Details about Robert Simmons

Workplace:

Department of Economics, Management School, Lancaster University, (more information at EDIRC)

Access statistics for papers by Robert Simmons.

Last updated 2026-06-09. Update your information in the RePEc Author Service.

Short-id: psi378

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Working Papers

2025

1. Outcome uncertainty and the demand for women’s football
   Economics Department Working Paper Series, Department of Economics, National University of Ireland - Maynooth
2. Race and Coaching Hierarchy: Promotions and Firings of NFL Coaches
   Economics Department Working Paper Series, Department of Economics, National University of Ireland - Maynooth

2021

3. Assessing the Role of Fatigue and Task Switching on Worker Performance. Evidence from MLB Pitchers
   Economics Department Working Paper Series, Department of Economics, National University of Ireland - Maynooth
4. Race and Coaching Hierarchy
   Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department
5. Special Ones? The Effect of Head Coaches on Football Team Performance
   IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER View citations (2)
   Also in DoQSS Working Papers, Quantitative Social Science - UCL Social Research Institute, University College London (2021) View citations (1)
   See also Journal Article Special ones? The effect of head coaches on football team performance, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society (2024) (2024)

2020

6. IMPACTS OF THE GREAT RECESSION ON SPORT: EVIDENCE FROM ENGLISH FOOTBALL LEAGUE ATTENDANCE DEMAND
   Working Papers, University of Liverpool, Department of Economics View citations (2)
   See also Journal Article Impacts of the Great Recession on sport: evidence from English Football League attendance demand, Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press (2022) View citations (1) (2022)
7. Time To Go? Head Coach Quits and Dismissals in Professional Football
   Working Papers, University of Liverpool, Department of Economics View citations (5)
   Also in IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER (2017) View citations (5)
   DoQSS Working Papers, Quantitative Social Science - UCL Social Research Institute, University College London (2017) View citations (5)
   See also Journal Article Time To Go? Head Coach Quits and Dismissals in Professional Football, De Economist, Springer (2021) View citations (6) (2021)

2015

8. Rank-Order Tournaments, Probability of Winning and Investing in Talent: Evidence from Champions League Qualifying Rules
   IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER View citations (8)
   See also Journal Article Rank-Order Tournaments, Probability of Winning and Investing in Talent: Evidence from Champions' League Qualifying Rules, National Institute Economic Review, National Institute of Economic and Social Research (2015) View citations (8) (2015)

2014

9. An analysis of consumer response to corruption
   Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department View citations (5)

2013

10. Bad for business?
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department
11. Restaurant wars
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department View citations (2)

2012

12. Why Are Migrants Paid More?
    CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE View citations (1)

2010

13. Do Salaries Improve Worker Performance?
    CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE
    Also in Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department (2010)
14. Mixing the princes and the paupers: Pay and performance in the National Basketball Association
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department
15. What does it mean to find the Face of the Franchise? Physical Attractiveness and the Evaluation of Athletic Performance
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department View citations (1)

2009

16. The Effects of Coworker Heterogeneity on Firm-Level Output: Assessing the Impacts of Cultural and Language Diversity in the National Hockey League
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department View citations (26)
    See also Journal Article The Effects of Coworker Heterogeneity on Firm-Level Output: Assessing the Impacts of Cultural and Language Diversity in the National Hockey League, The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press (2013) View citations (95) (2013)
17. The Returns to Scarce Talent: Footedness and Player Remuneration in European Soccer
    CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE View citations (2)

2008

18. Race and the Evaluation of Signal Callers in the National Football League
    IASE Conference Papers, International Association of Sports Economists View citations (12)
    Also in Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department (2007)
    IASE Conference Papers, International Association of Sports Economists (2005) View citations (6)
    See also Journal Article Race and the Evaluation of Signal Callers in the National Football League, Journal of Sports Economics (2009) View citations (49) (2009)
19. The Effect of Incentives on Sabotage: The Case of Spanish Football
    IASE Conference Papers, International Association of Sports Economists View citations (3)
    See also Journal Article The Effect of Incentives on Sabotage: The Case of Spanish Football, Journal of Sports Economics (2010) View citations (40) (2010)

2007

20. A tale of two audiences: spectators, television viewers and outcome uncertainty in Spanish football
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department View citations (2)
21. Determinants of UK box office success: the impact of quality signals
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department View citations (2)
    See also Journal Article Determinants of UK Box Office Success: The Impact of Quality Signals, Review of Industrial Organization, Springer (2008) View citations (34) (2008)
22. Does it pay to specialize? The story from the Gridiron
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department
23. The Impact of Managerial Quality on Organizational Performance: Evidence from German Soccer
    Working Papers, International Association of Sports Economists View citations (2)
    Also in Efficiency Series Papers, University of Oviedo, Department of Economics, Oviedo Efficiency Group (OEG) (2006) View citations (2)
    See also Journal Article The impact of managerial quality on organizational performance: evidence from German soccer, Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (2008) View citations (64) (2008)
24. The Twelfth Man? Refereeing Bias in English and German Soccer
    Working Papers, International Association of Sports Economists View citations (8)
25. The allocation of rewards in athletic contests
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department View citations (1)

2006

26. Market size and attendance in English Premier League football
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department View citations (8)
27. Robust Estimates of the Impacts of Broadcasting on Match Attendance in Football
    IASE Conference Papers, International Association of Sports Economists View citations (8)
    Also in Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department (2006) View citations (11)

2005

28. Does market size matter for team success in sports?
    IASE Conference Papers, International Association of Sports Economists
29. Freedom of entry, market size and competitive outcome: evidence from English soccer
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department View citations (4)
    See also Journal Article Freedom of Entry, Market Size, and Competitive Outcome: Evidence from English Soccer, Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons (2007) View citations (6) (2007)
30. The Abortion-Crime Link: Evidence from England and Wales
    Occasional Papers, Industrial Economics Division View citations (3)
    See also Journal Article The Abortion–Crime Link: Evidence from England and Wales, Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science (2008) View citations (13) (2008)
31. The relationship between betting and lottery play: a high frequency time-series analysis
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department View citations (1)

2004

32. Does Worksharing Work? Some Empirical Evidence from the IAB Panel
    Discussion Papers, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Chair of Labour and Regional Economics View citations (7)
33. Outcome uncertainty and the couch potato audience
    Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department View citations (8)
    See also Journal Article OUTCOME UNCERTAINTY AND THE COUCH POTATO AUDIENCE, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society (2005) View citations (128) (2005)

2003

34. Broadcaster and Audience Demand for Premier League Football
    IASE Conference Papers, International Association of Sports Economists

Journal Articles

2025

1. The effect of task switching on productivity: evidence from major league baseball pitchers
   Oxford Economic Papers, 2025, 77, (3), 849-866

2024

2. COVID-19 infections and short-run worker performance: Evidence from European football
   European Journal of Operational Research, 2024, 315, (2), 750-763 View citations (2)
3. Guest Editorial
   Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), 2024, 244, (5-6), 447-451
4. Is there a nationality wage premium in European football?
   Sports Economics Review, 2024, 7, (C)
5. Special ones? The effect of head coaches on football team performance
   Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 2024, 71, (3), 295-322
   See also Working Paper Special Ones? The Effect of Head Coaches on Football Team Performance, IZA Discussion Papers (2021) View citations (2) (2021)

2023

6. The determinants of Black quarterback pay in the National Football League
   Managerial and Decision Economics, 2023, 44, (3), 1491-1503 View citations (3)

2022

7. Are workers rewarded for inconsistent performance?
   Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, 2022, 61, (2), 137-151 View citations (4)
8. Contracts, pay and performance in the sport of kings: Evidence from horse racing
   British Journal of Industrial Relations, 2022, 60, (1), 152-175
9. Impacts of the Great Recession on sport: evidence from English Football League attendance demand
   (US household tourism expenditure and the great recession: an analysis with the consumer expenditure survey)
   Oxford Economic Papers, 2022, 74, (1), 155-177 View citations (1)
   See also Working Paper IMPACTS OF THE GREAT RECESSION ON SPORT: EVIDENCE FROM ENGLISH FOOTBALL LEAGUE ATTENDANCE DEMAND, Working Papers (2020) View citations (2) (2020)
10. Professional Labor Markets in the Journal of Sports Economics
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2022, 23, (6), 728-748 View citations (7)
11. Where to Go Next? Examining the Effect of Franchise Expansion and Location on Game-Level Attendance in Major League Soccer
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2022, 23, (5), 524-547

2021

12. Time To Go? Head Coach Quits and Dismissals in Professional Football
    De Economist, 2021, 169, (1), 81-105 View citations (6)
    See also Working Paper Time To Go? Head Coach Quits and Dismissals in Professional Football, Working Papers (2020) View citations (5) (2020)

2020

13. Timing matters: worker absenteeism in a weekly backward rotating shift model
    The European Journal of Health Economics, 2020, 21, (9), 1399-1410

2019

14. The economics of sports betting; Placido Rodrigues
    Sport Management Review, 2019, 22, (2), 290-291

2017

15. The impact of exogenous shocks on exits from the Catholic and Protestant churches in Germany, 1953–2015
    Applied Economics Letters, 2017, 24, (20), 1476-1480

2016

16. An Analysis of Consumer Response to Corruption: Italy's Calciopoli Scandal
    Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 2016, 78, (1), 22-41 View citations (11)
17. On the Positive Expected Utility of Combination Wagers
    Decision Analysis, 2016, 13, (3), 209-212
18. Substitution between leisure activities: a quasi-natural experiment using sports viewing and cinema attendance
    Applied Economics, 2016, 48, (40), 3848-3860 View citations (9)

2015

19. Rank-Order Tournaments, Probability of Winning and Investing in Talent: Evidence from Champions' League Qualifying Rules
    National Institute Economic Review, 2015, 232, (1), R30-R40 View citations (8)
    See also Working Paper Rank-Order Tournaments, Probability of Winning and Investing in Talent: Evidence from Champions League Qualifying Rules, IZA Discussion Papers (2015) View citations (8) (2015)
20. Sports Economics: It May be Fun but What's the Point?
    National Institute Economic Review, 2015, 232, (1), R1-R3 View citations (4)
21. The Economics of Long-term Contracts in the Footballers' Labour Market
    Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 2015, 62, (1), 8-24 View citations (26)
22. Uncertainty of Outcome or Star Quality? Television Audience Demand for English Premier League Football
    International Journal of the Economics of Business, 2015, 22, (3), 449-469 View citations (66)

2014

23. Bad for Business? The Effects of Hooliganism on English Professional Football Clubs
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2014, 15, (5), 429-450 View citations (7)
24. Gate-Sharing and Talent Distribution in the English Football League
    International Journal of the Economics of Business, 2014, 21, (3), 413-429 View citations (9)
25. The Migrant Wage Premium in Professional Football: A Superstar Effect?
    Kyklos, 2014, 67, (1), 12-28 View citations (39)

2013

26. Editors’ Introduction
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2013, 14, (4), 339-340
27. Systematic Positive Expected Returns in the UK Fixed Odds Betting Market: An Analysis of the Fink Tank Predictions
    IJFS, 2013, 1, (4), 1-15 View citations (3)
28. The Effects of Coworker Heterogeneity on Firm-Level Output: Assessing the Impacts of Cultural and Language Diversity in the National Hockey League
    The Review of Economics and Statistics, 2013, 95, (1), 302-314 View citations (95)
    See also Working Paper The Effects of Coworker Heterogeneity on Firm-Level Output: Assessing the Impacts of Cultural and Language Diversity in the National Hockey League, Working Papers (2009) View citations (26) (2009)
29. The Hidden Costs of High-Performance Work Practices: Evidence from a Large German Steel Company
    ILR Review, 2013, 66, (1), 198-224 View citations (9)
30. The Returns to Scarce Talent
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2013, 14, (6), 606-628 View citations (74)

2012

31. Editors’ Introduction
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2012, 13, (4), 335-336
32. FAVORITISM AND REFEREE BIAS IN EUROPEAN SOCCER: EVIDENCE FROM THE SPANISH LEAGUE AND THE UEFA CHAMPIONS LEAGUE
    Contemporary Economic Policy, 2012, 30, (3), 329-343 View citations (36)

2011

33. Advertising media strategies in the film industry
    Applied Economics, 2011, 43, (29), 4461-4468 View citations (1)
34. Catching a draft: on the process of selecting quarterbacks in the National Football League amateur draft
    Journal of Productivity Analysis, 2011, 35, (1), 37-49 View citations (5)
35. Factors determining UK album success
    Applied Economics, 2011, 43, (30), 4699-4705 View citations (3)
36. Introduction
    Journal of Productivity Analysis, 2011, 35, (1), 1-3

2010

37. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BETTING AND LOTTERY PLAY
    Economic Inquiry, 2010, 48, (1), 26-38 View citations (4)
38. The 12th man?: refereeing bias in English and German soccer
    Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, 2010, 173, (2), 431-449 View citations (85)
39. The Effect of Incentives on Sabotage: The Case of Spanish Football
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2010, 11, (3), 243-260 View citations (40)
    See also Working Paper The Effect of Incentives on Sabotage: The Case of Spanish Football, IASE Conference Papers (2008) View citations (3) (2008)

2009

40. Book Review: Késenne, S. (2007). The Economic Theory of Professional Team Sports: An Analytical Treatment. Cheltenham, United Kingdom: Edward Elgar
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2009, 10, (2), 209-213
41. Editors' Introduction
    International Journal of Sport Finance, 2009, 4, (1), 3-4
42. Gains from Specialization and Free Agency: The Story from the Gridiron
    Review of Industrial Organization, 2009, 34, (1), 81-98 View citations (22)
43. Insights for clubs from modelling match attendance in football
    Journal of the Operational Research Society, 2009, 60, (2), 147-155 View citations (23)
44. Race and the Evaluation of Signal Callers in the National Football League
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2009, 10, (1), 23-43 View citations (49)
    See also Working Paper Race and the Evaluation of Signal Callers in the National Football League, IASE Conference Papers (2008) View citations (12) (2008)

2008

45. Competitive Balance and Attendance in Major League Baseball: An Empirical Test of the Uncertainty of Outcome Hypothesis
    International Journal of Sport Finance, 2008, 3, (3), 146-155
46. Determinants of UK Box Office Success: The Impact of Quality Signals
    Review of Industrial Organization, 2008, 33, (2), 93-111 View citations (34)
    See also Working Paper Determinants of UK box office success: the impact of quality signals, Working Papers (2007) View citations (2) (2007)
47. Human resource management practices and workers' job satisfaction
    International Journal of Manpower, 2008, 29, (7), 651-667 View citations (27)
48. Sentiment in the betting market on Spanish football
    Applied Economics, 2008, 40, (1), 119-126 View citations (78)
49. The Abortion–Crime Link: Evidence from England and Wales
    Economica, 2008, 75, (297), 1-21 View citations (13)
    See also Working Paper The Abortion-Crime Link: Evidence from England and Wales, Occasional Papers (2005) View citations (3) (2005)
50. The impact of managerial quality on organizational performance: evidence from German soccer
    Managerial and Decision Economics, 2008, 29, (7), 593-600 View citations (64)
    See also Working Paper The Impact of Managerial Quality on Organizational Performance: Evidence from German Soccer, Working Papers (2007) View citations (2) (2007)

2007

51. Freedom of Entry, Market Size, and Competitive Outcome: Evidence from English Soccer
    Southern Economic Journal, 2007, 74, (1), 204-213 View citations (6)
    See also Working Paper Freedom of entry, market size and competitive outcome: evidence from English soccer, Working Papers (2005) View citations (4) (2005)

2006

52. English Football
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2006, 7, (1), 29-46 View citations (25)
    See also Chapter English Football, Palgrave Macmillan Books, 2010, 162-181 (2010) (2010)
53. New Issues in Attendance Demand
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2006, 7, (3), 247-266 View citations (56)
54. The Financial Crisis in European Football
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2006, 7, (1), 3-12 View citations (37)

2005

55. DOES WORKSHARING WORK? SOME EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM THE IAB‐ESTABLISHMENT PANEL
    Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 2005, 52, (2), 141-176 View citations (20)
56. OUTCOME UNCERTAINTY AND THE COUCH POTATO AUDIENCE
    Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 2005, 52, (4), 641-661 View citations (128)
    See also Working Paper Outcome uncertainty and the couch potato audience, Working Papers (2004) View citations (8) (2004)
57. Odds-setters as forecasters: The case of English football
    International Journal of Forecasting, 2005, 21, (3), 551-564 View citations (115)

2004

58. Broadcasting, Attendance and the Inefficiency of Cartels
    Review of Industrial Organization, 2004, 24, (3), 243-265 View citations (69)
    See also Chapter Broadcasting, Attendance and the Inefficiency of Cartels, Palgrave Macmillan Books, 2010, 112-135 (2010) (2010)
59. Substitution between games in the UK national lottery
    Applied Economics, 2004, 36, (7), 645-651 View citations (12)

2003

60. Superstar Effects in Sport
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2003, 4, (1), 35-55 View citations (112)

2002

61. A Spatial Cross–Sectional Analysis of Elasticity of Demand for Soccer
    Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 2002, 49, (3), 336-356 View citations (5)
62. Buying a Dream: Alternative Models of Demand for Lotto
    Economic Inquiry, 2002, 40, (3), 485-496 View citations (11)

2001

63. Book Review: Winners and Losers: The Business Strategy of Football
    Journal of Sports Economics, 2001, 2, (4), 379-381
64. Friday May Never be the Same Again: Some Results on Work Sharing from Union–Firm Bargaining Models
    Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 2001, 48, (5), 488-516 View citations (16)

2000

65. Elasticity of Demand for UK National Lottery Tickets
    National Tax Journal, 2000, 53, (4), 853-64 View citations (25)
66. Forecasting sport: the behaviour and performance of football tipsters
    International Journal of Forecasting, 2000, 16, (3), 317-331 View citations (67)
67. Testing for rational expectations in the UK National Lottery
    Applied Economics, 2000, 32, (3), 315-326 View citations (13)

1999

68. The Labour Market in Association Football: Who Gets Transferred and For How Much?
    Bulletin of Economic Research, 1999, 51, (2), 125-50 View citations (51)

1992

69. The Union Response to the Poll Tax
    Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 1992, 39, (4), 431-38 View citations (1)

Edited books

Undated

1. The Economics of Sports Betting
   Books, Edward Elgar Publishing

Chapters

2021

1. Does live broadcasting displace gate attendances? Evidence from the English Football League
   Chapter 10 in A Modern Guide to Sports Economics, 2021, pp 152-173

2018

2. Impacts of co-worker heterogeneity on team performance
   Chapter 6 in Personnel Economics in Sports, 2018, pp 112-135

2017

3. Investigating the “hot hand” hypothesis: an application to European football
   Chapter 9 in The Economics of Sports Betting, 2017, pp 139-161
4. New empirical evidence on the Tote–SP anomaly and its implications for models of risky choice in gambling markets
   Chapter 6 in The Economics of Sports Betting, 2017, pp 92-104

2014

5. The footballers’ labour market after the Bosman ruling
   Chapter 13 in Handbook on the Economics of Professional Football, 2014, pp 203-226 View citations (1)

2013

6. Returns to thuggery in the National Hockey League: the effects of increased enforcement
   Chapter 5 in The Econometrics of Sport, 2013, pp 81-98 View citations (1)
7. Valuing the blind side: pay and performance of offensive linemen in the National Football League
   Chapter 6 in The Econometrics of Sport, 2013, pp 99-114

2012

8. Gambling and the NFL
   Springer

2010

9. Broadcasting, Attendance and the Inefficiency of Cartels
   Palgrave Macmillan
   See also Journal Article Broadcasting, Attendance and the Inefficiency of Cartels, Springer (2004) View citations (69) (2004)
10. English Football
    Palgrave Macmillan
    See also Journal Article English Football, (2006) View citations (25) (2006)
11. The Financial Crisis in European Football: An Introduction
    Palgrave Macmillan View citations (3)

2006

12. The Demand for Spectator Sports
    Chapter 8 in Handbook on the Economics of Sport, 2006 View citations (2)

2005

13. Economics of gambling
    Chapter 13 in Economics Uncut, 2005