Policy Research Working Paper Series
From The World Bank 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20433. Contact information at EDIRC. Bibliographic data for series maintained by Roula I. Yazigi (). Access Statistics for this working paper series.
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- 10225: Spillover Effects of China’s Trade and Growth Shocks on ASEAN countries: Evidence from a GVAR Model

- Nazmus Khan
- 10224: Tracking Methane Emissions by Satellite: A New World Bank Database andCase Study for Irrigated Rice Production

- Susmita Dasgupta, Somik V. Lall and David Wheeler
- 10223: Firm Entry, Exit and Suspension: Evidence from Household Businesses in Vietnam

- Ergys Islamaj, Duong Trung Le and Thanh Minh Pham
- 10222: Rebel Governance and Development: The Persistent Effects of Guerrillas in El Salvador

- Antonella Agostina Bandiera, Lelys Ileana Dinarte Diaz, Juan Miguel Jimenez, Sandra Viviana Rozo Villarraga and Maria Micaela Sviatschi
- 10221: Risks to Child Development and School Readiness among Children under Six in Pakistan: Findings from a Nationally Representative Phone Survey

- Elizabeth Lauren Hentschel, Heather B. Tomlinson, Amer Hasan, Aisha Khizar Yousafzai, Amna Ansari, Mahreen Tahir Chowdhry and Mina Zamand
- 10220: Infrastructure Matters: Complementarities with the Quality of Health Service Delivery in Kenya

- Laura Natalia Becerra Luna, Mathilde Sylvie Maria Lebrand, Nino Pkhikidze and Andres Yi Chang
- 10219: Is International Trade Always Beneficial to Labor Markets ? A Case Study from Egypt

- Raymond Robertson, Mexico Alberto Vergara Bahena and Gladys C. Lopez-Acevedo
- 10218: Learning Losses during COVID-19: Global Estimates of an Invisible and Unequal Crisis

- João Pedro Azevedo, Maryam Akmal, Marie-Helene Cloutier, Frederic Rogers and Yi Ning Wong
- 10217: The True Cost of War

- Erhan Artuc, Nicolas Gomez Parra and Harun Onder
- 10216: Higher Levels of No-Till Agriculture Associated with Lower PM2.5 in the Corn Belt

- Arnold Behrer and David Lobell
- 10215: The Evolution of Maternity and Paternity Leave Policies over Five Decades — A Global Analysis

- Marie Caitriona Hyland and Liang Shen
- 10214: Electoral Cycles and Public Spending during the Pandemic

- Michael Lokshin, Aylen Rodriguez Ferrari and Ivan Torre
- 10213: Exports and Labor Demand: Evidence from Egyptian Firm-Level Data

- Claudia N. Berg, Raymond Robertson and Gladys C. Lopez-Acevedo
- 10212: Radical Climate Policies

- Frederick (Rick) van der Ploeg and Anthony Venables
- 10211: Trade Agreements in South Asia: Towards a Successful Story in the Developing World

- Sebastian Franco Bedoya
- 10210: Impact of High Inflation on Household Livelihoods in Urban South Sudan

- Alvin Etang Ndip, Mahunan Thierry Hounsa and Utz Pape
- 10209: Identifying the Poor — Accounting for Household Economies of Scale in Global Poverty Estimates

- Dean Jolliffe and Samuel Kofi Tetteh Baah
- 10208: Understanding Informality: Comprehensive Business-Level Data and Descriptive Findings

- Adam Aberra, Gemechu A. Aga, Filip Jolevski and Nona Karalashvili
- 10207: Should Electricity Market Designs Be Improved to Drive Decarbonization ?

- Debabrata Chattopadhyay and Adam Krzysztof Suski
- 10206: Job Tenure and Structural Change in the Transition Economies of Europe

- Maurizio Bussolo, Michael Lokshin, Nicolás Oviedo and Ivan Torre
- 10205: Explaining the Evolution of Job Tenure in Europe, 1995–2020

- Maurizio Bussolo, Damien Fierre Jean Capelle, Michael Lokshin, Ivan Torre and Hernan Winkler
- 10204: Toward a Competitive Air Transport Market in Africa: The Role of Bilateral Air Service Agreements Liberalization

- Anca Diana Cristea, Megersa Abate and Daniel Alberto Benitez
- 10203: Central America’s Deindustrialization

- Rishabh Sinha
- 10202: Machine Learning Guided Outlook of Global Food Insecurity Consistent with Macroeconomic Forecasts

- Bo Andree
- 10201: Impacts of Transparent Online Auctions on Public Land Lease Revenue: Evidence from Legal and Administrative Changes in Ukraine

- Klaus W. Deininger, Daniel Ayalew Ali and Roman Neyter
- 10200: Structural Loopholes in Sustainability-Linked Bonds

- Imtiaz Ul Haq and Djeneba Doumbia
- 10199: Using Social Media to Change Gender Norms: An Experiment within Facebook Messenger in India

- Dante Donati, Victor Hugo Orozco Olvera and Nandan Mark Rao
- 10198: The Impact of COVID-19 on Global Inequality and Poverty

- Daniel Gerszon Mahler, Nishant Yonzan and Christoph Lakner
- 10197: Gender Differences in Socio-Emotional Skills and Economic Outcomes: New Evidence from 17 African Countries

- Kehinde Ajayi, Smita Das, Clara Delavallade, Tigist Assefa Ketema and Lea Marie Rouanet
- 10196: Estimating the Impacts of Transport Corridor Development in Kazakhstan: Application of Dynamic Panel Data Models to Firm Registry Data

- Atsushi Iimi
- 10195: The Haves and the Have Nots: Civic Technologies and the Pathways to Government Responsiveness

- Jonathan Mellon, Tiago Carneiro Peixoto and Fredrik Matias Sjoberg
- 10194: The Impact of Protracted Displacement on Syrian Refugees in Jordan: The Evolution of Household Composition and Poverty Rates

- Julieth Santamaria, Lucia C. Hanmer and Eliana Carolina Rubiano Matulevich
- 10193: Caring for Children and Firms? The Impact of Preschool Expansion on Firm Productivity

- Massimiliano Calì, Hillary C. Johnson, Elizaveta Perova and Nabil R Ryandiansyah
- 10192: From Financial Development to Informality: A Causal Link

- Salvatore Capasso, Franziska Ohnsorge and Shu Yu
- 10191: COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in 53 Developing Countries: Levels, Trends, and Reasons for Hesitancy

- Julia M. Dayton, Ifeanyi Nzegwu Edochie, David Newhouse, Alexandru Cojocaru, Gildas Bopahbe Deudibe, Jakub Jan Kakietek, Yeon Soo Kim and Jose Montes
- 10190: The Distributional Impact of Taxes and Social Spending in Bhutan: An Application with Limited Income Data

- Juan Pablo Baquero, Jia Gao and Yeon Soo Kim
- 10189: When the Lights Go Out: The Economic Impacts of Covid-19 on Cities Globally

- Amjad Khan, Hogeun Park, Mark Roberts and Putu Sanjiwacika Wibisana
- 10188: The Impact of Paid Maternity Leave on Women’s Employment: Evidence Using Firm-Level Survey Data from Developing Countries

- Mohammad Amin and Asif Islam
- 10187: Early Education, Preferences, and Decision-Making Abilities

- Joana Azevedo E Castro De Cardim, Pedro Manuel Amaro Da Costa Luz Carneiro, Leandro Carvalho and Damien de Walque
- 10186: Money versus Kudos: The Impact of Incentivizing Local Politicians in India

- Ghazala Mansuri, Nethra Palaniswamy, Vijayendra Rao and Slesh Anand Shrestha
- 10185: Climate Policy and Inequality in Urban Areas: Beyond Incomes

- Charlotte Liotta, Paolo Avner, Vincent Viguié, Harris Selod and Stephane Hallegatte
- 10184: Impacts of COVID-19 on the Income and Mental Well-Being of Cismen, Ciswomen, Transgender, and Non-Binary Individuals: Evidence from the 2020 COVID-19 Disparities Survey

- Tanima Ahmed, Toni Joe Lebbos, Sean Howell, Erik Lamontagne and Joshua Seth Wimpey
- 10183: Missing Information: Why Don’t More Firms Seek Out Business Advice ?

- Miriam Bruhn and Caio Piza
- 10182: Increasing Tax Collection in African Countries: The Role of Information Technology

- Oyebola Okunogbe and Fabrizio Santoro
- 10181: The Role of Green Financial Sector Initiatives in the Low-Carbon Transition: A Theory of Change

- Irene Monasterolo, Antoine Mandel, Stefano Battiston, Andrea Mazzocchetti, Klaus Oppermann, Jonathan D'Entremont Coony, Stephen John Stretton, Fiona Elizabeth Stewart and Nepomuk Max Ferdinand Dunz
- 10180: Return Migration and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from South Asia

- Laurent Bossavie and He Wang
- 10179: Capturing Sensitive Information from Difficult-to-Reach Populations: Evidence from a Novel Internet-Based Survey in Yemen

- Sharad Tandon and Tara Vishwanath
- 10178: Are Subjective Questions on Welfare Appropriate during Crises ? Evidence from the Onset of Conflict in the Republic of Yemen

- Sharad Tandon
- 10177: How Does Violence Force Displacement during Active Conflict ? Evidence from the Republic of Yemen

- Anna D'Souza, Eliana Favari, Siddharth Krishnaswamy and Sharad Tandon
- 10176: Consequences of Forced Displacement in Active Conflict: Evidence from the Republic of Yemen

- Anna D'Souza, Eliana Favari, Siddharth Krishnaswamy and Sharad Tandon
- 10175: Small Area Estimation of Monetary Poverty in Mexico Using Satellite Imagery and Machine Learning

- David Newhouse, Joshua David Merfeld, Anusha Pudugramam Ramakrishnan, Tom Swartz and Partha Lahiri
- 10174: Is Social Protection a Luxury Good ?

- Michael Lokshin, Martin Ravallion and Ivan Torre
- 10173: Multiple Price Lists for Willingness to Pay Elicitation

- B. Kelsey Jack, Kathryn McDermott and Anja Sautmann
- 10172: Revisiting Poverty Trends and the Role of Social Protection Systems in Africa during the COVID-19 Pandemic

- Kibrom A. Abay, Nishant Yonzan, Sikandra Smith Kurdi and Kibrom Tafere
- 10171: How Accurate Is a Poverty Map Based on Remote Sensing Data ? An Application to Malawi

- Roy van der Weide, Brian Blankespoor, Chris Elbers and Peter Lanjouw
- 10170: Intra-Household Inequality in Food Consumption and Diets in the Philippines

- Felipe Fadullon Dizon, Anna Josephson and Zetianyu Wang
- 10169: Poverty and Violence: The Immediate Impact of Terrorist Attacks against Civilians in Somalia

- Gonzalo Nunez-Chaim and Utz Pape
- 10168: From Necessity to Opportunity: Lessons for Integrating Phone and In-Person Data Collection for Agricultural Statistics in a Post-Pandemic World

- Alberto Zezza, Kevin Robert Mcgee, Philip Randolph Wollburg, Thomas Assefa and Sydney Gourlay
- 10167: How Does the Progressivity of Taxes and Government Transfers Impact People’s Willingness to Pay Tax ? Experimental Evidence across Developing Countries

- Christopher Alexander Hoy
- 10166: Protect Incomes or Protect Jobs ? The Role of Social Policies in Post-Pandemic Recovery

- Asli Demirguc-Kunt, Michael Lokshin and Ivan Torre
- 10165: Inferring COVID-19 Vaccine Attitudes from Twitter Data: An Application to the Arabic Speaking World

- Roy van der Weide
- 10164: Massive Modularity: Understanding Industry Organization in the Digital Age — The Case of Mobile Phone Handsets

- Eric Thun, Daria Taglioni, Timothy J. Sturgeon and Mark Peter Dallas
- 10163: A Model of Amazon Deforestation, Trade and Labor Market Dynamics

- Charly Jason Gaby Porcher and Marek Hanusch
- 10162: A Macroeconomic Perspective of Structural Deforestation in Brazil's Legal Amazon

- Joaquim Bento De Souza Ferreira Filho and Marek Hanusch
- 10161: Do Index Insurance Programs Live Up to Their Promises ? Aggregating Evidence from Multiple Experiments

- Pauline Castaing and Jules Gazeaud
- 10160: Healthy and Sustainable Diets in Bangladesh

- Divya Mehra, Junying Tong, Felipe Fadullon Dizon and Saskia De Pee
- 10159: Bribery, Plant Size and Size Dependent Distortions

- M Nazim Tamkoc
- 10158: Informal Emissions

- Constantin Bürgi, Shoghik Hovhannisyan, Santosh Ram Joshi and Ahmad Famm Alkhuzam
- 10157: The Social Costs of Sovereign Default

- Juan Farah-Yacoub, Clemens Mathis Henrik Graf Von Luckner, Rita Ramalho and Carmen Reinhart
- 10156: Overland Transport Costs: A Review

- Ahmet Kerem Cosar
- 10155: The Social Tax: Redistributive Pressure and Labor Supply

- Eliana Carranza, Aletheia Donald, Florian Grosset-Touba and Supreet Kaur
- 10154: The Local Economic Effects of Natural Resources: Evidence from Ghana

- Josephine Ofori Adofo, Nori Tarui and Tomomi Tanaka
- 10153: The Impact of Gas Flaring on Child Health in Nigeria

- Omoniyi Babatunde Alimi and John Gibson
- 10152: Turning COVID-19 Vaccines into Vaccinations: New Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

- Philip Randolph Wollburg, Yannick Markhof, Shelton Sofiel Elisa Kanyanda and Alberto Zezza
- 10151: How Regulation and Enforcement of Competition Affects ICT Productivity: Evidence from Matched Regulatory-Production Surveys in Peru’s ICT Sector

- Tanida Arayavechkit, Charl Jooste and Ana Francisca Urrutia Arrieta
- 10150: Good Enough for Outstanding Growth: The Experience of Bangladesh in Comparative Perspective

- Robert Beyer and Konstantin Wacker
- 10149: The Analysis of Inequality in the Bretton Woods Institutions

- Francisco Ferreira
- 10148: Property Tax Compliance in Tanzania: Can Nudges Help ?

- Matthew Collin, Vincenzo Di Maro, David Evans and Frederik Manang
- 10147: Recovering Income Distribution in the Presence of Interval-Censored Data

- Gustavo Javier Canavire Bacarreza, Fernando Rios Avila and Flavia Giannina Sacco Capurro
- 10146: Can Information and Alternatives to Irregular Migration Reduce “Backway” Migration from The Gambia ?

- Tijan L Bah, Catia Batista, Flore Gubert and David McKenzie
- 10145: The Macroeconomic Effects of Macroprudential Policy: Evidence from a Narrative Approach

- Luis Diego Rojas Alvarado, Carlos Vegh and Guillermo Vuletin
- 10144: Delivery Challenges and Development Effectiveness: Assessing the Determinants of World Bank Project Success

- Daniel Ortega Nieto, Ariya Hagh and Vivek Agarwal
- 10143: Inequalities in Job Loss and Income Loss in Sub-Saharan Africa during the COVID-19 Crisis

- Ivette Maria Contreras Gonzalez, Gbemisola Oseni Siwatu, Amparo Palacios-Lopez, Janneke Pieters and Michael Weber
- 10142: Social Norms and Gender Equality: A Descriptive Analysis for South Asia

- Maurizio Bussolo, Jessy Amarachi Ezebuihe, Ana Maria Munoz Boudet, Stavros Poupakis, Tasmia Rahman and Nayantara Sarma
- 10141: Should the Food Insecurity Experience Scale Crowd Out Other Food Access Measures ? Evidence from Nigeria

- Jonathan William Lain, Sharad Tandon and Tara Vishwanath
- 10140: Measuring Land Tenure at the Individual Level: Lessons from Methodological Research in Armenia

- Sydney Gourlay, Giuseppe Maggio, Anahit Safyan and Alberto Zezza
- 10139: How Have Formal Firms Recovered from the Pandemic ? Insights from Survey and Tax Administrative Data in Zambia

- Christopher Hoy, Laban Simbeye, Muhammad Abdullah Ali Malik, Aliisa Koivisto and Mashekwa Maboshe
- 10138: The Psychosocial Value of Employment: Evidence from a Refugee Camp

- Reshmaan Nahar Hussam, Erin Munro Kelley, Gregory Lane and Fatima Zahra
- 10137: PPP Distress and Fiscal Contingent Liabilities in South Asia

- Matias Herrera Dappe, Martin Melecký and Burak Turkgulu
- 10136: Intra-Household Dynamics and Attitudes toward Vaccines: Experimental and Survey Evidence from Zambia

- Christopher Hoy, Rajee Kanagavel and Corey Morales Cameron
- 10135: Conflict and Girl Child Marriage: Global Evidence

- Caroline Krafft, Diana Jimena Arango, Amalia Hadas Rubin and Kelly Jocelyn
- 10134: Global Job Quality: Evidence from Wage Employment across Developing Countries

- Shoghik Hovhannisyan, Veronica Sonia Montalva Talledo, Tyler Remick, Carlos Rodriguez Castelan and Kersten Kevin Stamm
- 10133: Integrating Mortality into Poverty Measurement through the Poverty Adjusted Life Expectancy Index

- Jean-Marie Baland, Guilhem Cassan and Benoît Decerf
- 10132: With or Without Him ? Experimental Evidence on Gender-Sensitive Cash Grants and Trainings in Tunisia

- Jules Gazeaud, Nausheen Khan, Eric Mvukiyehe and Olivier Sterck
- 10131: The Long-Term Impact of High School Financial Education: Evidence from Brazil

- Miriam Bruhn, Gabriel Garber, Sergio Koyama and Bilal Husnain Zia
- 10130: A Gendered Fiscal Incidence Analysis for Ethiopia: Evidence from Individual-Level Data

- Alemayehu Ambel, Wondimagegn Mesfin Tesfaye and Manex Bule Yonis
- 10129: Labor Informality and Market Segmentation in Senegal

- Carlos Rodriguez Castelan and Emmanuel Vazquez
- 10128: Fears and Tears: Should More People Be Moving within and from Developing Countries, and What Stops This Movement ?

- David McKenzie
- 10127: Putting a Price on Safety — A Hedonic Price Approach to Flood Risk in African Cities

- Alvina Elisabeth Erman and Ingrid Dallmann
- 10126: Labor Market Transitions in Egypt Post-Arab Spring

- Jingyuan Deng, Nelly Youssef Louis William Elmallakh, Luca Flabbi and Roberta V. Gatti
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