IZA Discussion Papers

From Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
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14361: Mismatch Unemployment in Austria: The Role of Regional Labour Markets for Skills

René Böheim and Michael Christl

14360: The Gender Gap in Income and the COVID-19 Pandemic

Karina Doorley, Cathal O'Donoghue and Denisa Sologon

14359: Parents under Stress: Evaluating Emergency Childcare Policies during the First COVID-19 Lockdown in Germany

Simone Schüller and Hannah S. Steinberg

14358: Literacy and Information

Achmad Tohari, Christopher Parsons and Anu Rammohan

14357: Why a Labour Market Boom Does Not Necessarily Bring Down Inequality: Putting Together Germany's Inequality Puzzle

Martin Biewen and Miriam Sturm

14356: Zooming to Class?: Experimental Evidence on College Students' Online Learning during COVID-19

Michael Kofoed, Lucas Gebhart, Dallas Gilmore and Ryan Moschitto

14355: Time is of the Essence: Climate Adaptation Induced by Existing Institutions

Antonio Bento, Noah Miller, Mehreen Mookerjee and Edson Severnini

14354: The Political Effects of Immigration: Culture or Economics?

Alberto Alesina and Marco Tabellini

14353: Air Pollution and Adult Cognition: Evidence from Brain Training

Andrea La Nauze and Edson Severnini

14352: Effects of Mandatory Military Service on Wages and Other Socioeconomic Outcomes

Patrick Puhani and Margret K. Sterrenberg

14351: Formation of College Plans: Expected Returns, Preferences and Adjustment Process

Ghazala Azmat and Katja Kaufmann

14350: Assessing Gender Gaps in Employment and Earnings in Africa: The Case of Eswatini

Zuzana Brixiová Schwidrowski, Susumu Imai, Thierry Kangoye and Nadege Desiree Yameogo

14349: When Should We (Not) Interpret Linear IV Estimands as LATE?

Tymon Słoczyński

14348: Maternal Labor Supply: Perceived Returns, Constraints, and Social Norms

Teodora Boneva, Katja Kaufmann and Christopher Rauh

14347: Estimating Social Preferences Using Stated Satisfaction: Novel Support for Inequity Aversion

Lina Diaz, Daniel Houser, John Ifcher and Homa Zarghamee

14346: Friday Morning Fever. Evidence from a Randomized Experiment on Sick Leave Monitoring in the Public Sector

Tito Boeri, Edoardo Di Porto, Paolo Naticchioni and Vincenzo Scrutinio

14345: "Too Shocked to Search": The COVID-19 Shutdowns' Impact on the Search for Apprenticeships

Daniel Goller and Stefan Wolter

14344: The Economics of Diversity: Innovation, Productivity, and the Labour Market

Ceren Ozgen

14343: Widows' Time, Time Stress and Happiness: Adjusting to Loss

Daniel Hamermesh, Michal Myck and Monika Oczkowska

14342: Effects of Scaling up Private School Choice Programs on Public School Students

David Figlio, Cassandra M. D. Hart and Krzysztof Karbownik

14341: The Race of Man and Machine: Implications of Technology When Abilities and Demand Constraints Matter

Thomas Gries and Wim Naudé

14340: The Effects of Shortening Potential Benefit Duration: Evidence from Regional Cut-Offs and a Policy Reform

Ewa Gałecka-Burdziak, Marek Góra, Jonas Jessen, Robin Jessen and Jochen Kluve

14339: Stratification of Returns to Higher Education in Peru: The Role of Education Quality and Major Choices

Alan Sanchez, Marta Favara and Catherine Porter

14338: Decreasing Time to Baccalaureate Degree in the United States

Jeffrey Denning, Eric R. Eide, Kevin Mumford and Daniel Sabey

14337: How Has COVID-19 Affected the Intention to Migrate via the Backway to Europe and to a Neighboring African Country? Survey Evidence and a Salience Experiment in the Gambia

Tijan L. Bah, Catia Batista, Flore Gubert and David McKenzie

14336: Work from Home & Productivity: Evidence from Personnel & Analytics Data on IT Professionals

Michael Gibbs, Friederike Mengel and Christoph Siemroth

14335: The Impact of Selection into the Labor Force on the Gender Wage Gap

Francine Blau, Lawrence Kahn, Nikolai Boboshko and Matthew Comey

14334: Is Large-Scale Rapid Cov-2 Testing a Substitute For Lockdowns? The Case of Tuebingen

Marc Diederichs, Peter G. Kremsner, Timo Mitze, Gernot Müller, Dominik Papies, Felix Schulz and Klaus Wälde

14333: The Dynamics of Return Migration, Human Capital Accumulation, and Wage Assimilation

Jerome Adda, Christian Dustmann and Joseph-Simon Goerlach

14332: What Drives Social Returns to Education? A Meta-Analysis

Ying Cui and Pedro Martins

14331: Permanent and Transitory Responses to Capital Gains Taxes: Evidence from a Lifetime Exemption in Canada

Adam Lavecchia and Alisa Tazhitdinova

14330: The Influence of Value-Chain Governance on Innovation Performance: A Study of Italian Suppliers

Emanuele Brancati, Carlo Pietrobelli and Caio Torres Mazzi

14329: Short-Time Work and Precautionary Savings

Thomas Dengler and Britta Gehrke

14328: How to Improve Worker-Firm Matching: Evidence from a Temporary Foreign Worker Market

Yoon Y. Cho and Soohyung Lee

14327: Experiencing Booms and Busts in the Welfare State and Support for Redistribution

Kerstin F. Hansen and Alois Stutzer

14326: Encouragement and Distortionary Effects of Conditional Cash Transfers

Gharad Bryan, Shyamal Chowdhury, Ahmed Mobarak, Melanie Morten and Joeri Smits

14325: The Return to Hours Worked within and across Occupations: Implications for the Gender Wage Gap

Jeffrey Denning, Brian A. Jacob, Lars Lefgren and Christian vom Lehn

14324: Death on the Job: The Great Recession and Work-Related Traffic Fatalities

Michael French and Gulcin Gumus

14323: New Moneys under the New Normal? Bitcoin and Gold Interdependence during COVID Times

Pablo Agnese and Jonathan Thoss

14322: "Fear Is the Path to the Dark Side". Electoral Results and the Workplace Safety of Immigrants

D’Ambrosio, Anna, Roberto Leombruni and Tiziano Razzolini

14321: Labor Market Institutions and the Incidence of Payroll Taxation

Jinyoung Kim, Seonghoon Kim and Kanghyock Koh

14320: Achievement Rank Affects Performance and Major Choices in College

Benjamin Elsner, Ingo Isphording and Ulf Zölitz

14319: Attitudes Towards Migrants during Crisis Times

Marisol Rodriguez Chatruc and Sandra Rozo

14318: The Effects of Unemployment on Health, Hospitalizations, and Mortality - Evidence from Administrative Data

Matija Vodopivec, Suzana Laporšek, Janez Stare and Milan Vodopivec

14317: Structural Models for Policy-Making: Coping with Parametric Uncertainty

Philipp Eisenhauer, Janos Gabler and Lena Janys

14316: Mental Health and Abortions among Young Women: Time-Varying Unobserved Heterogeneity, Health Behaviors, and Risky Decisions

Lena Janys and Bettina M. Siflinger

14315: What Explains Vietnam's Exceptional Performance in Education Relative to Other Countries? Analysis of the 2012 and 2015 Pisa Data

Hai-Anh Dang, Paul Glewwe, Khoa Vu and Jongwook Lee

14314: Understanding the Origins of Populist Political Parties and the Role of External Shocks

Eugenio Levi, Isabelle Sin and Steven Stillman

14313: Gaining, Losing, and Regaining Merit-Based Scholarships

David Ribar and Ross Rubenstein

14312: Racial Diversity, Electoral Preferences, and the Supply of Policy: The Great Migration and Civil Rights

Alvaro Calderon, Vasiliki Fouka and Marco Tabellini

14311: Changing Ingroup Boundaries: The Effect of Immigration on Race Relations in the US

Vasiliki Fouka and Marco Tabellini

14310: Does Higher Education Make You More Entrepreneurial? Causal Evidence from China

Bin Huang, Max Tani and Yu Zhu

14309: May AI Revolution Be Labour-Friendly? Some Micro Evidence from the Supply Side

Giacomo Damioli, Vincent Van Roy, Daniel Vertesy and Marco Vivarelli

14308: Freedom of Speech, Deterrence, and Compellence in the Parliament

Duha Altindag, Naci Mocan and Jie Zhang

14307: Sooner Rather Than Later: Social Networks and Technology Adoption

Shyamal Chowdhury, Varun Satish, Munshi Sulaiman and Yi Sun

14306: Equal Time for Equal Crime? Racial Bias in School Discipline

Ying Shi and Maria Zhu

14305: Biased Teachers and Gender Gap in Learning Outcomes: Evidence from India

Sonali Rakshit and Soham Sahoo

14304: Malleability of Preferences for Honesty

Johannes Abeler, Armin Falk and Fabian Kosse

14303: How Does It Feel to Be Part of the Minority? Impacts of Perspective-Taking on Prosocial Behaviors

Marisol Rodriguez Chatruc and Sandra Rozo

14302: Minimum Wages in New Zealand: Policy and Practice in the 21st Century

David Maré and Dean Hyslop

14301: Financial Advice and Household Financial Portfolios

Sarah Brown, Alessandro Bucciol, Alberto Montagnoli and Karl Taylor

14300: Parental Assortative Mating and the Intergenerational Transmission of Human Capital

Paul Bingley, Lorenzo Cappellari and Konstantinos Tatsiramos

14299: More Than a Ban on Smoking? Behavioural Spillovers of Smoking Bans in the Workplace

Joan Costa-Font, Luca Salmasi and Sarah Zaccagni

14298: Learning Loss and Educational Inequalities in Europe: Mapping the Potential Consequences of the COVID-19 Crisis

Zsuzsa Blaskó, Patricia da Costa and Sylke Schnepf

14297: Opening up Military Innovation: Causal Effects of 'Bottom-up' Reforms to U.S. Defense Research

Sabrina T. Howell, Jason Rathje, John van Reenen and Jun Wong

14296: Downstream Effects of Voting on Turnout and Political Preferences: Long-Run Evidence from the UK

Jonas Jessen, Daniel Kühnle and Markus Wagner

14295: Climate Adaptation Policies and Infant Health: Evidence from a Water Policy in Brazil

Daniel Da Mata, Lucas Emanuel, Vitor Pereira and Breno Sampaio

14294: Working Beyond the Normal Retirement Age in Urban China and Urban Russia

Björn Anders Gustafsson, Ludmila Nivorozhkina and Haiyuan Wan

14293: Revisiting Gender Identity and Relative Income within Households: A Cautionary Tale on the Potential Pitfalls of Density Estimators

Daniel Kühnle, Michael Oberfichtner and Kerstin Ostermann

14292: The Public Health Effects of Legalizing Marijuana

D. Mark Anderson and Daniel I. Rees

14291: The Persistent Effect of Famine on Present-Day China: Evidence from the Billionaires

Pramod Sur and Masaru Sasaki

14290: Worker Commitment and Establishment Performance

John Addison and Paulino Teixeira

14289: Expecting Better? How Young People Form Their Earnings Expectations

Marta Favara, Paul Glewwe, Catherine Porter and Alan Sanchez

14288: Do High Schools Choose Financial Education Policies Based on Their Neighbors?

Allison Luedtke and Carly Urban

14287: Common Ownership of Competing Firms: Evidence from Australia

Andrew Leigh and Adam Triggs

14286: Aversion to Breaking Rules and Migration

Massimo Anelli, Tommaso Colussi and Andrea Ichino

14285: Job Design, Learning & Intrinsic Motivation

Michael Gibbs

14284: Dodging a Draft: Gary Becker's Lost Paper on Conscription

Michael Gibbs and Tim Perri

14283: Wage Flexibility under Sectoral Bargaining

David Card and Ana Rute Cardoso

14282: Can Older Workers Be Retrained? Canadian Evidence from Worker-Firm Linked Data

Tony Fang, Morley Gunderson and Byron Lee

14281: Mental Health Costs of Lockdowns: Evidence from Age-Specific Curfews in Turkey

Onur Altindag, Bilge Erten and Pinar Keskin

14280: Charter Schools and the Segregation of Students by Income

Kari Dalane and Dave Marcotte

14279: Low, High and Super Congestion of a Renewable Natural Resource under Autarky and Trade

Maurice Schiff

14278: By Choice or by Force? Exploring the Nature of Informal Employment in Urban Mexico

Robert Duval Hernández

14277: Effects of Measures of Teachers' Quality on Tertiary Education Attendance: Evaluation Tests versus Value Added

Juan Díaz, Rafael Sanchez, Gabriel Villarroel and Mauricio Villena

14276: The Changing Distribution of the Male Ethnic Wage Gap in Great Britain

Ken Clark and Steve Nolan

14275: Do Parents Expect Too Much or Is It All about Grades? The Discrepancy between Parents' Aspirations and Child's Academic Performance, and Parental Satisfaction with the School

Stefani Milovanska-Farrington

14274: The Effect of Child Benefits on Financial Difficulties and Spending Habits: Evidence from Poland's Family 500+ Program

Stefani Milovanska-Farrington

14273: Job Loss and Food Insecurity during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Stefani Milovanska-Farrington

14272: The Effect of a Health and Economic Shock on the Gender, Ethnic and Racial Gap in Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from COVID-19

Stefani Milovanska-Farrington

14271: The Effect of Parental and Grandparental Supervision Time Investment on Children's Early-Age Development

Stefani Milovanska-Farrington

14270: Happiness, Domains of Life Satisfaction, Perceptions, and Valuation Differences Across Genders

Stefani Milovanska-Farrington and Stephen Farrington

14269: The Labour Market Impact of COVID-19: Early Evidence for a Sample of Enterprises from Southern Europe

Allan Webster, Sangeeta Khorana and Francesco Pastore

14268: Do Supplementary Jobs for Welfare Recipients Increase the Chance of Welfare Exit? Evidence from Germany

Alexander Mosthaf, Thorsten Schank and Stefan Schwarz

14267: Development Level of Hosting Areas and the Impact of Refugees on Natives' Labor Market Outcomes

Doğu Tan Aracı, Murat Demirci and Murat Kırdar

14266: The COVID-19 Pandemic and Mental Health: Disentangling Crucial Channels

Bettina M. Siflinger, Michaela Paffenholz, Sebastian Seitz, Moritz Mendel and Hans-Martin von Gaudecker

14265: Aid and Radicalization: The Case of Hamas in the West Bank and Gaza

Amit Loewenthal, Sami Miaari and Anke Hoeffler

14264: College as a Marriage Market

Lars Kirkebøen, Edwin Leuven and Magne Mogstad

14263: Out of Communal Land: Clientelism through Delegation of Agricultural Tenancy Contracts

Takashi Kurosaki, Saumik Paul and Firman Witoelar

14262: The Impact of Paid Family Leave on Employers: Evidence from New York

Ann P. Bartel, Maya Rossin-Slater, Christopher Ruhm, Meredith Slopen and Jane Waldfogel