IMF Working Papers

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1994/013: The Payments Systems Reforms and Monetary Policy in Emerging Market Economies in Central and Eastern Europe

International Monetary Fund

1994/012: Real Estate Price Inflation, Monetary Policy, and Expectations in the United States and Japan

Hossein Samiei and Garry Schinasi

1994/011: Monetary Policy in Unified Currency Areas: The Cases of the Cama and Ecca During 1976-90

Jean-Claude Nascimento

1994/010: Shortages Under Free Prices: The Case of Ukraine in 1992

Timothy Lane, Rolando Ossowski and Alexander Sundakov

1994/009: The Macroeconomic Determinants of Commodity Prices

Eduardo Borensztein and Carmen Reinhart

1994/008: Export Instability and the External Balance in Developing Countries

Atish Ghosh and Jonathan Ostry

1994/007: Commodity Prices: Cyclical Weakness or Secular Decline?

Peter Wickham and Carmen Reinhart

1994/006: Measuring the Transition: A User's Viewon National Accounts in Russia

Vincent Koen

1994/005: Comparative Advantage, Exchange Rates, and G-7 Sectoral Trade Balances

Stephen Golub

1994/004: The U.S. Public Debt: Implications for Growth

Carlos Asilis

1994/003: Money Demand, Bank Credit, and Economic Performance in Former Socialist Economies

Manmohan Kumar and Guillermo Calvo

1994/002: Long Memory Processes and Chronic Inflation: Detecting Homogeneous Components in a Linear Rational Expectation Model

Fabio Scacciavillani

1994/001: ERM Money Supplies and the Transition to EMU

Paul Masson, Marcel Cassard and Timothy Lane

1993/095: The Integration of World Capital Markets

Morris Goldstein and Michael Mussa

1993/094: Endogeneity in Structural Unemployment Equations: The Case of Canada

International Monetary Fund

1993/093: U.S. Health Care Reform

Ellen Nedde

1993/092: Recent U.S. Investment Incentives

Christopher Towe

1993/091: Labor Market Aspects of Industrial Restructuring in Canada

Eswar Prasad

1993/090: On Credible Disinflation

Jorge Roldos

1993/089: Price Controls and Electoral Cycles

Carlos Asilis and Pierre-Richard Agénor

1993/088: Financial Liberalization and the Information Content of Money in Indonesia, Korea, and the Philippines

A. Javier Hamann

1993/087: Monetary Instruments and their Use During the Transition From a Centrally Planned to a Market Economy

Paul Hilbers

1993/086: The Impact of Worldwide Military Spending Cutson Developing Countries

Steven Symansky, Tamim Bayoumi and Daniel Hewitt

1993/085: Japanese Banks and the Asset Price "Bubble"

Steven Fries

1993/084: International RandD Spillovers

Elhanan Helpman and David Coe

1993/083: Expected Devaluation and Economic Fundamentals

Alun Thomas

1993/082: Devaluation and Competitiveness in a Small Open Economy: Ireland 1987-1993

Leonardo Bartolini

1993/081: Supply-Side Economics in an Integrated World Economy

Linda Tesa and Enrique Mendoza

1993/080: Government Finance in a Model of Currency Substitution

Lihong Liu and Anne Sibert

1993/079: Efficiency Wages and Labor Mobility in an Open Economy

Julio Santaella and Pierre-Richard Agénor

1993/078: A Framework for Assessing Fiscal Sustainability and External Viability, with An Application to India

Karen Parker and Steffen Kastner

1993/077: Asset Price Inflation in the 1980's: A Flow of Funds Perspective

Garry Schinasi, Steven Weisbrod and Monica Hargraves

1993/076: Testing the Credibility of Belgium's Exchange Rate Policy

Ioannis Halikias

1993/075: The Role of Financial Institutions in the Transition to a Market Economy

Michael Spencer and H. Blommestein

1993/074: The Russian Federation in Transition: External Developments

Benedicte Christensen

1993/073: An Extended Scenario and Adjustment Model for Developing Countries

Hossein Samiei, Manmohan Kumar and Sheila Bassett

1993/072: Credit Markets and Stagnation in an Endogenous Growth Model

Jose De Gregorio

1993/071: Economic Trends in Africa: The Economic Performance of Sub-Saharan African Countries

Pierre Dhonte, Jean Clément, Mbuyamu Matungulu and Dawn Rehm

1993/070: Is the Parallel Market Premium a Reliable Indicator of Real Exchange Rate Misalignment in Developing Countries

Jonathan Ostry and Peter Montiel

1993/069: Presumptive Taxation: Revenue and Automatic Stabilizer Aspects

S. Erbas

1993/068: Alternative Exchange Rate Strategies and Fiscal Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa

Stefania Bazzoni and Karim Nashashibi

1993/067: The Stabilizing Effect of the ERMon Exchange Rates and Interest Rates: An Empirical Investigation

Michael Artis and Mark Taylor

1993/066: Structural Adjustment, Economic Performance, and Aid Dependency in Tanzania

Isha Agrawal, Zafar Ahmed, Michael Mered and Roger Nord

1993/065: Technical Assistanceon Tax Policy: A Review

International Monetary Fund

1993/064: The Use of Foreign Exchange Swaps by Central Banks: A Survey

Catharina Hooyman

1993/063: Working Paper Summaries (WP/93/1 - WP/93/54)

International Monetary Fund

1993/062: Saving, Investment, and the Regional Current Account: An Analysis of Canadian, British, and German Regions

Alun Thomas

1993/061: Enterprise Arrears in Russia: Causes and Policy Options

David Bigman and Sérgio Leite

1993/060: Collection Lags and the Optimal Inflation Tax: A Reconsideration

José Tijerina and Alex Mourmouras

1993/059: Openness, Human Development, and Fiscal Policies: Effectson Economic Growth and Speed of Adjustment

Delano Villanueva

1993/058: The Fiscal Abuse of Central Banks

Maxwell Fry

1993/057: Political Feasibility and Investment in Economic Transformations

Peter Isard and Joshua Aizenman

1993/056: Sovereign Debt: A Survey of Some Theoretical and Policy Issues

Vivek Arora

1993/055: The Economic Reform Process in Russia

John Odling-Smee and Henri Lorie

1993/054: Lessons in Fiscal Consolidation for the Successor States of the Soviet Union

George Kopits

1993/053: An Analytical Framework of Environmental Issues

Jonathan Levin

1993/052: Revisiting Japan's External Adjustment Since 1985

Guy Meredith

1993/051: Public and Private Investment and the Convergence of Per Capita Incomes in Developing Countries

Mohsin Khan and Manmohan Kumar

1993/050: Optimal Tariffs: Theory and Practice

Ali Ibrahim, Arvind Subramanian and Luis Torres-Castro

1993/049: Introduction of a New National Currency: Policy, Institutional, and Technical Issues

Hernán Cortés Douglas and Richard Abrams

1993/048: Deer Hunting: Misalignment, Debt Accumulation, and Desired Equilibrium Exchange Rates

Mark Taylor and Michael Artis

1993/047: Price Reform and Durable Goods in the Transition to a Market Economy

Pierre-Richard Agénor

1993/046: Viet Nam: Reform and Stabilization, 1986-1992

Erich Spitäller and Gabrielle Lipworth

1993/045: The Behavior of Nontradable Goods Prices in Europe: Evidence and Interpretation

Jose De Gregorio, Thomas Krueger and Alberto Giovannini

1993/044: The Relation Between Skill Levels and the Cyclical Variability of Employment, Hours, and Wages

Michael Keane and Eswar Prasad

1993/043: On Improving Public Expenditure Policies for the Poor: Major Informational Requirements

Nigel Chalk and Ehtisham Ahmad

1993/042: Poland: The Social Safety Net During the Transition

Xavier Maret and Gerd Schwartz

1993/041: Exports and Economic Development

Delano Villanueva

1993/040: Toward An Economic Theory of Multilateral Development Banking

Gerd Schwartz

1993/039: Economic Reform in Arab Countries: A Review of Structural Issues for the Remainder of the 1990's

Mohamed El-Erian and Shamsuddin Tareq

1993/038: Real Exchange Rate Targeting Under Imperfect Asset Substitutability

José Saúl Lizondo

1993/037: Private Saving, Public Saving, and the Inflation Tax: Another Look At An Old Issue

A. Javier Hamann

1993/036: Experience with Floating Interbank Exchange Rate Systems in Five Developing Economies

Vicente Galbis

1993/035: Reserve Requirements and Monetary Management: An Introduction

International Monetary Fund

1993/034: Do Capital Flows Reflect Economic Fundamentals in Developing Countries?

Atish Ghosh and Jonathan Ostry

1993/033: Net Foreign Assets and International Adjustment: The United States, Japan, and Germany

Jocelyn Horne, Paul Masson and Jeroen Kremers

1993/032: Labor Market Issues in Belgium: An International Perspective

Reza Moghadam

1993/031: Savings, Growth and Capital Markets Imperfections: The Case of Borrowing Constraints

Jose De Gregorio

1993/030: Determinants of Private Investment in Pakistan

Khaled Sakr

1993/029: Stabilization Dynamics and Backward-Looking Contracts

Carlos Végh Gramont and Guillermo Calvo

1993/028: Evaluating the EMS and EMU Using Stochastic Simulations: Some Issues

Paul Masson and Steven Symansky

1993/027: Public Expenditure Policy and the Environment: A Review and Synthesis

Kenneth M. Miranda, Ian Parry and Sanjeev Gupta

1993/026: Intertemporal Substitution in Consumption Revisited

Zuliu Hu

1993/025: Centralized Bargaining, Efficiency Wages, and Flexibility

Ramana Ramaswamy and Bob Rowthorn

1993/024: The Demand for M1 in the United States: A Commenton Baba, Hendry, and Starr

James Boughton

1993/023: Conducting Monetary and Credit Policy in Countries of the Former Soviet Union: Some Issues and Options

Hugh Bredenkamp

1993/022: Fiscal Policy and the Economic Restructuring of Economies in Transition

Vito Tanzi

1993/021: A Primer on Tax Evasion

Vito Tanzi and Parthasarathi Shome

1993/020: Monetary and Exchange Rate Arrangements for Nafta

Barry Eichengreen and Tamim Bayoumi

1993/019: The Yield Curve and Real Activity

Zuliu Hu

1993/018: Military Expenditures 1972-1990: The Reasons Behind the Post-1985 Fall in World Military Spending

Daniel Hewitt

1993/017: Economic Consequences of Lower Military Spending: Some Simulation Results

Jerald Schiff, Tamim Bayoumi and Daniel Hewitt

1993/016: Economic Restructuring, Unemployment, and Growth in a Transition Economy

Kornelia Krajnyak, Bankim Chadha and Fabrizio Coricelli

1993/015: Asset Pricing in the International Economy

José Barrionuevo

1993/014: A Comparative Analysis of the Structure of Tax Systems in Industrial Countries

Assaf Razin, Enrique Mendoza and Linda Tesa

1993/013: Exchange-Rate Unification with Black Market Leakages: Russia 1992

Linda Goldberg

1993/012: Auctions: Theory and Possible Applications to Economies in Transition

Rajnish Mehra and Robert Feldman

1993/011: Capital and Trade As Engines of Growth in France: An Application of Johansen's Cointegration Methodology

David Coe and Reza Moghadam

1993/010: Portfolio Performance of the SDR and Reserve Currencies: Tests Using the ArCH Methodology

Tugrul Temel and Michael Papaioannou

1993/009: Poverty, Demographic Characteristics, and Public Policy in Cis Countries

Ehtisham Ahmad