Policy Research Working Paper Series

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7795: Understanding the dynamics of labor income inequality in Latin America

Carlos Rodriguez Castelan, Luis Lopez-Calva, Nora Lustig and Daniel Valderrama-Gonzalez

7794: Synergies in child nutrition: interactions of food security, health and environment, and child care

Emmanuel Skoufias

7793: Estimating poverty rates in target populations: an assessment of the simple poverty scorecard and alternative approaches

Alexis Diamond, Michael Gill, Miguel Angel Rebolledo Dellepiane, Emmanuel Skoufias, Katja Vinha and Yiqing Xu

7792: Hidden human capital: psychological empowerment and adolescent girls'aspirations in India

Sanchari Roy, Matthew H. Morton and Shrayana Bhattacharya

7791: Negative interest rate policies: sources and implications

Carlos Arteta, Ayhan Kose, Marc Stocker and Temel Taskin

7790: Global health workforce labor market projections for 2030

Jenny X Liua, Yevgeniy Goryakin, Akiko Maeda, Tim Allen Bruckner and Richard M. Scheffler

7789: Who uses electricity in Sub-Saharan Africa ? findings from household surveys

Masami Kojima, Xin-000438564 Zhou, Jeesun Han, Joerie Frederik De Wit, Robert W. Bacon, Christopher Philip Trimble, Masami Kojima, Xin-000438564 Zhou, Jeesun Han, Joerie Frederik De Wit, Robert W. Bacon and Christopher Philip Trimble

7788: Financial viability of electricity sectors in Sub-Saharan Africa: quasi-fiscal deficits and hidden costs

Christopher Philip Trimble, Masami Kojima, Ines Perez Arroyo and Farah Mohammadzadeh

7787: The distributional impact of taxes and transfers in Poland

Karolina Goraus and Gabriela Inchauste

7786: The microfinance business model: enduring subsidy and modest profit

Robert Cull, Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Jonathan J. Morduch

7785: Disaggregating the impact of the internet on international trade

Alberto Osnago and Shawn Tan

7784: Building long-term portfolio benchmarks for pension funds in emerging economies

Heinz P. Rudolph and Jorge Sabat

7783: Can labor market imperfections explain changes in the inverse farm size?productivity relationship ? longitudinal evidence from rural India

Klaus W. Deininger, Songqing Jin, Yanyan Liu and Sudhir Singh

7782: Inequality of opportunity in Sub-Saharan Africa

Paolo Brunori, Flaviana Palmisano and Vito Peragine

7781: The volatility of international trade flows in the 21st century: whose fault is it anyway ?

Federico Roberto Bennett, Daniel Lederman, Samuel Pienknagura and Diego Rojas

7780: Resource misallocation in Turkey

Ha Minh Nguyen, Temel Taskin and Ayberk Yilmaz

7779: Building voluntary pension schemes in emerging economies

Heinz P. Rudolph

7778: Dictators walking the Mogadishu line: how men become monsters and monsters become men

Shaun Larcom, Mare Sarr and Tim Willems

7777: Factor endowments, technology, capital mobility and the sources of comparative advantage in manufacturing

Shushanik Hakobyan and Daniel Lederman

7776: Global inequality: the implications of Thomas Piketty's capital in the 21st century

Christoph Lakner

7775: The effects of innovation on employment in developing countries: evidence from enterprisesurveys

Xavier Cirera and Leonard Sabetti

7774: Pathways to profits: identifying separate channels of small firm growth through business training

Stephen J. Anderson, Rajesh Chandy and Bilal Zia

7773: Not your average job: measuring farm labor in Tanzania

Vellore Arthi, Kathleen Beegle, Joachim De Weerdt and Amparo Palacios-Lopez

7772: International financial integration of East Asia and Pacific

Tatiana Didier Brandao, Ruth Llovet Montanes, Sergio L. Schmukler, Tatiana Didier Brandao, Ruth Llovet Montanes and Sergio L. Schmukler

7771: Geopolitics, aid, and growth: the impact of UN security council membership on the effectiveness of aid

Axel Dreher, Vera Eichenauer and Kai Gehring

7770: Quantifying uncertainties in global growth forecasts

Franziska Ohnsorge, Marc Stocker and Modeste Y. Some

7769: Vulnerability to Poverty in rural Malawi

Nancy Mccarthy, Josh Brubaker and Alejandro De La Fuente

7768: Feedback matters: evidence from agricultural services

Maria Ruth Jones and Florence Kondylis

7767: Services and innovation for the competitiveness of the Ecuadorian economy

Luis Rubalcaba, David Gago, Maria Ariano and Arvind Kumar Tripathi

7766: Modeling the impacts of climate change on future Vietnamese households: a micro-simulation approach

Julie Rozenberg and Stephane Hallegatte

7765: Exposure to floods, climate change, and poverty in Vietnam

Mook Bangalore, Andrew Smith and Ted Veldkamp

7764: The varying income effects of weather variation: initial insights from rural Vietnam

Ulf Gerrit Narloch

7763: Environmental risks and poverty: analyzing geo-spatial and household data from Vietnam

Ulf Gerrit Narloch and Mook Bangalore

7762: If it pays, it stays: can agribusiness internalize the benefits of malaria control ?

Richard Sedlmayr

7761: If politics is the problem, how can external actors be part of the solution ?

Shantayanan Devarajan and Stuti Khemani

7760: A randomized control trial of a peer adherence and nutritional support program for public sector antiretroviral patients

Frederik Le Roux Booysen, Damien de Walque, A. Over, Satoko Hashimoto and Chantell de Reuck

7759: Cheaper, faster, and more than good enough: is GPS the new gold standard in land area measurement ?

Calogero Carletto, Sydney Gourlay, Siobhan Murray and Alberto Zezza

7758: All that glitters is not gold: polarization amid poverty reduction in Ghana

Fabio Clementi, Vasco Molini and Francesco Schettino

7757: Public versus Private Protection against Crime: The Case of Somali Piracy

Quy-Toan Do, Lin Ma, Claudia Ruiz Ortega, Quy-Toan Do, Lin Ma and Claudia Ruiz Ortega

7756: Firm financing and growth in the Arab region

Juan Jose Cortina Lorente, Soha Ismail Ahmed Aly Ismail, Sergio L. Schmukler, Juan Jose Cortina Lorente, Soha Ismail Ahmed Aly Ismail and Sergio L. Schmukler

7755: A comparative analysis of subsidy reforms in the Middle East and North Africa Region

Abdelkrim Araar and Paolo Verme

7754: Subsidy reforms in the Middle East and North Africa Region: a review

Paolo Verme

7753: Assessing implementation of the principles for public credit guarantees for SMEs: a global survey

Pietro Calice

7752: Should I stay or should I go ? internal migration and household welfare in Ghana

Vasco Molini, Dan Pavelesku and Marco Ranzani

7751: Effects of multilateral support on infrastructure PPP contract cancellation

Darwin Marcelo Gordillo and Ruth Schuyler House

7750: Financial (Dis-)information: evidence from a multi-country audit study

Xavier Gine, Rafael Keenan Mazer, Xavier Gine and Rafael Keenan Mazer

7749: Does the 2015 peace accord in Mali reflect the priorities of households and local leaders ?

Julia Lendorfer and Johannes G. Hoogeveen

7748: Russian Federation, the World Trade Organization, and the Eurasian Customs Union: tariff and non-tariff policy challenges

Michael Joseph Ferrantino, Ian John Douglas Gillson and Gabriela Schmidt

7747: Do returns to education depend on how and who you ask ?

Pieter Serneels, Kathleen G. Beegle and Andrew Dillon

7746: On minimizing the risk of bias in randomized controlled trials in economics

Alex Eble, Peter Boone and Diana Elbourne

7745: Do consumers benefit from supply chain intermediaries ? evidence from a policy experiment in the edible oils market in Bangladesh

M. Shahe Emran, Dilip Mookherjee, Forhad Shilpi and M. Helal Uddin

7744: How to measure whether index insurance provides reliable protection

Karlijn Morsink, Daniel Clarke and Shadreck Mapfumo

7743: Structural transformation in Africa: a historical view

Maria Enache, Ejaz Ghani and Stephen O'Connell

7742: Technology strategies for low-carbon economic growth: a general equilibrium assessment

Ian Newel James Sue Wing and Govinda R. Timilsina

7741: Spatial development and agglomeration economies in services -- lessons from India

Ejaz Ghani, Arti Grover and William Kerr

7740: Aging, trade, and migration

Richard Chisik, Harun Onder and Dhimitri Qirjo

7739: Inherited wealth and demographic aging

Harun Onder and Pierre Pestieau

7738: Euro currency risk and the geography of debt flows to peripheral European monetary union members

Ersal-Kiziler,Eylem and Ha Minh Nguyen

7737: Sectoral productivity gaps and aggregate productivity

Rishabh Sinha

7736: Impact of climate change and aquatic salinization on mangrove species and poor communities in the Bangladesh Sundarbans

Susmita Dasgupta, Istiak Sobhan and David J. Wheeler

7735: Impacts of carbon pricing in reducing the carbon intensity of China's GDP

Jing Cao, Mun Ho and Govinda R. Timilsina

7734: The development impact of financial regulation: evidence from Ethiopia and antebellum USA

Nicola Limodio and Francesco Strobbe

7733: Financial regulation and government revenue: the effects of a policy change in Ethiopia

Nicola Limodio and Francesco Strobbe

7732: Who benefited from Burundi's demobilization program ?

Olivia D'Aoust, Olivier Sterck and Philip Verwimp

7731: Poverty and policy selectivity of World Bank trust funds

Vera Eichenauer and Stephen Knack

7730: Evidence from a randomized evaluation of the household welfare impacts of conditional and unconditional cash transfers given to mothers or fathers

Richard Akresh, Damien de Walque and Harounan Kazianga

7729: Roads and rural development in Sub-Saharan Africa

Claudia N. Berg, Brian Blankespoor and Harris Selod

7728: Estimation of climate change damage functions for 140 regions in the GTAP9 database

Roberto Roson and Martina Sartori

7727: Is inequality underestimated in Egypt ? evidence from house prices

Roy Van Der Weide, Christoph Lakner, Elena Ianchovichina, Roy Van Der Weide, Christoph Lakner and Elena Ianchovichina

7726: What difference does good monitoring&evaluation make to World Bank project performance ?

Estelle Rosine Raimondo

7725: Challenges of fiscal policy in emerging and developing economies

Raju Huidrom, Ayhan Kose and Franziska Ohnsorge

7724: Do fiscal multipliers depend on fiscal positions ?

Raju Huidrom, Ayhan Kose, Jamus Lim and Franziska Ohnsorge

7723: Financial systems, growth, and volatility: searching for the perfect fit

Roumeen Islam

7722: The Nexus of financial inclusion and financial stability: a study of trade-offs and synergies

Martin Cihak, Davide Salvatore Mare and Martin Melecký

7721: Evaluating sovereign disaster risk finance strategies: a framework

Daniel Clarke, Olivier Mahul, Richard Andrew Poulter and Tse-Ling Teh

7720: Solving commitment problems in disaster risk finance

Daniel Clarke and Liam Wren-Lewis

7719: A methodology to assess indicative costs of risk financing strategies for scaling up Ethiopia's productive safety net programme

Daniel Clarke, Coll-Black,Sarah, Naomi Victoria Cooney and Anna Edwards

7718: Financing the reconstruction of public capital after a natural disaster

David Bevan and Christopher Adam

7717: Potential for application of a probabilistic catastrophe risk modelling framework to poverty outcomes: general form vulnerability functions relating household poverty outcomes to hazard intensity in Ethiopia

Catherine Porter and Emily Jennifer White

7716: Early warning, early action: the use of predictive tools in drought response through Ethiopia's productive safety net programme

Mareile Beate Stephanie Drechsler and Wolter Soer

7715: Weather index insurance and shock coping: evidence from Mexico's CADENA Program

Alain F. De Janvry, Elizabeth Andrea Ramirez Ritchie and Elisabeth Sadoulet

7714: Insuring growth: the impact of disaster funds on economic reconstruction in Mexico

Alain F. De Janvry, Alejandro del Valle and Elisabeth Sadoulet

7713: Social Inclusion in macro-level diagnostics: reflecting on the World Bank Group's early systematic country diagnostics

Maitreyi Das

7712: Inflation targeting and exchange rate volatility in emerging markets

Rene Cabral, Francisco Carneiro and Andre Mollick

7711: Openness, specialization, and the external vulnerability of developing countries

Luis-Diego Barrot, Cesar Calderon and Luis Servén

7710: On the central role of small farms in African rural development strategies

Donald Larson, Rie Muraoka and Keijiro Otsuka

7709: Increased coverage of maternal health services among the poor in western Uganda in an output-based aid voucher scheme

Francis Obare, Peter Okwero, Leslie Villegas, Samuel Lantei Mills, Ben Bellows, Francis Obare, Peter Okwero, Leslie Villegas, Samuel Lantei Mills and Ben Bellows

7708: Expediting trade: impact evaluation of an in-house clearance program

Ana Margarida Fernandes, Russell Henry Hillberry, Claudia N. Berg, Ana Margarida Fernandes, Russell Henry Hillberry and Claudia N. Berg

7707: Social capital, trust, and well-being in the evaluation of wealth

Kirk E. Hamilton, John Helliwell and Michael Woolcock

7706: Crime and persistent punishment: a long-run perspective on the links between violence and chronic poverty in Mexico

Adan Martinez-Cruz and Carlos Rodriguez Castelan

7705: Using administrative data to assess the impact and sustainability of Rwanda's land tenure regularization

Daniel Ayalew Ali, Klaus W. Deininger, Marguerite Felicienne Duponchel, Daniel Ayalew Ali, Klaus W. Deininger and Marguerite Felicienne Duponchel

7704: Recent credit surge in historical context

Franziska Ohnsorge and Shu Yu

7703: How do we prioritize the GHG mitigation options ? development of a marginal abatement cost curve for the building sector in Armenia and Georgia

Govinda R. Timilsina, Anna Sikharulidze, Eduard Karapoghosyan and Suren Shatvoryan

7702: State secretaries reform in Ukraine: attempt to delineate responsibilities between ministers and senior civil servants

Oleksii Balabushko

7701: Nash on a rotary: two theorems with implications for electoral politics

Kaushik Basu and Tapan Mitra

7700: Democratic Republic of Congo: product and market concentration and the vulnerability to exogenous shocks

Chadi Bou Habib and Ephraim Kebede

7699: Women's empowerment, sibling rivalry, and competitiveness: evidence from a lab experiment and a randomized control trial in Uganda

Niklas Buehren, Markus Goldstein, Kenneth Leonard, Joao Montalvao and Kathryn Vasilaky

7698: Development of low-carbon energy supply system in Romania

Govinda R. Timilsina and Erika A. Jorgensen

7697: Long-term energy demand forecasting in Romania: an end-use demand

Sunil Malla and Govinda R. Timilsina

7696: Measuring firm-level innovation using short questionnaires: evidence from an experiment

Xavier Cirera and Silvia Muzi