Article U.S. federal laboratories and their research partners: a quantitative case study, Scientometrics, Springer (2018) View citations (12) (2018)

2017

53. An Oasis of Knowledge: The Early History of Gateway University Research Park
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (3)
    See also Journal Article An Oasis of Knowledge: the Early History of Gateway University Research Park, Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer (2019) View citations (1) (2019)
54. Dynamic Entrepreneurship: On the Performance of U.S. Research Joint Ventures
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (6)
    See also Journal Article Dynamic entrepreneurship: On the performance of U.S. research joint ventures, Small Business Economics, Springer (2017) View citations (6) (2017)
55. Embracing an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: An Analysis of the Governance of Research Joint Ventures
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (12)
    See also Journal Article Embracing an entrepreneurial ecosystem: an analysis of the governance of research joint ventures, Small Business Economics, Springer (2019) View citations (15) (2019)
56. On the Failure of Scientific Research: An Analysis of SBIR Projects Funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (9)
    See also Journal Article On the failure of scientific research: an analysis of SBIR projects funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health, Scientometrics, Springer (2017) View citations (10) (2017)
57. On the Growth of Korean Technoparks
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (10)
    See also Journal Article On the growth of Korean technoparks, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer (2018) View citations (3) (2018)
58. Science and Technology Parks: An Annotated and Analytical Literature Review
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (42)
    See also Journal Article Science and technology parks: an annotated and analytical literature review, The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer (2017) View citations (45) (2017)
59. Sources of Knowledge Used by Entrepreneurial Firms in the European High-Tech Sector
    JRC Working Papers on Corporate R&D and Innovation, Joint Research Centre View citations (1)
    Also in UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2017) View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article Sources of knowledge used by entrepreneurial firms in the European high-tech sector, Eurasian Business Review, Springer (2018) View citations (18) (2018)
60. The Growth of U.S. Science and Technology Parks: Does Proximity to a University Matter?
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (7)
    See also Journal Article The growth of US science and technology parks: does proximity to a university matter?, The Annals of Regional Science, Springer (2017) View citations (15) (2017)
61. The Structure and Performance of U.S. Research Joint Ventures: Inferences and Implications from the Advanced Technology Program
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (3)
    See also Journal Article The structure and performance of U.S. research joint ventures: inferences and implications from the Advanced Technology Program, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals (2018) (2018)
62. Toward an Assessment of the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program at the National Institutes of Health
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
63. Under the AEGIS∗ of knowledge intensive entrepreneurship: Employment growth and gender of founders among European Firms
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)

2016

64. Dynamic Entrepreneurship and Technology-Based Innovation
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (23)
    See also Journal Article Dynamic entrepreneurship and technology-based innovation, Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer (2016) View citations (23) (2016)
65. Exploring the Effectiveness of Research and Innovation Policies among European Union Countries
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (13)
    See also Journal Article Exploring the effectiveness of research and innovation policies among European Union countries, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer (2016) View citations (13) (2016)

2015

66. Making Sense of the Elusive Paradigm of Entrepreneurship
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (50)
67. On the Economic Performance of Nascent Entrepreneurs
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (5)
    See also Journal Article On the economic performance of nascent entrepreneurs, European Economic Review, Elsevier (2016) View citations (8) (2016)
68. On the Failure of R&D Projects
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (6)
69. R&D as an Investment in Knowledge Based Capital
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article R&D as an investment in knowledge based capital, Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer (2016) View citations (15) (2016)
70. Strategic Alliances: An Introductory Framework
    Department of Economics and Statistics Cognetti de Martiis. Working Papers, University of Turin
    Also in Department of Economics and Statistics Cognetti de Martiis LEI & BRICK - Laboratory of Economics of Innovation "Franco Momigliano", Bureau of Research in Innovation, Complexity and Knowledge, Collegio Carlo Alberto. WP series, University of Turin (2015)
71. Technology-Based Growth Policies: The Case of North Carolina’s Green Business Fund
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (3)
72. The Gender Gap in Federal and Private Support for Entrepreneurship
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (15)

2014

73. Competitive Advantages from University Research Parks
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
74. Fostering University‐Industry R&D Collaborations in European Union Countries
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (7)
75. Ideation, Entrepreneurship, and Innovation
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article Ideation, entrepreneurship, and innovation, Small Business Economics, Springer (2017) View citations (5) (2017)
76. On the Economic Impact of University Proof of Concept Centers
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article On the economic impact of university proof of concept centers, The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer (2015) View citations (19) (2015)
77. The Impact of Public Investment in Medical Imaging Technology: An Interagency Collaboration in Evaluation
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article The impact of public investment in medical imaging technology: an interagency collaboration in evaluation, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals (2015) View citations (1) (2015)
78. Toward a Theory of the Entrepreneurial Process
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article Toward a theory of the entrepreneurial process, Small Business Economics, Springer (2015) View citations (6) (2015)
79. Toward an Assessment of Impacts from U.S. Technology and Innovation Policies
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (4)
    See also Journal Article Toward an assessment of impacts from US technology and innovation policies, Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press (2015) View citations (5) (2015)

2013

80. A Theoretical Analysis of the Role of Social Networks in Entrepreneurship
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (6)
    See also Journal Article A theoretical analysis of the role of social networks in entrepreneurship, Research Policy, Elsevier (2014) View citations (56) (2014)
81. Bending the Arc of Innovation: Public Support of R&D in Small, Entrepreneurial Firms
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (5)
    See also Book Bending the Arc of Innovation: Public Support of R&D in Small, Entrepreneurial Firms, Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy, Palgrave Macmillan (2013) View citations (5) (2013)
82. Building the Economics of Knowledge: A Roadmap
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
83. Gender Differences in Access to Private Investment Funding to Support the Development of New Technologies
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (2)
84. Models and Methods of University Technology Transfer
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (83)
85. Private Investment to Support New Technologies: Quantifying Gender Differences
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
86. Proof of Concept Centers in the United States: An Exploratory Look
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (26)
    See also Journal Article Proof of Concept Centers in the United States: an exploratory look, The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer (2013) View citations (27) (2013)
87. Public R&D Subsidies, Outside Private Support, and Employment Growth
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (23)
    See also Journal Article Public R&D subsidies, outside private support, and employment growth, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals (2013) View citations (23) (2013)
88. The Division of Policy Research and Analysis at the National Science Foundation: Its Support of Research on the Returns to R&D
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
89. U.S. Research Joint Ventures with International Partners
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (2)

2012

90. How the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program Matters
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
91. Knowledge Spillovers, Collective Entrepreneurship, & Economic Growth: The Role of Universities
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
92. On the Social Value of Quality: An Economic Evaluation of the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article On the social value of quality: An economic evaluation of the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program, Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press (2012) (2012)
93. Private Equity and the Innovation Strategies of Entrepreneurial Firms: Empirical Evidence from the Small Business Innovation Research Program
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (2)
    Also in NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2012) View citations (3)
    See also Journal Article Private Equity and the Innovation Strategies of Entrepreneurial Firms: Empirical Evidence from the Small Business Innovation Research Program, Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (2014) View citations (10) (2014)
94. Public Gains from Entrepreneurial Research: Inferences about the Economic Value of Public Support of the Small Business Innovation Research Program
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (7)
    See also Journal Article Public gains from entrepreneurial research: Inferences about the economic value of public support of the Small Business Innovation Research program, Research Evaluation, Oxford University Press (2012) View citations (8) (2012)
    Chapter Public gains from entrepreneurial research: Inferences about the economic value of public support of the Small Business Innovation Research program, Chapters, Edward Elgar Publishing (2013) (2013)
95. Regional Appropriation of University-Based Knowledge and Technology for Economic Development
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
    See also Journal Article Regional Appropriation of University-Based Knowledge and Technology for Economic Development, Economic Development Quarterly (2013) View citations (13) (2013)
    Chapter Regional Appropriation of University-Based Knowledge and Technology for Economic Development, Chapters, Edward Elgar Publishing (2013) View citations (12) (2013)
96. The Exploitation of Publicly Funded Technology
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (12)
    See also Journal Article The exploitation of publicly funded technology, The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer (2012) View citations (12) (2012)
    Chapter The exploitation of publicly funded technology, Chapters, Edward Elgar Publishing (2013) View citations (1) (2013)
97. Universities as Research Partners in Publicly Supported Entrepreneurial Firms
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (18)
    See also Chapter Universities as research partners in publicly supported entrepreneurial firms, Chapters, Edward Elgar Publishing (2013) View citations (2) (2013)
    Journal Article Universities as research partners in publicly supported entrepreneurial firms, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals (2012) View citations (17) (2012)

2011

98. An Economic Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Investments in Vehicle Combustion Engine R&D
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
99. Collective Entrepreneurship: The Strategic Management of Research Triangle Park
    UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (6)
100. Creativity and the Family Tree: Human Capital Endowments and the Propensity of Entrepreneurs to Patent
     NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (1)
     Also in IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) (2011) View citations (1)
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2011) View citations (1)
101. Employment Growth from Public Support of Innovation in Small Firms
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (17)
     See also Journal Article Employment growth from public support of innovation in small firms, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals (2012) View citations (62) (2012)
     Chapter Employment growth from public support of innovation in small firms, Chapters, Edward Elgar Publishing (2013) (2013)
     Book Employment Growth from Public Support of Innovation in Small Firms, Books from Upjohn Press, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research (2012) View citations (62) (2012)
102. Entrepreneurship and Innovation: Public Policy Frameworks
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (4)
     See also Journal Article Entrepreneurship and innovation: public policy frameworks, The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer (2012) View citations (39) (2012)
103. From Laboratory to Market: On the Propensity of Young Inventors to Form a New Business
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (4)
     See also Journal Article From laboratory to market: on the propensity of young inventors to form a new business, Small Business Economics, Springer (2013) View citations (12) (2013)
104. Information about Information: Public Investments in Information Retrieval Research
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
     See also Journal Article Information About Information: Public Investments in Information Retrieval Research, Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer (2011) (2011)
105. Leveraging Entrepreneurship through Private Investments: Does Gender Matter?
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (2)
     See also Journal Article Leveraging entrepreneurship through private investments: does gender matter?, Small Business Economics, Springer (2013) View citations (22) (2013)
     Chapter Leveraging entrepreneurship through private investments: does gender matter?, Chapters, Edward Elgar Publishing (2013) View citations (17) (2013)
106. Public Science and Public Innovation: Assessing the Relationship between Patenting at U.S. National Laboratories and the Bayh-Dole Act
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (33)
     See also Journal Article Public science and public innovation: Assessing the relationship between patenting at U.S. National Laboratories and the Bayh-Dole Act, Research Policy, Elsevier (2011) View citations (32) (2011)
107. Research Risk and Public Policy: The Relative Research Efficiency of Government versus University Labs
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
108. Research, Science, and Technology Parks: Vehicles for Technology Transfer
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (13)
109. The Theory and Practice of Public-Sector R&D Economic Impact Analysis: The Case of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (3)
110. Thoughts about the Diversity of Evaluations
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
111. Valuing an Entrepreneurial Enterprise
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
     See also Journal Article Valuing an entrepreneurial enterprise, Small Business Economics, Springer (2012) View citations (6) (2012)
     Book Valuing an Entrepreneurial Enterprise, OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press (2012) View citations (7) (2012)

2010

112. Employment Growth from the Small Business Innovation Research Program
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics
     See also Chapter Employment growth from the Small Business Innovation Research program, Chapters, Edward Elgar Publishing (2013) (2013)
     Journal Article Employment growth from the Small Business Innovation Research program, Small Business Economics, Springer (2012) View citations (21) (2012)
113. Government as Entrepreneur: Examples from U.S. Technology Policy
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
     See also Chapter Government as entrepreneur: examples from US technology policy, Chapters, Edward Elgar Publishing (2011) (2011)
114. Universities as Research Partners
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics View citations (1)
     Also in NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2000) View citations (168)
     Department of Economics, Working Paper Series, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley (2000) View citations (168)
     Development and Comp Systems, University Library of Munich, Germany (2001) View citations (31)
     Economics Working Papers, University of California at Berkeley (2000) View citations (168)
     See also Journal Article Universities as Research Partners, The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press (2003) View citations (204) (2003)
115. Universities as Research Partners: Entrepreneurial Explorations and Exploitations
     UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics

2009

116. Public Knowledge, Private Knowledge: The Intellectual Capital of Entrepreneurs
     NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (3)
     See also Journal Article Public knowledge, private knowledge: the intellectual capital of entrepreneurs, Small Business Economics, Springer (2011) View citations (26) (2011)
     Chapter Public knowledge, private knowledge: the intellectual capital of entrepreneurs, Chapters, Edward Elgar Publishing (2013) View citations (3) (2013)

2008

117. Bringing Science to Market: Commercializing from NIH SBIR Awards
     NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (4)
     See also Chapter Bringing science to market:commercializing from NIH SBIR awards, Chapters, Edward Elgar Publishing (2013) (2013)
     Journal Article Bringing science to market: commercializing from NIH SBIR awards, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals (2009) View citations (43) (2009)

2007

118. Entrepreneurship, Innovation, and Technological Change
     Technical Reports, Brandmeyer Center for Applied Economics, School of Business, University of Kansas View citations (69)

2006

119. Biotechnology Centers and Technology-Based Economic Development
     Technical Reports, Brandmeyer Center for Applied Economics, School of Business, University of Kansas

2005

120. Economic Factors Related to the Development and Commercialization of Biotechnologies
     Technical Reports, Brandmeyer Center for Applied Economics, School of Business, University of Kansas View citations (2)

2004

121. Intellectual Property Protection Mechanisms in Research Partnerships
     Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy Group View citations (3)
     See also Journal Article Intellectual property protection mechanisms in research partnerships, Research Policy, Elsevier (2006) View citations (67) (2006)

2001

122. Barriers Inhibiting Industry from Partnering with Universities: Evidence from the Advanced Technology Program
     Development and Comp Systems, University Library of Munich, Germany View citations (138)
     Also in Economics Working Papers, University of California at Berkeley (2000) View citations (12)
     Department of Economics, Working Paper Series, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley (2000) View citations (13)
     See also Journal Article Barriers Inhibiting Industry from Partnering with Universities: Evidence from the Advanced Technology Program, The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer (2001) View citations (120) (2001)

1999

123. Assessing the Impact of Organizational Practices on the Productivity of University Technology Transfer Offices: An Exploratory Study
     NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (66)

Journal Articles

2025

1. Colors and Entrepreneurial Activities: An Exploratory Study
   Small Business Economics, 2025, 64, (4), 1671-1677
2. Surgical Robotic Technology in the United States: Growth Trends, Social Benefits, and Public Policy Initiatives
   Annals of Science and Technology Policy, 2025, 9, (2), 152-237

2024

3. Bringing technology to market: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute SBIR Phase IIB projects
   Science and Public Policy, 2024, 51, (1), 144-148
   See also Working Paper Bringing Technology to Market: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute SBIR Phase IIB Projects, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2023) (2023)
4. Enhancing the Knowledge Economy: a Cross-Country Study of Knowledge Creation
   Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2024, 15, (3), 11388-11396
   See also Working Paper Enhancing the Knowledge Economy: A Cross-Country Study of Knowledge Creation, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2023) (2023)
5. Homophilic relationships and innovative behavior
   Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2024, 33, (5), 754-755
6. Innovative activity and ethnic dynamics: an exploratory study of homophilic relationships among minority entrepreneurs
   International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2024, 20, (1), 253-264
   See also Working Paper Innovative Activity and Ethnic Dynamics: An Exploratory Study of Homophilic Relationships among Minority Entrepreneurs, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2023) View citations (1) (2023)
7. Patenting as a Public Sector Innovative Response to the Great Recession
   The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2024, 49, (3), 868-875 View citations (1)
8. SBIR mills and the U.S. Department of Defense
   The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2024, 49, (6), 2306-2335
9. Small Firm Research Supported by the National Institutes of Health’s National Cancer Institute
   Annals of Science and Technology Policy, 2024, 8, (4), 300-366
10. The transfer of federally funded technology: A study of small, entrepreneurial, and ambidextrous firms
    Small Business Economics, 2024, 62, (3), 1009-1023
    See also Working Paper The Transfer of Federally Funded Technology: A Study of Small, Entrepreneurial, and Ambidextrous Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2023) View citations (2) (2023)
11. Unanticipated consequences: concerns about the sale of taxpayer-funded technologies to foreign entities
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2024, 33, (6), 853-865

2023

12. Entrepreneurs’ Search for Sources of Knowledge
    Foundations and Trends(R) in Entrepreneurship, 2023, 19, (7), 590-663
13. Gender and innovation at the US National Institutes of Health
    Small Business Economics, 2023, 61, (4), 1543-1553
    See also Working Paper Gender and Innovation at the U.S. National Institutes of Health, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2023) (2023)
14. Identifying the emergence of academic entrepreneurship within the technology transfer literature
    The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2023, 48, (5), 1800-1812 View citations (2)
    See also Working Paper Identifying the Emergence of Academic Entrepreneurship within the Technology Transfer Literature, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2023) View citations (2) (2023)
15. Knowledge-based information and the effectiveness of R&D in small firms
    Small Business Economics, 2023, 60, (3), 891-900
    See also Working Paper Knowledge-Based Information and the Effectiveness of R&D in Small Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2022) (2022)
16. R&D and regional competitiveness: a study of global entrepreneurial firms
    International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2023, 19, (1), 369-378 View citations (1)
    See also Working Paper R&D and Regional Competitiveness: A Study of Global Entrepreneurial Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2023) View citations (1) (2023)
17. The U.S. Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program: An Assessment and an Evaluation of the Program
    Annals of Science and Technology Policy, 2023, 7, (2), 81-151
18. The economics of metrology: an exploratory study of the impact of measurement science on U.S. productivity
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2023, 32, (2), 213-222

2022

19. An assessment of the US Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program: A study of project failure
    (On the Failure of Scientific Research: An Analysis of SBIR Projects Funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health)
    Science and Public Policy, 2022, 49, (6), 972-978 View citations (6)
    See also Working Paper An Assessment of the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program: A Study of Project Failure, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2022) View citations (3) (2022)
20. An economic analysis of standard reference materials
    The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2022, 47, (6), 1847-1860
    See also Working Paper An Economic Analysis of Standard Reference Materials, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2022) (2022)
21. From discovery to commercialization: accretive intellectual property strategies among small, knowledge-based firms
    Small Business Economics, 2022, 58, (3), 1367-1377 View citations (3)
    See also Working Paper From Discovery to Commercialization: Accretive Intellectual Property Strategies among Small, Knowledge-Based Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2020) (2020)
22. Innovative behavior of minorities, women, and Immigrants
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2022, 31, (1-2), 1-2 View citations (1)
23. Public sector entrepreneurship, politics, and innovation
    Small Business Economics, 2022, 59, (2), 565-572 View citations (1)
    See also Working Paper Public Sector Entrepreneurship, Politics, and Innovation, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2021) (2021)
24. Public support for research in artificial intelligence: a descriptive study of U.S. Department of Defense SBIR Projects
    The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2022, 47, (3), 762-774 View citations (6)
    See also Working Paper Public Support for Research in Artificial Intelligence: A Descriptive Study of U.S. Department of Defense SBIR Projects, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2022) View citations (7) (2022)
25. Public support of innovative activity in small and large firms in Mexico
    Small Business Economics, 2022, 59, (1), 413-422 View citations (2)
    See also Working Paper Public Support of Innovative Activity in Small and Large Firms in Mexico, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2021) View citations (1) (2021)
26. The Returns to Publicly Funded R&D: A Study of U.S. Federally Funded Research and Development Centers
    Annals of Science and Technology Policy, 2022, 6, (3), 228-314 View citations (3)
27. The overcrowding of Zion National Park: is it a pricing problem?
    Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy, 2022, 11, (4), 351-360 View citations (2)
28. The spatial distribution of public support for AI research
    (Agglomeration and Productivity: Evidence from Firm-Level Data)
    Science and Public Policy, 2022, 49, (4), 573-579 View citations (3)
    See also Working Paper The Spatial Distribution of Public Support for AI Research, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2022) View citations (3) (2022)
29. The use of intellectual property protection mechanisms by publicly supported firms
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2022, 31, (1-2), 111-121 View citations (2)
    See also Working Paper The Use of Intellectual Property Protection Mechanisms by Publicly Supported Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2020) View citations (2) (2020)
30. Vannevar Bush: A Public Sector Entrepreneur
    Foundations and Trends(R) in Entrepreneurship, 2022, 18, (1), 1-74 View citations (2)

2021

31. Entrepreneurship, Finance and Management: Essays in Honor of Mike Wright
    Foundations and Trends(R) in Entrepreneurship, 2021, 17, (7), 651-765
32. Going public with public money
    Small Business Economics, 2021, 57, (3), 1419-1426 View citations (6)
    See also Working Paper Going Public with Public Money, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2020) (2020)
33. Innovative activity and gender dynamics
    Small Business Economics, 2021, 56, (4), 1591-1599 View citations (13)
    See also Working Paper Innovative Activity and Gender Dynamics, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2019) View citations (6) (2019)
34. Intellectual property protection mechanisms and the characteristics of founding teams
    Scientometrics, 2021, 126, (9), 7329-7350 View citations (3)
    See also Working Paper Intellectual Property Protection Mechanisms and the Characteristics of Founding Teams, JRC Working Papers on Corporate R&D and Innovation (2019) View citations (4) (2019)
35. Investments in R&D and innovative behavior: an exploratory cross-country study
    International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2021, 17, (2), 731-739 View citations (1)
    See also Working Paper Investments in R&D and Innovative Behavior: An Exploratory Cross-Country Study, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2020) (2020)
36. Knowledge Transfers from Federally Funded Research and Development Centers
    Science and Public Policy, 2021, 48, (4), 576-581 View citations (5)
    See also Working Paper Knowledge Transfers from Federally Funded Research and Development Centers, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2021) View citations (5) (2021)
37. Knowledge transfers from federally supported R&D
    International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2021, 17, (1), 249-260 View citations (1)
    Also in International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 1-12
    See also Working Paper Knowledge Transfers from Federally Supported R&D, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2020) (2020)
38. Latent technology as an outcome of R&D
    Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2021, 162, (C) View citations (4)
    See also Working Paper Latent Technology as an Outcome of R&D, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2020) View citations (1) (2020)
39. Scientific publications at U.S. federal research laboratories
    Scientometrics, 2021, 126, (3), 2227-2248 View citations (4)
    See also Working Paper Scientific Publications at U.S. Federal Research Laboratories, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2020) (2020)
40. Technological change in the production of new scientific knowledge: a second look
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2021, 30, (4), 371-381 View citations (6)
    See also Working Paper Technological Change in the Production of New Scientific Knowledge: A Second Look, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2019) View citations (9) (2019)
41. The Globalization of the Bayh–Dole Act
    Annals of Science and Technology Policy, 2021, 5, (1), 1-90 View citations (1)
42. The impact of the third sector of R&D on the innovative performance of entrepreneurial firms
    Small Business Economics, 2021, 57, (3), 1413-1418 View citations (3)
    See also Working Paper The Impact of the Third Sector of R&D on the Innovative Performance of Entrepreneurial Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2020) View citations (6) (2020)
43. The publicness of publicly funded research
    Science and Public Policy, 2021, 48, (5), 757-762 View citations (1)
    See also Working Paper The Publicness of Publicly Funded Research, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2021) View citations (1) (2021)

2020

44. Creativity-enhancing technological change in the production of scientific knowledge
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2020, 29, (5), 489-500 View citations (5)
    See also Working Paper Creativity-Enhancing Technological Change in the Production of Scientific Knowledge*, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2019) View citations (7) (2019)
45. Exploring the impact of R&D on patenting activity in small women-owned and minority-owned entrepreneurial firms
    Small Business Economics, 2020, 54, (4), 1061-1066 View citations (7)
    See also Working Paper Exploring the Impact of R&D on Patenting Activity in Small Women-Owned and Minority-Owned Entrepreneurial Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2019) View citations (6) (2019)
46. Governance mechanisms enabling inter-organizational adaptation: Lessons from grand challenge R&D programs
    Science and Public Policy, 2020, 47, (2), 271-282 View citations (3)
    See also Working Paper Governance Mechanisms Enabling Inter-Organizational Adaptation: Lessons from Grand Challenge R&D Programs, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2020) View citations (1) (2020)
47. Introduction: Entrepreneurship and Industrial Organization
    Review of Industrial Organization, 2020, 57, (3), 515-518 View citations (1)
48. Public Support of Private Innovation: An Initial Assessment of the North Carolina SBIR/STTR Phase I Matching Funds Program
    Annals of Science and Technology Policy, 2020, 4, (1), 1-79 View citations (3)
49. The Economic Contribution of a Cohort of New Firms Over Time
    Review of Industrial Organization, 2020, 57, (3), 519-536 View citations (1)
50. The Regional Economic Impacts of University Research and Science Parks
    Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2020, 11, (1), 42-56 View citations (3)
    See also Working Paper The Regional Economic Impacts of University Research and Science Parks, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2018) (2018)

2019

51. A public sector knowledge production function
    Economics Letters, 2019, 175, (C), 64-66 View citations (5)
    See also Working Paper A Public Sector Knowledge Production Function, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2019) View citations (5) (2019)
52. An Oasis of Knowledge: the Early History of Gateway University Research Park
    Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2019, 10, (3), 1037-1063 View citations (1)
    See also Working Paper An Oasis of Knowledge: The Early History of Gateway University Research Park, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2017) View citations (3) (2017)
53. Embracing an entrepreneurial ecosystem: an analysis of the governance of research joint ventures
    Small Business Economics, 2019, 52, (2), 429-436 View citations (15)
    See also Working Paper Embracing an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: An Analysis of the Governance of Research Joint Ventures, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2017) View citations (12) (2017)
54. Entrepreneurship and knowledge spillovers from the public sector
    International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2019, 15, (1), 195-208 View citations (12)
    See also Working Paper Entrepreneurship and Knowledge Spillovers from the Public Sector, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2018) View citations (5) (2018)
55. Innovation by design
    Small Business Economics, 2019, 52, (2), 395-403 View citations (7)
56. Introduction
    Foundations and Trends(R) in Entrepreneurship, 2019, 15, (3-4), 324-327
57. Knowledge begets knowledge: university knowledge spillovers and the output of scientific papers from U.S. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) projects
    Scientometrics, 2019, 121, (3), 1367-1383 View citations (13)
58. On the transfer of technology from universities: The impact of the Bayh–Dole Act of 1980 on the institutionalization of university research
    European Economic Review, 2019, 119, (C), 472-481 View citations (18)
    See also Working Paper On the Transfer of Technology from Universities: The Impact of the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 on the Institutionalization of University Research, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2019) View citations (19) (2019)
59. The economic benefits of technology transfer from U.S. federal laboratories
    The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2019, 44, (5), 1416-1426 View citations (22)
    See also Working Paper The Economic Benefits of Technology Transfer from U.S. Federal Laboratories, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2019) View citations (19) (2019)
60. The fountain of knowledge: an epistemological perspective on the growth of U.S. SBIR-funded firms
    International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2019, 15, (4), 1103-1113 View citations (7)
    See also Working Paper The Fountain of Knowledge: An Epistemological Perspective on the Growth of U.S. SBIR-Funded Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2019) View citations (7) (2019)
61. The impact of public R&D investments on patenting activity: technology transfer at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2019, 28, (5), 536-546 View citations (12)
    See also Working Paper The Impact of Public R&D Investments on Patenting Activity: Technology Transfer at the U.S> Environmental Protection Agency, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2018) View citations (2) (2018)

2018

62. Assessing technology and innovation policies: introduction to the special issue
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2018, 27, (5-6), 401-403 View citations (1)
63. Employment in China’s hi-tech zones
    International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2018, 14, (3), 697-703
    See also Working Paper Employment in China's Hi-Tech Zones, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2018) (2018)
64. Frederic M. Scherer: Over a Half Century—and Counting—of Seminal Scholarly Contributions
    Review of Industrial Organization, 2018, 52, (4), 501-508
65. Innovation capital
    The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2018, 43, (6), 1760-1767
    See also Working Paper Innovation Capital, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2018) (2018)
66. Nanotechnology: A Call for Policy Research
    Annals of Science and Technology Policy, 2018, 2, (4), 307-463 View citations (2)
67. On the growth of Korean technoparks
    International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2018, 14, (2), 405-410 View citations (3)
    See also Working Paper On the Growth of Korean Technoparks, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2017) View citations (10) (2017)
68. Propensity to Patent and Firm Size for Small R&D-Intensive Firms
    Review of Industrial Organization, 2018, 52, (4), 561-587 View citations (16)
    See also Working Paper Propensity to Patent and Firm Size for Small R&D-Intensive Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2018) View citations (17) (2018)
69. Sources of knowledge used by entrepreneurial firms in the European high-tech sector
    Eurasian Business Review, 2018, 8, (1), 55-70 View citations (18)
    See also Working Paper Sources of Knowledge Used by Entrepreneurial Firms in the European High-Tech Sector, JRC Working Papers on Corporate R&D and Innovation (2017) View citations (1) (2017)
70. The structure and performance of U.S. research joint ventures: inferences and implications from the Advanced Technology Program
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2018, 27, (5-6), 551-575
    See also Working Paper The Structure and Performance of U.S. Research Joint Ventures: Inferences and Implications from the Advanced Technology Program, NBER Working Papers (2017) View citations (3) (2017)
71. Toward an assessment of the US Small Business Innovation Research Program at the National Institutes of Health
    Science and Public Policy, 2018, 45, (1), 83-91 View citations (6)
72. U.S. federal laboratories and their research partners: a quantitative case study
    Scientometrics, 2018, 115, (1), 501-517 View citations (12)
    See also Working Paper U.S. Federal Laboratories and their Research Partners: A Quantitative Case Study, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2018) View citations (12) (2018)
73. Under the AEGIS of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship: employment growth and gender of founders among European firms
    Small Business Economics, 2018, 50, (4), 899-915 View citations (13)

2017

74. Commercial complexity and entrepreneurial finance
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2017, 26, (5), 489-500 View citations (3)
75. Dynamic entrepreneurship: On the performance of U.S. research joint ventures
    Small Business Economics, 2017, 49, (4), 785-797 View citations (6)
    See also Working Paper Dynamic Entrepreneurship: On the Performance of U.S. Research Joint Ventures, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2017) View citations (6) (2017)
76. Ideation, entrepreneurship, and innovation
    Small Business Economics, 2017, 48, (2), 279-285 View citations (5)
    See also Working Paper Ideation, Entrepreneurship, and Innovation, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2014) (2014)
77. On the Growth of European Apparel Firms
    Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2017, 8, (2), 489-498
78. On the R&D/marketing interface in knowledge intensive entrepreneurial firms
    International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2017, 13, (3), 943-952 View citations (1)
    Also in International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 1-10
79. On the failure of scientific research: an analysis of SBIR projects funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health
    Scientometrics, 2017, 112, (1), 431-442 View citations (10)
    See also Working Paper On the Failure of Scientific Research: An Analysis of SBIR Projects Funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2017) View citations (9) (2017)
80. Science and technology parks: an annotated and analytical literature review
    The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2017, 42, (4), 957-976 View citations (45)
    See also Working Paper Science and Technology Parks: An Annotated and Analytical Literature Review, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2017) View citations (42) (2017)
81. The growth of US science and technology parks: does proximity to a university matter?
    The Annals of Regional Science, 2017, 59, (2), 495-511 View citations (15)
    See also Working Paper The Growth of U.S. Science and Technology Parks: Does Proximity to a University Matter?, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2017) View citations (7) (2017)

2016

82. Dynamic entrepreneurship and technology-based innovation
    Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 2016, 26, (3), 603-620 View citations (23)
    See also Working Paper Dynamic Entrepreneurship and Technology-Based Innovation, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2016) View citations (23) (2016)
83. Exploring the effectiveness of research and innovation policies among European Union countries
    International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2016, 12, (2), 415-425 View citations (13)
    See also Working Paper Exploring the Effectiveness of Research and Innovation Policies among European Union Countries, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2016) View citations (13) (2016)
84. Gender and Entrepreneurship: An Annotated Bibliography
    Foundations and Trends(R) in Entrepreneurship, 2016, 12, (4-5), 287-441 View citations (20)
85. On the economic performance of nascent entrepreneurs
    European Economic Review, 2016, 86, (C), 109-117 View citations (8)
    See also Working Paper On the Economic Performance of Nascent Entrepreneurs, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2015) View citations (5) (2015)
86. Public sector entrepreneurship: introduction to the special section
    Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, 2016, 43, (4), 355-356 View citations (3)
87. R&D as an investment in knowledge based capital
    Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, 2016, 43, (1), 11-24 View citations (15)
    Also in Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, 2016, 43, (1), 11-24 (2016) View citations (14)
    See also Working Paper R&D as an Investment in Knowledge Based Capital, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2015) (2015)

2015

88. Capturing Knowledge: Private Gains and Public Gains from University Research Partnerships
    Foundations and Trends(R) in Entrepreneurship, 2015, 11, (3), 139-206 View citations (20)
89. On the economic impact of university proof of concept centers
    The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2015, 40, (1), 178-183 View citations (19)
    See also Working Paper On the Economic Impact of University Proof of Concept Centers, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2014) View citations (1) (2014)
90. Strategic alliances: introduction to the special issue
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2015, 24, (5), 401-402
91. Technology-based state growth policies: the case of North Carolina’s Green Business Fund
    The Annals of Regional Science, 2015, 54, (2), 437-449 View citations (4)
92. The impact of public investment in medical imaging technology: an interagency collaboration in evaluation
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2015, 24, (5), 510-531 View citations (1)
    See also Working Paper The Impact of Public Investment in Medical Imaging Technology: An Interagency Collaboration in Evaluation, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2014) (2014)
93. Toward a theory of the entrepreneurial process
    Small Business Economics, 2015, 44, (3), 475-484 View citations (6)
    See also Working Paper Toward a Theory of the Entrepreneurial Process, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2014) View citations (1) (2014)
94. Toward an assessment of impacts from US technology and innovation policies
    Science and Public Policy, 2015, 42, (3), 369-376 View citations (5)
    See also Working Paper Toward an Assessment of Impacts from U.S. Technology and Innovation Policies, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2014) View citations (4) (2014)

2014

95. A theoretical analysis of the role of social networks in entrepreneurship
    Research Policy, 2014, 43, (7), 1157-1163 View citations (56)
    See also Working Paper A Theoretical Analysis of the Role of Social Networks in Entrepreneurship, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2013) View citations (6) (2013)
96. Introduction to special section: A retrospective look at US science and technology policy
    Science and Public Policy, 2014, 41, (4), 409-410
97. Private Equity and the Innovation Strategies of Entrepreneurial Firms: Empirical Evidence from the Small Business Innovation Research Program
    Managerial and Decision Economics, 2014, 35, (2), 103-113 View citations (10)
    See also Working Paper Private Equity and the Innovation Strategies of Entrepreneurial Firms: Empirical Evidence from the Small Business Innovation Research Program, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2012) View citations (2) (2012)
98. Research Risk and Public Policy in a Knowledge-Based Economy: the Relative Research Efficiency of Government Versus University Labs
    Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2014, 5, (2), 294-304 View citations (3)
99. The returns to R&D: Division of Policy Research and Analysis at the National Science Foundation
    Science and Public Policy, 2014, 41, (4), 458-463 View citations (3)

2013

100. Academic Entrepreneurship and Regional Economic Development
     Economic Development Quarterly, 2013, 27, (1), 3-5 View citations (2)
101. Fathers’ patenting behavior and the propensity of offspring to patent: an intergenerational analysis
     The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2013, 38, (3), 332-340 View citations (4)
102. From laboratory to market: on the propensity of young inventors to form a new business
     Small Business Economics, 2013, 40, (1), 1-7 View citations (12)
     See also Working Paper From Laboratory to Market: On the Propensity of Young Inventors to Form a New Business, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2011) View citations (4) (2011)
103. Knowledge spillovers, collective entrepreneurship, and economic growth: the role of universities
     Small Business Economics, 2013, 41, (4), 797-817 View citations (40)
104. Leveraging entrepreneurship through private investments: does gender matter?
     Small Business Economics, 2013, 40, (2), 199-210 View citations (22)
     See also Chapter Leveraging entrepreneurship through private investments: does gender matter?, Chapters, 2013, 145-156 (2013) View citations (17) (2013)
     Working Paper Leveraging Entrepreneurship through Private Investments: Does Gender Matter?, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2011) View citations (2) (2011)
105. Proof of Concept Centers in the United States: an exploratory look
     The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2013, 38, (4), 349-381 View citations (27)
     See also Working Paper Proof of Concept Centers in the United States: An Exploratory Look, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2013) View citations (26) (2013)
106. Public R&D subsidies, outside private support, and employment growth
     Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2013, 22, (6), 537-550 View citations (23)
     See also Working Paper Public R&D Subsidies, Outside Private Support, and Employment Growth, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2013) View citations (23) (2013)
107. Regional Appropriation of University-Based Knowledge and Technology for Economic Development
     Economic Development Quarterly, 2013, 27, (1), 56-61 View citations (13)
     See also Working Paper Regional Appropriation of University-Based Knowledge and Technology for Economic Development, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2012) (2012)
     Chapter Regional Appropriation of University-Based Knowledge and Technology for Economic Development, Chapters, 2013, 136-142 (2013) View citations (12) (2013)
108. Strategic alliances: leveraging economic growth and development
     Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2013, 22, (4), 430-430

2012

109. Academic entrepreneurship and economic competitiveness: introduction to the special issue
     Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2012, 21, (5-6), 427-428 View citations (1)
110. Employment growth from public support of innovation in small firms
     Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2012, 21, (7), 655-678 View citations (62)
     See also Working Paper Employment Growth from Public Support of Innovation in Small Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2011) View citations (17) (2011)
     Book Employment Growth from Public Support of Innovation in Small Firms, Books from Upjohn Press, 2012 (2012) View citations (62) (2012)
     Chapter Employment growth from public support of innovation in small firms, Chapters, 2013, 41-64 (2013) (2013)
111. Employment growth from the Small Business Innovation Research program
     Small Business Economics, 2012, 39, (2), 265-287 View citations (21)
     See also Chapter Employment growth from the Small Business Innovation Research program, Chapters, 2013, 65-88 (2013) (2013)
     Working Paper Employment Growth from the Small Business Innovation Research Program, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2010) (2010)
112. Entrepreneurship and innovation: public policy frameworks
     The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2012, 37, (1), 1-17 View citations (39)
     See also Working Paper Entrepreneurship and Innovation: Public Policy Frameworks, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2011) View citations (4) (2011)
113. On the social value of quality: An economic evaluation of the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program
     Science and Public Policy, 2012, 39, (5), 680-689
     See also Working Paper On the Social Value of Quality: An Economic Evaluation of the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2012) View citations (1) (2012)
114. Public gains from entrepreneurial research: Inferences about the economic value of public support of the Small Business Innovation Research program
     Research Evaluation, 2012, 21, (2), 105-112 View citations (8)
     See also Chapter Public gains from entrepreneurial research: Inferences about the economic value of public support of the Small Business Innovation Research program, Chapters, 2013, 105-112 (2013) (2013)
     Working Paper Public Gains from Entrepreneurial Research: Inferences about the Economic Value of Public Support of the Small Business Innovation Research Program, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2012) View citations (7) (2012)
115. The exploitation of publicly funded technology
     The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2012, 37, (3), 375-383 View citations (12)
     See also Working Paper The Exploitation of Publicly Funded Technology, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2012) View citations (12) (2012)
     Chapter The exploitation of publicly funded technology, Chapters, 2013, 127-135 (2013) View citations (1) (2013)
116. Universities as research partners in publicly supported entrepreneurial firms
     Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2012, 21, (5-6), 529-545 View citations (17)
     See also Chapter Universities as research partners in publicly supported entrepreneurial firms, Chapters, 2013, 175-192 (2013) View citations (2) (2013)
     Working Paper Universities as Research Partners in Publicly Supported Entrepreneurial Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2012) View citations (18) (2012)
117. Valuing an entrepreneurial enterprise
     Small Business Economics, 2012, 38, (2), 139-145 View citations (6)
     See also Working Paper Valuing an Entrepreneurial Enterprise, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2011) (2011)
     Book Valuing an Entrepreneurial Enterprise, OUP Catalogue, 2012 (2012) View citations (7) (2012)

2011

118. Information About Information: Public Investments in Information Retrieval Research
     Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2011, 2, (2), 192-200
     See also Working Paper Information about Information: Public Investments in Information Retrieval Research, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2011) (2011)
119. Public knowledge, private knowledge: the intellectual capital of entrepreneurs
     Small Business Economics, 2011, 36, (1), 1-14 View citations (26)
     See also Chapter Public knowledge, private knowledge: the intellectual capital of entrepreneurs, Chapters, 2013, 113-126 (2013) View citations (3) (2013)
     Working Paper Public Knowledge, Private Knowledge: The Intellectual Capital of Entrepreneurs, NBER Working Papers (2009) View citations (3) (2009)
120. Public science and public innovation: Assessing the relationship between patenting at U.S. National Laboratories and the Bayh-Dole Act
     Research Policy, 2011, 40, (8), 1094-1099 View citations (32)
     See also Working Paper Public Science and Public Innovation: Assessing the Relationship between Patenting at U.S. National Laboratories and the Bayh-Dole Act, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2011) View citations (33) (2011)

2010

121. Economic implications of raising the threshold funding limits on US Small Business Innovation Research awards
     Science and Public Policy, 2010, 37, (10), 731-735 View citations (2)
122. Government as entrepreneur: Evaluating the commercialization success of SBIR projects
     Research Policy, 2010, 39, (5), 589-601 View citations (98)
     See also Chapter Governments as entrepreneur: Evaluating the commercialization success of SBIR projects, Chapters, 2013, 25-38 (2013) View citations (6) (2013)
123. Government as entrepreneur: Reframing a dimension of science and technology policy
     Research Policy, 2010, 39, (5), 565-566 View citations (4)

2009

124. Bringing science to market: commercializing from NIH SBIR awards
     Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2009, 18, (4), 381-402 View citations (43)
     See also Chapter Bringing science to market:commercializing from NIH SBIR awards, Chapters, 2013, 3-24 (2013) (2013)
     Working Paper Bringing Science to Market: Commercializing from NIH SBIR Awards, NBER Working Papers (2008) View citations (4) (2008)
125. Evaluating public sector intramural research programmes: the case of the US Advanced Technology Program's Intramural Research Initiative
     International Journal of Public Policy, 2009, 4, (6), 516-532
126. Private Investor Participation and Commercialization Rates for Government‐sponsored Research and Development: Would a Prediction Market Improve the Performance of the SBIR Programme?
     Economica, 2009, 76, (302), 264-281 View citations (43)
     See also Chapter Private Investor Participation and Commercialization Rates for Government-sponsored Research and Development: Would a Prediction Market Improve the Performance of the SBIR Programme?, Chapters, 2013, 157-174 (2013) View citations (6) (2013)

2008

127. A time allocation study of university faculty
     Economics of Education Review, 2008, 27, (4), 363-374 View citations (44)
128. BARRIERS TO THE DIFFUSION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
     Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2008, 17, (7-8), 749-761 View citations (15)
129. TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE: INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE
     Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2008, 17, (7-8), 611-614 View citations (4)

2007

130. An empirical analysis of the propensity of academics to engage in informal university technology transfer *
     Industrial and Corporate Change, 2007, 16, (4), 641-655 View citations (242)
131. Entrepreneurship and Human Capital: Evidence of Patenting Activity from the Academic Sector
     Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 2007, 31, (6), 937-951 View citations (23)
132. Historical Perspectives on the Entrepreneur
     Foundations and Trends(R) in Entrepreneurship, 2007, 2, (4), 261-408 View citations (8)
133. The economics of university research parks
     Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 2007, 23, (4), 661-674 View citations (75)

2006

134. An economic evaluation of the Baldrige National Quality Program
     Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2006, 15, (1), 83-100 View citations (6)
135. Empirical evidence on knowledge flows from research collaborations: Introduction to the special issue
     Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2006, 15, (1), 1-3 View citations (3)
136. Intellectual property protection mechanisms in research partnerships
     Research Policy, 2006, 35, (6), 825-838 View citations (67)
     See also Working Paper Intellectual Property Protection Mechanisms in Research Partnerships, Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy (2004) View citations (3) (2004)
137. The Entrepreneur as Innovator
     The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2006, 31, (5), 589-597 View citations (45)
138. U.S. University Research Parks
     Journal of Productivity Analysis, 2006, 25, (1), 43-55 View citations (41)

2005

139. An econometric analysis of trends in research joint venture activity
     Managerial and Decision Economics, 2005, 26, (2), 149-158 View citations (10)
140. Evaluating Public Sector R&D Programs: The Advanced Technology Program's Investment in Wavelength References for Optical Fiber Communications
     The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2005, 30, (2_2), 241-251 View citations (9)
141. Generating science-based growth: an econometric analysis of the impact of organizational incentives on university-industry technology transfer
     The European Journal of Finance, 2005, 11, (3), 169-181 View citations (61)
142. Opening the ivory tower's door: An analysis of the determinants of the formation of U.S. university spin-off companies
     Research Policy, 2005, 34, (7), 1106-1112 View citations (91)
143. Universities as partners in U.S. research joint ventures
     Research Policy, 2005, 34, (3), 385-393 View citations (59)
144. University-based technology initiatives: Quantitative and qualitative evidence
     Research Policy, 2005, 34, (3), 253-257 View citations (42)

2004

145. Transmission of Risk-Averse Behavior in Small Firms
     Small Business Economics, 2004, 23, (3), 255-259 View citations (1)

2003

146. Assessing the impact of organizational practices on the relative productivity of university technology transfer offices: an exploratory study
     Research Policy, 2003, 32, (1), 27-48 View citations (505)
147. Deploying Homeland Security Technology
     The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2003, 28, (3-4), 363-68
148. On the Growth of U.S. Science Parks
     The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2003, 28, (1), 81-85 View citations (31)
149. The Growth of Research Triangle Park
     Small Business Economics, 2003, 20, (2), 167-75 View citations (29)
150. The economics of intellectual property at universities: an overview of the special issue
     International Journal of Industrial Organization, 2003, 21, (9), 1217-1225 View citations (19)
151. U.S. science parks: the diffusion of an innovation and its effects on the academic missions of universities
     International Journal of Industrial Organization, 2003, 21, (9), 1323-1356 View citations (98)
152. Universities as Research Partners
     The Review of Economics and Statistics, 2003, 85, (2), 485-491 View citations (204)
     See also Working Paper Universities as Research Partners, UNCG Economics Working Papers (2010) View citations (1) (2010)

2002

153. An analysis of policy initiatives to promote strategic research partnerships
     Research Policy, 2002, 31, (8-9), 1459-1466 View citations (21)
154. Explaining Observed Licensing Agreements: Toward a Broader Understanding of Technology Flows
     Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2002, 11, (3), 211-231 View citations (8)
155. Public/private technology partnerships: evaluating SBIR-supported research
     Research Policy, 2002, 31, (1), 145-158 View citations (79)
     See also Chapter Public/private technology partnerships: evaluating SBIR-supported research, Chapters, 2013, 91-104 (2013) (2013)
156. The Economics of Science and Technology
     The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2002, 27, (2), 155-203 View citations (83)
157. Unions and Technology Adoption: A Qualitative Analysis of the Use of Real-Time Control Systems in U.S. Coal Firms
     Journal of Labor Research, 2002, 23, (4), 615-630 View citations (3)

2001

158. Barriers Inhibiting Industry from Partnering with Universities: Evidence from the Advanced Technology Program
     The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2001, 26, (1-2), 87-98 View citations (120)
     See also Working Paper Barriers Inhibiting Industry from Partnering with Universities: Evidence from the Advanced Technology Program, Development and Comp Systems (2001) View citations (138) (2001)
159. Public/private partnerships: stimulating competition in a dynamic market
     International Journal of Industrial Organization, 2001, 19, (5), 763-794 View citations (33)

2000

160. Research partnerships1
     Research Policy, 2000, 29, (4-5), 567-586 View citations (239)

1999

161. Federal laboratories as research partners
     International Journal of Industrial Organization, 1999, 17, (4), 575-592 View citations (30)
162. Public/Private Partnerships In The United States
     Industry and Innovation, 1999, 6, (2), 191-217 View citations (15)
163. Women in science: An exploratory analysis of trends in the United States
     Science and Public Policy, 1999, 26, (6), 437-442 View citations (8)

1998

164. Evaluating technology-based public institutions: the case of radiopharmaceutical standards research at the National Institute of Standards and Technology
     Research Evaluation, 1998, 7, (3), 147-157
165. The US Display Consortium: Analysis of a Public/Private Partnership
     Industry and Innovation, 1998, 5, (1), 35-50 View citations (5)

1997

166. Measuring the unmeasurable: Cost-benefit analysis for new business start-ups and scientific research transfers
     Evaluation and Program Planning, 1997, 20, (1), 91-102 View citations (2)

1996

167. On the classification of industrial R & D
     Research Policy, 1996, 25, (3), 397-401 View citations (2)

1994

168. A note on the diffusion of flexible manufacturing systems technology
     Economics Letters, 1994, 46, (4), 357-362 View citations (4)

1993

169. Privatization, Bureaucracy, and Risk Aversion
     Public Choice, 1993, 76, (3), 199-213 View citations (2)

1991

170. Investments in product quality: A descriptive study of the US optical fiber industry
     Omega, 1991, 19, (5), 471-474

1988

171. Standards and the diffusion of advanced technologies
     Evaluation and Program Planning, 1988, 11, (1), 97-102 View citations (2)

1987

172. Adam Smith on the Division of Labor and Relative Factor Prices*
     Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1987, 9, (1), 80-84
173. External sources of technical knowledge
     Economics Letters, 1987, 23, (3), 295-299 View citations (3)

1984

174. Declining productivity revisited: Secular trends or cyclical losses?
     Economics Letters, 1984, 15, (3-4), 289-293
175. Public support for private R&D: The case of the research tax credit
     Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 1984, 4, (3), 370-382 View citations (2)
176. Tax incentives for R&D: a critical evaluation
     Research Policy, 1984, 13, (1), 21-31 View citations (13)

1983

177. Alternative sources of technology: An analysis of induced innovations
     Managerial and Decision Economics, 1983, 4, (1), 40-43 View citations (1)
178. Inter-firm technology flows and productivity growth
     Economics Letters, 1983, 11, (1-2), 179-184 View citations (18)
179. The Impact of Market Structure on Wages, Fringe Benefits, and Turnover
     ILR Review, 1983, 36, (2), 239-250 View citations (10)

1982

180. Productivity Growth, Environmental Regulations and the Composition of R&D
     Bell Journal of Economics, 1982, 13, (2), 548-554 View citations (8)
181. Worker Response to a Menu of Implicit Contracts
     ILR Review, 1982, 35, (4), 590-599 View citations (5)

1981

182. Are Public Sector Workers More Risk Averse Than Private Sector Workers?
     ILR Review, 1981, 34, (3), 408-412 View citations (107)
183. Basic Research and Productivity Increase in Manufacturing: Additional Evidence
     American Economic Review, 1981, 71, (5), 1111-12 View citations (67)
184. The Simple Economics of Basic Scientific Research: A Test of Nelson's Diversification Hypothesis
     Journal of Industrial Economics, 1981, 30, (1), 105-09 View citations (13)

1980

185. Firm Size and Efficient Entrepreneurial Activity: A Reformulation of the Schumpeter Hypothesis
     Journal of Political Economy, 1980, 88, (4), 771-82 View citations (43)
186. Political Competition for Government Funds: Research and Development Obligations
     Public Finance Review, 1980, 8, (1), 57-68
187. Some estimates for the determinants of household safety
     Journal of Behavioral Economics, 1980, 9, (1), 37-53

1977

188. On the efficiency of federal R&D spending: A public choice approach
     Public Choice, 1977, 31, (1), 129-133 View citations (5)

Books

2025

1. Small Business Innovation in the Public Interest
   Books, Edward Elgar Publishing

2024

2. Public Sector Technology Transfer
   Books, Edward Elgar Publishing View citations (3)

2023

3. Small Firms and U.S. Technology Policy
   Books, Edward Elgar Publishing

2022

4. Public Sector Entrepreneurship
   Books, Edward Elgar Publishing

2020

5. Invention, Innovation and U.S. Federal Laboratories
   Books, Edward Elgar Publishing View citations (3)

2018

6. Knowledge-Intensive Entrepreneurship
   International Studies in Entrepreneurship, Springer

2015

7. Public Sector Entrepreneurship: U.S. Technology and Innovation Policy
   OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press View citations (111)

2013

8. Bending the Arc of Innovation: Public Support of R&D in Small, Entrepreneurial Firms
   Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy, Palgrave Macmillan View citations (5)
   See also Working Paper Bending the Arc of Innovation: Public Support of R&D in Small, Entrepreneurial Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2013) View citations (5) (2013)
9. Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms
   Books, Edward Elgar Publishing View citations (15)

2012

10. Employment Growth from Public Support of Innovation in Small Firms
    Books from Upjohn Press, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research View citations (62)
    See also Chapter Employment growth from public support of innovation in small firms, Chapters, Edward Elgar Publishing (2013) (2013)
    Journal Article Employment growth from public support of innovation in small firms, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals (2012) View citations (62) (2012)
    Working Paper Employment Growth from Public Support of Innovation in Small Firms, UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2011) View citations (17) (2011)
11. Public Investments in Energy Technology
    Books, Edward Elgar Publishing View citations (4)
12. Valuing an Entrepreneurial Enterprise
    OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press View citations (7)
    See also Journal Article Valuing an entrepreneurial enterprise, Small Business Economics, Springer (2012) View citations (6) (2012)
    Working Paper Valuing an Entrepreneurial Enterprise, UNCG Economics Working Papers, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2011) (2011)

2011

13. Public Goods, Public Gains: Calculating the Social Benefits of Public R&D
    OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press View citations (26)

2008

14. Cyber Security
    Books, Edward Elgar Publishing

2006

15. Public/Private Partnerships
    Springer Books, Springer

Edited books

2022

1. Handbook of Technology Transfer
   Books, Edward Elgar Publishing View citations (1)

2019

2. A Research Agenda for Entrepreneurship and Innovation
   Books, Edward Elgar Publishing View citations (7)
3. Science and Technology Parks and Regional Economic Development
   Palgrave Advances in Economics of Innovation and Technology, Palgrave Macmillan View citations (8)
4. The Social Value of New Technology
   Books, Edward Elgar Publishing View citations (4)

2016

5. Essays in Public Sector Entrepreneurship
   International Studies in Entrepreneurship, Springer View citations (14)
6. The Economics of Standards
   Books, Edward Elgar Publishing

2015

7. The Chicago Handbook of University Technology Transfer and Academic Entrepreneurship
   University of Chicago Press Economics Books, University of Chicago Press View citations (65)
8. The Oxford Handbook of Local Competitiveness
   OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press View citations (36)

2014

9. Recent Developments in the Economics of Science and Innovation
   Books, Edward Elgar Publishing View citations (3)

2013

10. Handbook on the Theory and Practice of Program Evaluation
    Books, Edward Elgar Publishing View citations (19)

2012

11. Technology Transfer in a Global Economy
    International Studies in Entrepreneurship, Springer View citations (17)

2011

12. The Economics of Evaluation in Public Programs
    Books, Edward Elgar Publishing View citations (1)

2008

13. The Economic Theory of Invention and Innovation
    Books, Edward Elgar Publishing
14. The Economics of Innovation Policy, vol Two volume set
    Books, Edward Elgar Publishing View citations (2)

2006

15. Entrepreneurship and Technology Policy
    Books, Edward Elgar Publishing View citations (3)

2005

16. Essays in Honor of Edwin Mansfield
    Springer Books, Springer View citations (22)

Chapters

2022

1. Editorial Quandaries During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Personal Exposé
   Springer
2. Scientific ideas and innovative behavior
   Chapter 56 in Elgar Encyclopedia on the Economics of Knowledge and Innovation, 2022, pp 445-451

2021

3. Technology Transfer at U.S. Federal Laboratories: R&D Disclosures Patent Applications
   Springer View citations (1)
   See also Working Paper Technology Transfer at U.S. Federal Laboratories: R&D --> Disclosures --> Patent Applications, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2021) View citations (1) (2021)

2019

4. Introduction to A Research Agenda for Entrepreneurship and Innovation
   Chapter 1 in A Research Agenda for Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 2019, pp 1-3 View citations (2)
5. Lessons Learned and a Future Research and Policy Agenda on Science Parks
   Palgrave Macmillan View citations (4)
6. University Science and Technology Parks: A U.S. Perspective
   Palgrave Macmillan

2018

7. Characteristics of KIE Textile and Apparel Firms and Founders
   Springer
8. Concluding Remarks
   Springer
9. Prescriptions for Growth for US Textile and Apparel Firms
   Springer
10. Setting the Stage
    Springer
11. Sources of Knowledge Used by KIE Textile and Apparel Firms
    Springer View citations (1)
12. The AEGIS Database
    Springer
13. The Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Performance in KIE Textile and Apparel Firms
    Springer
14. The Entrepreneurial Performance of KIE Textile and Apparel Firms
    Springer
15. The European Textile and Apparel Industries: An Institutional and Literature Review
    Springer
16. The Strategic Behavior of KIE Textile and Apparel Firms
    Springer
17. Trends in the European Textile and Apparel Industries
    Springer

2016

18. Introduction
    Springer

2013

19. An Emphasis on Small, Entrepreneurial Firms
    Palgrave Macmillan
20. Bringing science to market:commercializing from NIH SBIR awards
    Chapter 1 in Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms, 2013, pp 3-24
    See also Journal Article Bringing science to market: commercializing from NIH SBIR awards, Taylor & Francis Journals (2009) View citations (43) (2009)
    Working Paper Bringing Science to Market: Commercializing from NIH SBIR Awards, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2008) View citations (4) (2008)
21. Concluding Observations about Public Support of R&D in Small, Entrepreneurial Firms
    Palgrave Macmillan View citations (4)
22. Employment growth from public support of innovation in small firms
    Chapter 3 in Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms, 2013, pp 41-64
    See also Book Employment Growth from Public Support of Innovation in Small Firms, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research (2012) View citations (62) (2012)
    Working Paper Employment Growth from Public Support of Innovation in Small Firms, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2011) View citations (17) (2011)
    Journal Article Employment growth from public support of innovation in small firms, Taylor & Francis Journals (2012) View citations (62) (2012)
23. Employment growth from the Small Business Innovation Research program
    Chapter 4 in Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms, 2013, pp 65-88
    See also Journal Article Employment growth from the Small Business Innovation Research program, Springer (2012) View citations (21) (2012)
    Working Paper Employment Growth from the Small Business Innovation Research Program, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2010) (2010)
24. Governments as entrepreneur: Evaluating the commercialization success of SBIR projects
    Chapter 2 in Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms, 2013, pp 25-38 View citations (6)
    See also Journal Article Government as entrepreneur: Evaluating the commercialization success of SBIR projects, Elsevier (2010) View citations (98) (2010)
25. Introduction
    Palgrave Macmillan View citations (41)
26. Introduction to the handbook
    Chapter 1 in Handbook on the Theory and Practice of Program Evaluation, 2013, pp 1-11
27. Leveraging entrepreneurship through private investments: does gender matter?
    Chapter 10 in Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms, 2013, pp 145-156 View citations (17)
    See also Working Paper Leveraging Entrepreneurship through Private Investments: Does Gender Matter?, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2011) View citations (2) (2011)
    Journal Article Leveraging entrepreneurship through private investments: does gender matter?, Springer (2013) View citations (22) (2013)
28. Market Failure and Public Support of R&D
    Palgrave Macmillan View citations (1)
29. Private Investor Participation and Commercialization Rates for Government-sponsored Research and Development: Would a Prediction Market Improve the Performance of the SBIR Programme?
    Chapter 11 in Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms, 2013, pp 157-174 View citations (6)
    See also Journal Article Private Investor Participation and Commercialization Rates for Government‐sponsored Research and Development: Would a Prediction Market Improve the Performance of the SBIR Programme?, London School of Economics and Political Science (2009) View citations (43) (2009)
30. Public gains from entrepreneurial research: Inferences about the economic value of public support of the Small Business Innovation Research program
    Chapter 6 in Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms, 2013, pp 105-112
    See also Journal Article Public gains from entrepreneurial research: Inferences about the economic value of public support of the Small Business Innovation Research program, Oxford University Press (2012) View citations (8) (2012)
    Working Paper Public Gains from Entrepreneurial Research: Inferences about the Economic Value of Public Support of the Small Business Innovation Research Program, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2012) View citations (7) (2012)
31. Public knowledge, private knowledge: the intellectual capital of entrepreneurs
    Chapter 7 in Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms, 2013, pp 113-126 View citations (3)
    See also Journal Article Public knowledge, private knowledge: the intellectual capital of entrepreneurs, Springer (2011) View citations (26) (2011)
    Working Paper Public Knowledge, Private Knowledge: The Intellectual Capital of Entrepreneurs, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2009) View citations (3) (2009)
32. Public/private technology partnerships: evaluating SBIR-supported research
    Chapter 5 in Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms, 2013, pp 91-104
    See also Journal Article Public/private technology partnerships: evaluating SBIR-supported research, Elsevier (2002) View citations (79) (2002)
33. Regional Appropriation of University-Based Knowledge and Technology for Economic Development
    Chapter 9 in Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms, 2013, pp 136-142 View citations (12)
    See also Working Paper Regional Appropriation of University-Based Knowledge and Technology for Economic Development, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2012) (2012)
    Journal Article Regional Appropriation of University-Based Knowledge and Technology for Economic Development, (2013) View citations (13) (2013)
34. Studies Conducted Using the National Research Council Database
    Palgrave Macmillan
35. The Economic Role of the SBIR Program
    Palgrave Macmillan
36. The National Research Council Database
    Palgrave Macmillan
37. The Productivity Slowdown in the United States
    Palgrave Macmillan
38. The SBIR Program
    Palgrave Macmillan
39. The exploitation of publicly funded technology
    Chapter 8 in Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms, 2013, pp 127-135 View citations (1)
    See also Journal Article The exploitation of publicly funded technology, Springer (2012) View citations (12) (2012)
    Working Paper The Exploitation of Publicly Funded Technology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2012) View citations (12) (2012)
40. The theory and practice of public-sector R&D economic impact analysis
    Chapter 2 in Handbook on the Theory and Practice of Program Evaluation, 2013, pp 15-55 View citations (11)
41. Toward an Evaluation of the SBIR Program
    Palgrave Macmillan
42. Universities as research partners in publicly supported entrepreneurial firms
    Chapter 12 in Public Support of Innovation in Entrepreneurial Firms, 2013, pp 175-192 View citations (2)
    See also Journal Article Universities as research partners in publicly supported entrepreneurial firms, Taylor & Francis Journals (2012) View citations (17) (2012)
    Working Paper Universities as Research Partners in Publicly Supported Entrepreneurial Firms, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2012) View citations (18) (2012)

2012

43. Introduction: Technology Transfer in the Global Economy
    Springer View citations (5)

2011

44. Government as entrepreneur: examples from US technology policy
    Chapter 20 in Handbook on the Economic Complexity of Technological Change, 2011
    See also Working Paper Government as Entrepreneur: Examples from U.S. Technology Policy, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics (2010) View citations (1) (2010)

2007

45. Public Policy and Entrepreneurship
    Chapter 7 in Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship Policy, 2007 View citations (3)

2005

46. Evaluating Public Sector R&D Programs: The Advanced Technology Program’s Investment in Wavelength References for Optical Fiber
    Springer View citations (5)
47. Research Joint Ventures in the United States: A Descriptive Analysis
    Springer View citations (4)

Editor

1. Palgrave Advances in Economics of Innovation and Technology
   Palgrave Macmillan
2. Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy
   Palgrave Macmillan
3. The Journal of Technology Transfer
   Springer