PLOS Medicine

2004 - 2025

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Volume 20, issue 11, 2023

Patents and regulatory exclusivities on FDA-approved insulin products: A longitudinal database study, 1986–2019 pp. 1-19

Anders Olsen, Reed F Beall, Ryan P Knox, Sean S Tu, Aaron S Kesselheim and William B Feldman

Exercise and aerobic capacity in individuals with spinal cord injury: A systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression pp. 1-40

Daniel D Hodgkiss, Gurjeet S Bhangu, Carole Lunny, Catherine R Jutzeler, Shin-Yi Chiou, Matthias Walter, Samuel J E Lucas, Andrei V Krassioukov and Tom E Nightingale

Income-based differences in healthcare utilization in relation to mortality in the Swedish population between 2004–2017: A nationwide register study pp. 1-17

Pär Flodin, Peter Allebeck, Ester Gubi, Bo Burström and Emilie E Agardh

Long-term vaccination strategies to mitigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 transmission: A modelling study pp. 1-24

Alexandra B Hogan, Sean L Wu, Jaspreet Toor, Daniela Olivera Mesa, Patrick Doohan, Oliver J Watson, Peter Winskill, Giovanni Charles, Gregory Barnsley, Eleanor M Riley, David S Khoury, Neil M Ferguson and Azra C Ghani

Projected health and economic impacts of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation in Germany: A cross-validation modelling study pp. 1-25

Karl M F Emmert-Fees, Ben Amies-Cull, Nina Wawro, Jakob Linseisen, Matthias Staudigel, Annette Peters, Linda J Cobiac, Martin O’Flaherty, Peter Scarborough, Chris Kypridemos and Michael Laxy

Volume 20, issue 10, 2023

Measuring people’s views on health system performance: Design and development of the People’s Voice Survey pp. 1-15

Todd P Lewis, Neena R Kapoor, Amit Aryal, Rodrigo Bazua-Lobato, Susanne Carai, Emma Clarke-Deelder, Kevin Croke, Rashmi Dayalu, Laura Espinoza-Pajuelo, Günther Fink, Patricia J Garcia, Ezequiel Garcia-Elorrio, Theodros Getachew, Prashant Jarhyan, Munir Kassa, Soon Ae Kim, Agustina Mazzoni, Jesus Medina-Ranilla, Sailesh Mohan, Gebeyaw Molla, Mosa Moshabela, Inbarani Naidoo, Jacinta Nzinga, Juhwan Oh, Emelda A Okiro, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Javier Roberti, Gillian SteelFisher, Tefera Taddele, Ashenif Tadele, Xiaohui Wang, Roman Xu, Hannah H Leslie and Margaret E Kruk

Ethnic differences in early onset multimorbidity and associations with health service use, long-term prescribing, years of life lost, and mortality: A cross-sectional study using clustering in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink pp. 1-23

Fabiola Eto, Miriam Samuel, Rafael Henkin, Meera Mahesh, Tahania Ahmad, Alisha Angdembe, R Hamish McAllister-Williams, Paolo Missier, Nick J. Reynolds, Michael R. Barnes, Sally Hull, Sarah Finer and Rohini Mathur

Screening uptake of colonoscopy versus fecal immunochemical testing in first-degree relatives of patients with non-syndromic colorectal cancer: A multicenter, open-label, parallel-group, randomized trial (ParCoFit study) pp. 1-21

Natalia González-López, Enrique Quintero, Antonio Z Gimeno-Garcia, Luis Bujanda, Jesús Banales, Joaquin Cubiella, María Salve-Bouzo, Jesus Miguel Herrero-Rivas, Estela Cid-Delgado, Victoria Alvarez-Sanchez, Alejandro Ledo-Rodríguez, Maria Luisa de-Castro-Parga, Romina Fernández-Poceiro, Luciano Sanromán-Álvarez, Jose Santiago-Garcia, Alberto Herreros- de-Tejada, Teresa Ocaña-Bombardo, Francesc Balaguer, María Rodríguez-Soler, Rodrigo Jover, Marta Ponce, Cristina Alvarez-Urturi, Xavier Bessa, Maria-Pilar Roncales, Federico Sopeña, Angel Lanas, David Nicolás-Pérez, Zaida Adrián- de-Ganzo, Marta Carrillo-Palau, Enrique González-Dávila and On behalf of the Oncology Group of Asociación Española de Gastroenterología

Assessing eligibility for lung cancer screening using parsimonious ensemble machine learning models: A development and validation study pp. 1-18

Thomas Callender, Fergus Imrie, Bogdan Cebere, Nora Pashayan, Neal Navani, Mihaela van der Schaar and Sam M Janes

Volume 20, issue 9, 2023

Estimating the proportion of clinically suspected cholera cases that are true Vibrio cholerae infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis pp. 1-21

Kirsten E Wiens, Hanmeng Xu, Kaiyue Zou, John Mwaba, Justin Lessler, Espoir Bwenge Malembaka, Maya N Demby, Godfrey Bwire, Firdausi Qadri, Elizabeth C Lee and Andrew S Azman

Cost-effectiveness analysis of interventions to improve diagnosis and preventive therapy for paediatric tuberculosis in 9 sub-Saharan African countries: A modelling study pp. 1-18

Nyashadzaishe Mafirakureva, Sushant Mukherjee, Mikhael de Souza, Cassandra Kelly-Cirino, Mario J P Songane, Jennifer Cohn, Jean-François Lemaire, Martina Casenghi and Peter J Dodd

Impact of taxes and warning labels on red meat purchases among US consumers: A randomized controlled trial pp. 1-20

Lindsey Smith Taillie, Maxime Bercholz, Carmen E Prestemon, Isabella C A Higgins, Anna H Grummon, Marissa G Hall and Lindsay M Jaacks

Volume 20, issue 8, 2023

Cervical cerclage for prevention of preterm birth and adverse perinatal outcome in twin pregnancies with short cervical length or cervical dilatation: A systematic review and meta-analysis pp. 1-24

Francesco D’Antonio, Nashwa Eltaweel, Smriti Prasad, Maria Elena Flacco, Lamberto Manzoli and Asma Khalil

Volume 20, issue 7, 2023

Antimicrobial Resistance: Addressing a Global Threat to Humanity pp. 1-4

Timothy R Walsh, Ana C Gales, Ramanan Laxminarayan and Philippa C Dodd

Induction of labour at 39 weeks and adverse outcomes in low-risk pregnancies according to ethnicity, socioeconomic deprivation, and parity: A national cohort study in England pp. 1-16

Patrick Muller, Amar M Karia, Kirstin Webster, Fran Carroll, George Dunn, Alissa Frémeaux, Tina Harris, Hannah Knight, Sam Oddie, Asma Khalil, Jan Van Der Meulen and Ipek Gurol-Urganci

The potential impact of novel tuberculosis vaccine introduction on economic growth in low- and middle-income countries: A modeling study pp. 1-18

Allison Portnoy, Jean-Louis Arcand, Rebecca A Clark, Chathika K Weerasuriya, Christinah Mukandavire, Roel Bakker, Edith Patouillard, Nebiat Gebreselassie, Matteo Zignol, Mark Jit, Richard G White and Nicolas A Menzies

Analysis of bacterial vaginosis, the vaginal microbiome, and sexually transmitted infections following the provision of menstrual cups in Kenyan schools: Results of a nested study within a cluster randomized controlled trial pp. 1-18

Supriya D Mehta, Garazi Zulaika, Walter Agingu, Elizabeth Nyothach, Runa Bhaumik, Stefan J Green, Anna Maria van Eijk, Daniel Kwaro, Fredrick Otieno and Penelope Phillips-Howard

Understanding the impact of antimicrobial resistance on outcomes of bloodstream infections in low- and middle-income countries pp. 1-3

Marlieke E A de Kraker

Risk factors for inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain in 25 low- and middle-income countries: An individual-level participant meta-analysis pp. 1-35

Anne Marie Darling, Dongqing Wang, Nandita Perumal, Enju Liu, Molin Wang, Tahmeed Ahmed, Parul Christian, Kathryn G Dewey, Gilberto Kac, Stephen H Kennedy, Vishak Subramoney, Brittany Briggs, Wafaie W Fawzi and members of the GWG Pooling Project Consortium

The age profile of respiratory syncytial virus burden in preschool children of low- and middle-income countries: A semi-parametric, meta-regression approach pp. 1-25

Marina Antillón, Xiao Li, Lander Willem, Joke Bilcke, Investigators Resceu, Mark Jit and Philippe Beutels

Volume 20, issue 6, 2023

Prevalence and clonal diversity of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae causing neonatal infections: A systematic review of 128 articles across 30 countries pp. 1-30

Ya Hu, Yongqiang Yang, Yu Feng, Qingqing Fang, Chengcheng Wang, Feifei Zhao, Alan McNally and Zhiyong Zong

Treatment effect modification due to comorbidity: Individual participant data meta-analyses of 120 randomised controlled trials pp. 1-25

Peter Hanlon, Elaine W Butterly, Anoop SV Shah, Laurie J Hannigan, Jim Lewsey, Frances S Mair, David M Kent, Bruce Guthrie, Sarah H Wild, Nicky J Welton, Sofia Dias and David A McAllister

Patterns of antibiotic use, pathogens, and prediction of mortality in hospitalized neonates and young infants with sepsis: A global neonatal sepsis observational cohort study (NeoOBS) pp. 1-34

Neal J Russell, Wolfgang Stöhr, Nishad Plakkal, Aislinn Cook, James A Berkley, Bethou Adhisivam, Ramesh Agarwal, Nawshad Uddin Ahmed, Manica Balasegaram, Daynia Ballot, Adrie Bekker, Eitan Naaman Berezin, Davide Bilardi, Suppawat Boonkasidecha, Cristina G Carvalheiro, Neema Chami, Suman Chaurasia, Sara Chiurchiu, Viviane Rinaldi Favarin Colas, Simon Cousens, Tim R Cressey, Ana Carolina Dantas de Assis, Tran Minh Dien, Yijun Ding, Nguyen Trong Dung, Han Dong, Angela Dramowski, Madhusudhan Ds, Ajay Dudeja, Jinxing Feng, Youri Glupczynski, Srishti Goel, Herman Goossens, Doan Thi Huong Hao, Mahmudul Islam Khan, Tatiana Munera Huertas, Mohammad Shahidul Islam, Daniel Jarovsky, Nathalie Khavessian, Meera Khorana, Angeliki Kontou, Tomislav Kostyanev, Premsak Laoyookhon, Sorasak Lochindarat, Mattias Larsson, Maia De Luca, Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar, Nivedita Mondal, Nitu Mundhra, Philippa Musoke, Marisa M Mussi-Pinhata, Ruchi Nanavati, Firdose Nakwa, Sushma Nangia, Jolly Nankunda, Alessandra Nardone, Borna Nyaoke, Christina W Obiero, Maxensia Owor, Wang Ping, Kanchana Preedisripipat, Shamim Qazi, Lifeng Qi, Tanusha Ramdin, Amy Riddell, Lorenza Romani, Praewpan Roysuwan, Robin Saggers, Emmanuel Roilides, Samir K Saha, Kosmas Sarafidis, Valerie Tusubira, Reenu Thomas, Sithembiso Velaphi, Tuba Vilken, Xiaojiao Wang, Yajuan Wang, Yonghong Yang, Liu Zunjie, Sally Ellis, Julia A Bielicki, A Sarah Walker, Paul T Heath and Mike Sharland

The impact of inpatient bloodstream infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis pp. 1-34

Kasim Allel, Jennifer Stone, Eduardo A Undurraga, Lucy Day, Catrin E Moore, Leesa Lin, Luis Furuya-Kanamori and Laith Yakob

Implications of reducing antibiotic treatment duration for antimicrobial resistance in hospital settings: A modelling study and meta-analysis pp. 1-20

Yin Mo, Mathupanee Oonsivilai, Cherry Lim, Rene Niehus and Ben S Cooper

Impact of antibiotics on gut microbiome composition and resistome in the first years of life in low- to middle-income countries: A systematic review pp. 1-20

Charlie C Luchen, Mwelwa Chibuye, Rene Spijker, Michelo Simuyandi, Caroline Chisenga, Samuel Bosomprah, Roma Chilengi, Constance Schultsz, Daniel R Mende and Vanessa C Harris

Association between migration and severe maternal outcomes in high-income countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis pp. 1-21

Maxime Eslier, Elie Azria, Konstantinos Chatzistergiou, Zelda Stewart, Agnès Dechartres and Catherine Deneux-Tharaux

Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and its determinants among outpatient children in 3 low- and middle-income countries: A multicentric community-based cohort study pp. 1-22

Antoine Ardillon, Lison Ramblière, Elsa Kermorvant-Duchemin, Touch Sok, Andrianirina Zafitsara Zo, Jean-Baptiste Diouf, Pring Long, Siyin Lach, Fatoumata Diene Sarr, Laurence Borand, Felix Cheysson, Jean-Marc Collard, Perlinot Herindrainy, Agathe de Lauzanne, Muriel Vray, Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau, Didier Guillemot, Bich-Tram Huynh and On behalf of the BIRDY study Group

Caloric reductions needed to achieve obesity goals in Mexico for 2030 and 2040: A modeling study pp. 1-16

Francisco Reyes-Sánchez, Ana Basto-Abreu, Rossana Torres-Álvarez, Martha Carnalla-Cortés, Alan Reyes-García, Boyd Swinburn, Rafael Meza, Juan A Rivera, Barry Popkin and Tonatiuh Barientos-Gutiérrez

Volume 20, issue 4, 2023

The association between cognitive ability and body mass index: A sibling-comparison analysis in four longitudinal studies pp. 1-18

Liam Wright, Neil M Davies and David Bann

Impact on childhood mortality of interventions to improve drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) to households: Systematic review and meta-analysis pp. 1-31

Hugh Sharma Waddington, Edoardo Masset, Sarah Bick and Sandy Cairncross

COVID-19 and mental health: Building back better or reimagining a new way forward? pp. 1-4

Mark Tomlinson and Marguerite Marlow

Multimorbidity: Addressing the next global pandemic pp. 1-4

The PLOS Medicine Editors

Reimagining the journey to recovery: The COVID-19 pandemic and global mental health pp. 1-5

Vikram Patel, Daisy Fancourt, Toshi A Furukawa and Lola Kola

COVID-19 and mental health in 8 low- and middle-income countries: A prospective cohort study pp. 1-22

Nursena Aksunger, Corey Vernot, Rebecca Littman, Maarten Voors, Niccolò F Meriggi, Amanuel Abajobir, Bernd Beber, Katherine Dai, Dennis Egger, Asad Islam, Jocelyn Kelly, Arjun Kharel, Amani Matabaro, Andrés Moya, Pheliciah Mwachofi, Carolyn Nekesa, Eric Ochieng, Tabassum Rahman, Alexandra Scacco, Yvonne van Dalen, Michael Walker, Wendy Janssens and Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak

Evaluation of a community health worker home visit intervention to improve child development in South Africa: A cluster-randomized controlled trial pp. 1-22

Peter C Rockers, Jukka M Leppänen, Amanda Tarullo, Lezanie Coetzee, Günther Fink, Davidson H Hamer, Aisha K Yousafzai and Denise Evans

Inequalities in provision of hip and knee replacement surgery for osteoarthritis by age, sex, and social deprivation in England between 2007–2017: A population-based cohort study of the National Joint Registry pp. 1-15

Erik Lenguerrand, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Amar Rangan, Andrew Beswick, Michael R Whitehouse, Kevin Deere, Adrian Sayers, Ashley W Blom and Andrew Judge

The COVID-19 pandemic and health-related quality of life across 13 high- and low-middle-income countries: A cross-sectional analysis pp. 1-20

Mara Violato, Jack Pollard, Andrew Lloyd, Laurence S J Roope, Raymond Duch, Matias Fuentes Becerra and Philip M Clarke

Evaluation of the sugar-sweetened beverage tax in Oakland, United States, 2015–2019: A quasi-experimental and cost-effectiveness study pp. 1-20

Justin S White, Sanjay Basu, Scott Kaplan, Kristine A Madsen, Sofia B Villas-Boas and Dean Schillinger

Investigating time-dependent COVID-19 pandemic mental health data: Challenges and opportunities of using panel data analysis pp. 1-3

Mariana Pinto da Costa and Robert Stewart

Mental disorders and COVID-19 deaths: Clinical, public health, and human rights implications pp. 1-3

Shekhar Saxena and Cindy Chwa

Prevalence and characteristics of long COVID in elderly patients: An observational cohort study of over 2 million adults in the US pp. 1-17

Kin Wah Fung, Fitsum Baye, Seo H Baik, Zhaonian Zheng and Clement J McDonald

Home working and social and mental wellbeing at different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: Evidence from 7 longitudinal population surveys pp. 1-17

Jacques Wels, Bożena Wielgoszewska, Bettina Moltrecht, Charlotte Booth, Michael J Green, Olivia KL Hamilton, Evangelia Demou, Giorgio Di Gessa, Charlotte Huggins, Jingmin Zhu, Gillian Santorelli, Richard J Silverwood, Daniel Kopasker, Richard J Shaw, Alun Hughes, Praveetha Patalay, Claire Steves, Nishi Chaturvedi, David J Porteous, Rebecca Rhead, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi and George B Ploubidis

Association between antenatal diagnosis of late fetal growth restriction and educational outcomes in mid-childhood: A UK prospective cohort study with long-term data linkage study pp. 1-17

Laurentya Olga, Ulla Sovio, Hilary Wong, Gordon Smith and Catherine Aiken

COVID-19 and common mental health symptoms in the early phase of the pandemic: An umbrella review of the evidence pp. 1-38

Anke B Witteveen, Susanne Y Young, Pim Cuijpers, José Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Corrado Barbui, Federico Bertolini, Maria Cabello, Camilla Cadorin, Naomi Downes, Daniele Franzoi, Michael Gasior, Brandon Gray, Maria Melchior, Mark van Ommeren, Christina Palantza, Marianna Purgato, Judith van der Waerden, Siyuan Wang and Marit Sijbrandij

Volume 20, issue 3, 2023

Out-of-pocket expenditures and financial risks associated with treatment of vaccine-preventable diseases in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional costing analysis pp. 1-17

Solomon Tessema Memirie, Mieraf Taddesse Tolla, Eva Rumpler, Ryoko Sato, Sarah Bolongaita, Yohannes Lakew Tefera, Latera Tesfaye, Meseret Zelalem Tadesse, Fentabil Getnet, Tewodaj Mengistu and Stéphane Verguet

Strengthening implementation guidelines for HIV service delivery: Considerations for future evidence generation and synthesis pp. 1-13

Ingrid Eshun-Wilson, Nathan Ford, Aaloke Mody, Laura Beres, Sheree Schwartz, Stefan Baral and Elvin H Geng

Maternal immunisation against Group B Streptococcus: A global analysis of health impact and cost-effectiveness pp. 1-20

Simon R Procter, Bronner P Gonçalves, Proma Paul, Jaya Chandna, Farah Seedat, Artemis Koukounari, Raymond Hutubessy, Caroline Trotter, Joy E Lawn and Mark Jit

Incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of HBV reactivation in non-liver solid organ transplant recipients with resolved HBV infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis pp. 1-20

Saifu Yin, Fan Zhang, Jiapei Wu, Tao Lin and Xianding Wang

Demand creation for HIV testing services: A systematic review and meta-analysis pp. 1-41

Anjuli D Wagner, Irene N Njuguna, Jillian Neary, Kendall A Lawley, Diana K N Louden, Ruchi Tiwari, Wenwen Jiang, Ngozi Kalu, Rachael M Burke, Dorothy Mangale, Chris Obermeyer, Jaclyn N Escudero, Michelle A Bulterys, Chloe Waters, Bastien Mollo, Hannah Han, Magdalena Barr-DiChiara, Rachel Baggaley, Muhammad S Jamil, Purvi Shah, Vincent J Wong, Alison L Drake and Cheryl C Johnson

Prevalence and natural history of depression after stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies pp. 1-21

Lu Liu, Min Xu, Iain J Marshall, Charles DA Wolfe, Yanzhong Wang and Matthew DL O’Connell

Combined and progestagen-only hormonal contraceptives and breast cancer risk: A UK nested case–control study and meta-analysis pp. 1-18

Danielle Fitzpatrick, Kirstin Pirie, Gillian Reeves, Jane Green and Valerie Beral

Volume 20, issue 1, 2023

The cost and cost-effectiveness of novel tuberculosis vaccines in low- and middle-income countries: A modeling study pp. 1-18

Allison Portnoy, Rebecca A Clark, Matthew Quaife, Chathika K Weerasuriya, Christinah Mukandavire, Roel Bakker, Arminder K Deol, Shelly Malhotra, Nebiat Gebreselassie, Matteo Zignol, So Yoon Sim, Raymond C W Hutubessy, Inés Garcia Baena, Nobuyuki Nishikiori, Mark Jit, Richard G White and Nicolas A Menzies

Associations between trajectories of obesity prevalence in English primary school children and the UK soft drinks industry levy: An interrupted time series analysis of surveillance data pp. 1-18

Nina T Rogers, Steven Cummins, Hannah Forde, Catrin P Jones, Oliver Mytton, Harry Rutter, Stephen J Sharp, Dolly Theis, Martin White and Jean Adams

Therapeutic potential of IL6R blockade for the treatment of sepsis and sepsis-related death: A Mendelian randomisation study pp. 1-22

Fergus W Hamilton, Matt Thomas, David Arnold, Tom Palmer, Ed Moran, Alexander J Mentzer, Nick Maskell, Kenneth Baillie, Charlotte Summers, Aroon Hingorani, Alasdair MacGowan, Golam M Khandaker, Ruth Mitchell, George Davey Smith, Peter Ghazal and Nicholas J Timpson

Comorbidity and health-related quality of life in people with a chronic medical condition in randomised clinical trials: An individual participant data meta-analysis pp. 1-19

Elaine W Butterly, Peter Hanlon, Anoop S V Shah, Laurie J Hannigan, Emma McIntosh, Jim Lewsey, Sarah H Wild, Bruce Guthrie, Frances S Mair, David M Kent, Sofia Dias, Nicky J Welton and David A McAllister

Mandatory, voluntary, repetitive, or one-off post-migration follow-up for tuberculosis prevention and control: A systematic review pp. 1-20

Katharina Wahedi, Dominik Zenner, Sergio Flores and Kayvan Bozorgmehr

Essential childhood immunization in 43 low- and middle-income countries: Analysis of spatial trends and socioeconomic inequalities in vaccine coverage pp. 1-20

Anna Dimitrova, Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar, Robin Richardson and Tarik Benmarhnia

Healthy lifestyle choices and microvascular complications: New insights into diabetes management pp. 1-3

Yogini V Chudasama and Kamlesh Khunti

US and EU Free Trade Agreements and implementation of policies to control tobacco, alcohol, and unhealthy food and drinks: A quasi-experimental analysis pp. 1-17

Pepita Barlow and Luke N Allen

Improving cascade outcomes for active TB: A global systematic review and meta-analysis of TB interventions pp. 1-30

Gifty Marley, Xia Zou, Juan Nie, Weibin Cheng, Yewei Xie, Huipeng Liao, Yehua Wang, Yusha Tao, Joseph D Tucker, Sean Sylvia, Roger Chou, Dan Wu, Jason Ong and Weiming Tang