IMF Working Papers

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2002/089: Export Orientation and Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa

Catherine Pattillo and Taye Mengistae

2002/088: Caribbean offshore Financial Centers: Past, Present, and Possibilities for the Future

Esther Suss, Oral Williams and Chandima Mendis

2002/087: Fiscal Policy and Economic Activity During Recessions in Advanced Economies

Axel Schimmelpfennig, Selma Mahfouz and Richard Hemming

2002/086: Determinants and Repercussions of the Composition of Capital Inflows

Mark Carlson and Leonardo Hernández

2002/085: When is Economic Growth Pro-Poor? Experiences in Malaysia and Pakistan

Mahmood Khan

2002/084: Money, Meat, and Inflation: Using Price Data to Understand An Export Shock in Sudan

Rodney Ramcharan

2002/083: Family Attachment and the Decision to Move by Race

Antonio Spilimbergo and Luis Ubeda

2002/082: Do “Flexible” Exchange Rates of Developing Countries Behave Like the Floating Exchange Rates of Industrialized Countries?

Peter Wickham

2002/081: Statistical Inference as a Bargaining Game

Eduardo Ley

2002/080: Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanisms and Inflation in Slovakia

Louis Kuijs

2002/079: The Choice Between External and Domestic Debt in Financing Budget Deficits: The Case of Central and West African Countries

Philippe Beaugrand, Montfort Mlachila and Boileau Loko

2002/078: Composition of Government Expenditures and Demand for Education in Developing Countries

John Matovu and Era Dabla-Norris

2002/077: Expenditure Composition, Fiscal Adjustment, and Growth in Low-Income Countries

Benedict Clements, Sanjeev Gupta, Emanuele Baldacci and Carlos Mulas-Granados

2002/076: Macroeconomic Management and the Devolution of Fiscal Powers

International Monetary Fund

2002/075: Growing Up with Capital Flows

Ashoka Mody and Antu Murshid

2002/074: International Contagion Effects from the Russian Crisis and the LTCM Near-Collapse

Renee Fry-McKibbin, Vance Martin, Brenda Gonzalez-Hermosillo and Mardi Dungey

2002/073: Vested Interests in a Positive Theory of IFI Conditionality

Alex Mourmouras and Wolfgang Mayer

2002/072: Is Policy Ownership An Operational Concept?

James Boughton and Alex Mourmouras

2002/071: The Costs and Benefits of Various Wage Bargaining Structures: An Empirical Exploration

Alun Thomas

2002/070: You Say You Want A Revolution: Information Technology and Growth

James Morsink and Markus Haacker

2002/069: External Debt and Growth

Hélène Poirson, Luca Ricci and Catherine Pattillo

2002/068: The Aging of the Population and the Size of the Welfare State

Phillip Swagel, Efraim Sadka and Assaf Razin

2002/067: Fiscal Revenues in South Mediterranean Arab Countries: Vulnerabilities and Growth Potential

Karim Nashashibi

2002/066: The Boom, Bust and Restructuring of Indonesian Banks

Mari Pangestu and Manggi Habir

2002/065: Reserve Requirementson Foreign Currency Deposits in Sub-Saharan Africa: Main Features and Policy Implications

Arto Kovanen

2002/064: What Moves Capital to Transition Economies?

Nada Mora, Ratna Sahay, Jeromin Zettelmeyer and Pietro Garibaldi

2002/063: Dread of Depreciation: Measuring Real Exchange Rate Interventions

Jayasri Dutta

2002/062: Holding International Reserves in an Era of High Capital Mobility

Robert Flood and Nancy Marion

2002/061: Foreign Direct Investment in Africa—Some Case Studies

Anupam Basu and Krishna Srinivasan

2002/060: Energy Sector Quasi-Fiscal Activities in the Countries of the Former Soviet Union

Aleh Tsyvinski, Martin Petri and Günther Taube

2002/059: The Role of Corporate, Legal and Macroeconomic Balance Sheet Indicators in Crisis Detection and Prevention

Manuel De la Rocha, Roberto Perrelli and Christian Mulder

2002/058: How Do Treasury Systems Operate in Sub-Saharan Francophone Africa?

Luc Leruth, Dominique Bouley and Jerome Fournel

2002/057: Early Ideas on Sovereign Bankruptcy Reorganization: A Survey

Kenneth Rogoff and Jeromin Zettelmeyer

2002/056: Banking Crises and Bank Resolution: Experiences in Some Transition Economies

International Monetary Fund

2002/055: Systemic Risk and Financial Consolidation: Are they Related?

Gianni De Nicolo and Myron Kwast

2002/054: The Transmission Mechanism of European Monetary Policy: Is There Heterogeneity? Is it Changing over Time?

Matteo Ciccarelli and Alessandro Rebucci

2002/053: Credit Stagnation in Latin America

Adolfo Barajas and Roberto Steiner

2002/052: Why White, Not Keynes? Inventing the Post-War International Monetary System

James Boughton

2002/051: External Wealth, the Trade Balance, and the Real Exchange Rate

Philip Lane and Gian Maria Milesi-Ferretti

2002/050: Primeron Reforms in a Second-Best Ambiguous Environment: A Case for Gradualism

S. Erbas

2002/049: The Rule of Law and the Pattern of Environment Protection

Muthukumara Mani and Per Fredriksson

2002/048: Candidate Entry, Screening, and the Political Budget Cycle

Eric Le Borgne and Ben Lockwood

2002/047: Foreign Direct Investment in Emerging Markets: Income, Repatriations and Financial Vulnerabillities

Alexander Lehmann

2002/046: Regulatory and Supervisory Independence and Financial Stability

Michael Taylor and Marc Quintyn

2002/045: The Impact of Cyclical Factors on the U. S. Balance of Payments

Joshua Greene and Magda Kandil

2002/044: Optimal Central Bank Conservatism and Monopoly Trade Unions

Carsten Hefeker, Helge Berger and Ronnie Schlöb

2002/043: International Capital Crunches: The Time-Varying Role of Informational Asymmetries

Ashoka Mody and Mark Taylor

2002/042: Wage Inequality in the United Kingdom, 1975–99

Eswar Prasad

2002/041: A Dynamic General Equilibrium Framework of Investment with Financing Constraint

Danyang Xie and Chi-Wa Yuen

2002/040: Issues in Global Natural Gas: A Primer and Analysis

Bright Okogu

2002/039: Dornbusch’s Overshooting Model After Twenty-Five Years

Kenneth Rogoff

2002/038: The Economic Consequences of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa

Markus Haacker

2002/037: On-the-Job Search and the Beveridge Curve

Andrés Fuentes Hutfilter

2002/036: Columbia or High School? Understanding the Roles of Education in Development

Rodney Ramcharan

2002/035: Social Sector Spending in a Panel of Countries

Reza Baqir

2002/034: Monetary Rules for Emerging Market Economies

Alessandro Rebucci and Fabio Ghironi

2002/033: Trust As a Means of Improving Corporate Governance and Efficiency

Ralph Chami and Connel Fullenkamp

2002/032: Purchasing Power Parity and New Trade Theory

Luca Ricci and Ronald MacDonald

2002/031: A Model of Multiple Equilibria in Geographic Labor Mobility

Luis Ubeda and Antonio Spilimbergo

2002/030: Nominal Exchange Rate Anchoring Under Inflation Inertia

Guillermo Calvo, Michael Kumhof and Oya Celasun

2002/029: A Fiscal Theory of the Currency Risk Premium and of Sterilized Intervention

Michael Kumhof and Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh

2002/028: The Forward Premium Puzzle Revisited

Guy Meredith and Yue Ma

2002/027: Commodity Currencies and Empirical Exchange Rate Puzzles

Kenneth Rogoff and Yu-chin Chen

2002/026: Growth and Convergence in a Two-Region Model: The Hypothetical Case of Korean Unification

Michael Funke and Holger Strulik

2002/025: The Output Decline in Asian Crisis Countries: Investment Aspects

Joshua Greene

2002/024: Assessing Accuracy and Reliability: A Note Basedon Approaches Used in National Accounts and Balance of Payments Statistics

Carol Carson and Lucie Laliberté

2002/023: Why is Unemployment High in the Philippines?

R. Brooks

2002/022: Budget System Reform in Transitional Economies: The Experience of Russia

Jack Diamond

2002/021: The New Russian Budget System: A Critical Assessment and Future Reform Agenda

Jack Diamond

2002/020: Lending Booms, Real Estate Bubbles and the Asian Crisis

Abdelhak Senhadji and Charles Collyns

2002/019: Debt, Deficits, and Age-Specific Mortality

Hamid Faruqee

2002/018: A New Rule: The Swiss Debt Brake

Stephan Danninger

2002/017: The Role of Affordable Mortgages in Improving Living Standards and Stimulating Growth: A Survey of Selected Mena Countries

Frank Nothaft and S. Erbas

2002/016: Population Aging and its Macroeconomic Implications: A Framework for Analysis

Hamid Faruqee

2002/015: Activation of a Modern Industry

Danyang Xie and Ping Wang

2002/014: Exchange Market Pressure, Currency Crises, and Monetary Policy: Additional Evidence From Emerging Markets

Evan Tanner

2002/013: Sources of Economic Growth in East Asia: A Nonparametric Assessment

Mohsin Khan, Shigeru Iwata and Hiroshi Murao

2002/012: Mexico: Experiences with Pro-Poor Expenditure Policies

Ana Corbacho and Gerd Schwartz

2002/011: Capital Flows to Transition Economies: Master or Servant?

Leslie Lipschitz, Alex Mourmouras and Timothy Lane

2002/010: Impact of Structural Reformson Productivity Growth in Industrial Countries

Ranil Salgado

2002/009: Structural Vulnerabilities and Currency Crises

Swart Ghosh and Atish Ghosh

2002/008: The Corporate Spread Curve and Industrial Production in the United States

Jorge Chan-Lau and Iryna Ivaschenko

2002/007: Predicting Emerging Market Currency Crashes

W. Perraudin, Manmohan Kumar and Uma Moorthy

2002/006: Financial Reforms and Interest Rate Spreads in the Commercial Banking System in Malawi

Ephraim Chirwa and Montfort Mlachila

2002/005: Fiscal Sustainability and Monetary Versus Fiscal Dominance: Evidence From Brazil, 1991-2000

Evan Tanner and Alberto Ramos

2002/004: Financial Crises, Poverty, and Income Distribution

International Monetary Fund

2002/003: Currency Crises and Uncertainty About Fundamentals

Massimo Sbracia and Alessandro Prati

2002/002: The Austrian Theory of Business Cycles: Old Lessons for Modern Economic Policy?

Stefan Oppers

2002/001: The Impact of Changes in Stock Prices and House Priceson Consumption in OECD Countries

Alexander Ludwig and Torsten Sloek

2001/216: Import-Reducing Effect of Trade Barriers: A Cross-Country Investigation

Qing Wang

2001/215: An Investigation of Output Variance Before and During Inflation Targeting

Francisco Nadal De Simone

2001/214: Pension Reform and the Fiscal Policy Stance

Philip Gerson, George Mackenzie, Peter Heller and Alfredo Cuevas

2001/213: A Model of the Joint Distribution of Banking and Exchange-Rate Crises

Nancy Marion and Robert Flood

2001/212: Legal Central Bank Independence and Inflation in Latin America During the 1990s

Luis Jácome

2001/211: Systemic Weaknesses of Budget Management in Anglophone Africa

Ian Lienert and Feridoun Sarraf

2001/210: Convertibility Risk: The Precautionary Demand for Foreign Currency in a Crisis

Alex Mourmouras, Stabley Black and Charalambos Christofides

2001/209: The Treatment of Nonperforming Loans in Macroeconomic Statistics

Cornelis Gorter and Adriaan Bloem

2001/208: Government Spending, Legislature Size, and the Executive Veto

Reza Baqir

2001/207: Uncovered Interest Parity in Crisis: The Interest Rate Defense in the 1990s

Andrew Rose and Robert Flood

2001/206: Quantity Controls, License Transferability, and the Level of Investment

Ling Hui Tan, Kala Krishna and Ram Ranjan