Policy Research Working Paper Series

From The World Bank
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10645: The Trade-Growth Nexus: Evidence of Causality from Innovative Instruments for Trade

Ibrahim Nana, Sephooko Ignatius Motelle and Susan K. Starnes

10644: Firms and Climate Change in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Ana Goicoechea and Megan Elizabeth Lang

10643: Impacts and Sources of Air Pollution in Tbilisi, Georgia

Sandra Baquie, Arnold Behrer, Xinming Du, Alan Fuchs Tarlovsky and Natsuko Kiso Nozaki

10642: Fertilizer Import Bans, Agricultural Exports, and Welfare: Evidence from Sri Lanka

Devaki Ghose, Eduardo Pinheiro Fraga and Ana Margarida Fernandes

10641: Government Support and Firm Performance during COVID-19

Miriam Bruhn, Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Dorothe Singer

10640: Are Ride-Hailing Services and Public Transport Complements or Substitutes ? Evidence from the Opening of Jakarta’s MRT System

Maarten Bosker, Mark Roberts, Sailesh Tiwari, Putu Sanjiwacika Wibisana, Maria Monica Wihardja and Ramda Yanurzha

10639: Revealing 21% of GDP in Hidden Assets: Evidence from Argentina

Juliana Londoño-Vélez and Dario Tortarolo

10638: Preparatory School Years and Maternal Employment in Romania

Monica Robayo-Abril and Britta Laurin Rude

10637: Leveraging Trade for More and Better Job Opportunities in Developing Countries: A Framework for Policy

Ben Shepherd and Deborah Elisabeth Winkler

10636: Productive Longevity: What Can Work in Low- and Middle-Income Countries?

Sara Johansson De Silva and Indhira Vanessa Santos

10635: Linking Trade to Jobs, Incomes, and Activities: New Stylized Facts for Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Deborah Elisabeth Winkler, Hagen Kruse, Luis Alejandro Aguilar Luna and Maryla Maliszewska

10634: Quantifying Economic Impacts of Trade Agreements with Heterogeneous Trade Elasticities

Hiau Looi Kee and Alessandro Nicita

10633: Disruptive Technologies and Finance: An Analysis of Digital Startups in Africa

Marcio Cruz, Mariana De La Paz Pereira Lopez and Edgar Salgado Chavez

10632: Banking in Africa: Opportunities and Challenges in Volatile Times

Thorsten Beck, Robert J. Cull, Davide Salvatore Mare and Patricio Valenzuela

10631: Data Gaps in Microdata in the Context of Forced Displacement

Takaaki Masaki and B. Madson

10630: The Valuation of Flexible Work Arrangements: Insights from a Discrete Choice Experiment in Malaysia

Yashodhan Ghorpade, Alyssa Farha Binti Jasmin and Amanina Binti Abdur Rahman

10629: Social Insurance for Gig Workers: Insights from a Discrete Choice Experiment in Malaysia

Yashodhan Ghorpade, Amanina Binti Abdur Rahman and Alyssa Farha Binti Jasmin

10628: Is There Still A Role for Direct Government Support to Firms in Developing Countries?

David J. Mckenzie

10627: Malnourished but Not Destitute: The Spatial Interplay between Nutrition and Poverty in Madagascar

Dunstan Matekenya, Francis Muamba Mulangu and David Newhouse

10626: Migration, families, and counterfactual families

Simone Bertoli, David J. Mckenzie and Elie Murard

10625: Asking Better Questions: The Effect of Changing Investment Organizations’ Evaluation Practices on Gender Disparities in Funding Innovation

Amisha Miller, Saurabh A. Lall, Markus P. Goldstein and Joao H. C. Montalvao Machado

10624: Stuck in a Conflict Trap: The Case of the Central African Republic Civil War

Pierre Jean-Claude Mandon, Vincent Remi Nossek and Diderot Guy D Estaing Sandjong Tomi

10623: Energy Price Shocks and Current Account Balances: Evidence from Emerging Market and Developing Economies

Mathilde Sylvie Maria Lebrand, Garima Vasishtha and Hakan Yilmazkuday

10622: Are the Poorest Catching Up ?

James Cust, Paul Collier and Lexis Rivera-Ballesteros

10621: An Anatomy of Urbanization in Sub-Saharan Africa

Pierre-Philippe Combes, Clément Gorin, Shohei Nakamura, Mark Roberts and Benjamin P. Stewart

10620: Where Is Poverty Concentrated ? New Evidence Based on Internationally Consistent Urban and Poverty Measurements

Shohei Nakamura, Pierre-Philippe Combes, Robin Moellerherm, Charlotte Genevieve Julka Robert, Mark Roberts, Benjamin Stewart and Slava Yakubenko

10619: Counting People Exposed to, Vulnerable to, or at High Risk From Climate Shocks — A Methodology

Miki Khanh Doan, Ruth Hill, Stephane Hallegatte, Paul Andres Corral Rodas, Ben James Brunckhorst, Minh Nguyen, Samuel Freije-Rodriguez and Esther G. Naikal

10618: Changes in Household Dynamics in South Yemen

Phoebe Saad Wasfy Ishak, Alia Jane Aghajanian and Yashodhan Ghorpade

10617: Is Natural Capital a Complement to Human Capital ? Evidence from 46 Countries

World Bank

10616: Updating Poverty in Afghanistan Using the SWIFT-Plus Methodology

Oscar Eduardo Barriga Cabanillas, Parth Chawla, Silvia Redaelli and Nobuo Yoshida

10615: Building Public Support for Reducing Fossil Fuel Subsidies: Evidence across 12 Middle-Income Countries

Christopher Alexander Hoy, Yeon Soo Kim, Minh Nguyen, Mariano Ernesto Sosa and Sailesh Tiwari

10614: Reassessing the Impacts of Exports on Local Labor Market Outcomes: A Supply Chain Perspective — Evidence from the Arab Republic of Egypt

Pablo Antonio Tillan, Deeksha Kokas, Carlos Andre Bezerra De Goes and Gladys C. Lopez-Acevedo

10613: Too Rare to Dare ? Leveraging Household Surveys to Boost Research on Climate Migration

Calogero Carletto, Marco Letta, Pierluigi Montalbano, Adriana Paolantonio and Alberto Zezza

10612: Impacts of Extremist Ideologies on Refugees' Integration: Evidence from Afghan Refugees in Tajikistan

Laurent Bossavie, Sandra Viviana Rozo Villarraga and Maria Jose Urbina Florez

10611: Forecasting Industrial Commodity Prices: Literature Review and a Model Suite

Francisco Arroyo Marioli, Jeetendra Khadan, Franziska Lieselotte Ohnsorge and Takefumi Yamazaki

10610: Improving Consumption-Based Tax Compliance: Evidence from Point of Sale Usage in Subnational Governments in Indonesia

Muhammad Khudadad Chattha, Prabaning Tyas, Naranggi Pramudya Soko and Raka Rizky Fadilla

10609: Trade and Infrastructure Integration in Africa

Lionel Fontagné, Mathilde Sylvie Maria Lebrand, Siobhan Murray, Michele Ruta and Gianluca Santoni

10608: Indonesia's Informal Economy: Measurement, Evidence, and a Research Agenda

Christine Marie Jimenez Ablaza, Vinayak Alladi and Utz Pape

10607: Herder-Related Violence, Agricultural Work, and the Informal Sector as a Safety Net

Jeffrey Richard Bloem, Amy Damon, David C. Francis and Harrison Mitchell

10606: Containing Tariff Evasion

Clement Xavier Frederik Anne, Cyril Romain Chalendard, Ana Margarida Fernandes, Bob Rijkers and Vincent Vicard

10605: How Have Gender Gaps in the Colombian Labor Market Changed during the Economic Recovery?

Maria Eugenia Davalos, Diana Isabel Londono Aguirre and Daniel Medina Gaspar

10604: Economic Sentiments and Expectations in Sub-Saharan Africa in a Time of Multiple Shocks

Philip Randolph Wollburg, Thomas Patrick Bentze and Talip Kilic

10603: Digital Payments and the COVID-19 Shock: The Role of Preexisting Conditions in Banking, Infrastructure, Human Capabilities, and Digital Regulation

Robert J. Cull, Vivien Foster, Dean Jolliffe, Daniel Lederman, Davide Salvatore Mare and Malarvizhi Veerappan

10602: Making the Low-Income Country Debt Sustainability Framework Fit for Purpose

Indermit S. Gill and Brian R. Pinto

10601: Quality Regulation Creates and Reallocates Trade

Lucas Zavala, Ana Margarida Fernandes, Ryan Haygood, Tristan Reed and Jose Daniel Reyes

10600: Endogenous Institutions and Economic Policy

James Alan Robinson, Alexander Vostroknutov and Ekaterina Vostroknutova

10599: Alternative Paths for Yemen up to 2030: A CGE-Based Simulation Analysis

Hans Lofgren, Martín Cicowiez and Gianluca Mele

10598: MiDES: New Data and Facts from Local Procurement and Budget Execution in Brazil

Ricardo Dahis, Bernardo Ricca, Thiago De Gouvea Scot De Arruda, Nathalia Machado Sales and Lucas Nascimento Moreira

10597: Using Large Language Models for Qualitative Analysis can Introduce Serious Bias

Julian Ashwin, Aditya Chhabra and Vijayendra Rao

10596: The Enduring Impacts of a Big Push during Multiple Crises: Experimental Evidence from Afghanistan

Guadalupe Bedoya Arguelles, Yulia Belyakova, Aidan Coville, Thomas Escande, Mohammad Isaqzadeh and Aminata Ndiaye

10595: Exports to Jobs: Morocco’s Trade Patterns and Local Labor Market Outcomes

Jaime Alfonso Roche Rodriguez, Gladys C. Lopez-Acevedo, Raymond Robertson and Daniela Ruiz Zárate

10594: A Fish Cartel for Africa

Aaron Gabriel Ratliffe Englander and Christopher Costello

10593: Is US Trade Policy Reshaping Global Supply Chains ?

Caroline Freund, Aaditya Mattoo, Alen Mulabdic and Michele Ruta

10592: Assessing the Efficiency and Fairness of the Fit for 55 Package toward Net Zero Emissions under Different Revenue Recycling Schemes for Italy

Carlo Orecchia, Valerio Ferdinando Cala, Fabiana de Cristofaroa and Hasan Dudu

10591: What I Really Want: Policy Maker Views on Education in East Asia Pacific

Noah Bunce Yarrow, Paul Marie Michel Cahu, Mary E. Breeding and Rythia Afkar

10590: The Fine Line between Nudging and Nagging: Increasing Take-up Rates through Social Media Platforms

Andres Moya, Sandra Viviana Rozo Villarraga and Maria Jose Urbina Florez

10589: Health Crisis, Mobility Restrictions, and Group Trade: Evidence from Small-Scale Cross-Border Transactions in the Great Lakes Region

John C. Keyser, Charles Kunaka and Peter Walkenhorst

10588: The Effects of Fiscal Policy on Inequality and Poverty in Iraq

Beenish Amjad, Maynor Vinicio Cabrera and Lokendra Phadera

10587: Labor Market Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the West Bank and Gaza

Jingyuan Deng, Nelly Youssef Louis William Elmallakh, Luca Flabbi and Roberta V. Gatti

10586: Informality in Indonesia: Levels, Trends, and Features

Indira Maulani Hapsari, Shu Yu, Utz Pape and Wael Mansour

10585: Tracing Pandemic Impacts in the Absence of Regular Survey Data: What Have We Learned from the World Bank’s High-Frequency Phone Surveys?

Ben James Brunckhorst, Yeon Soo Kim and Alexandru Cojocaru

10584: Business Size, Development, and Inequality in Latin America: A Tale of One Tail

Marcela Eslava, Marcela Melendez Arjona, Laura Daniela Tenjo Galvis and Nicolas Urdaneta

10583: Geospatial Analysis of Displacement in Afghanistan

Anais Dahmani Scuitti, Erwin Willem Yvonnick Leon Knippenberg, Walker Turnbull Kosmidou-Bradley and Johanna Lee Belanger

10582: Capital Controls in Emerging and Developing Economies and the Transmission of U.S. Monetary Policy

Jongrim Ha, Haiqin Liu and John Rogers

10581: Trading in Clusters and the Future of Small-Scale Trade in the Borderlands of the Great Lakes Region of Africa

Célestin B. Bucekuderhwa, Charles Kunaka, Nyembezi Mvunga and Douglas Amuli Ibale

10580: Does Informality Depress Investments and Job Recovery ? Firm-Level Evidence from the COVID-19 Crisis in South Asia

Arti Goswami Grover and Mariana De La Paz Pereira Lopez

10579: Do Shocks Perpetuate Disparities within and across Informal Firms ? Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Asia

Arti Goswami Grover and Mariana De La Paz Pereira Lopez

10578: Assessing the Success of National Human Rights Action Plans through a Political Economy Lens: The Case of Chile

Paola Carolina Fajardo Heyward and Jose Antonio Cuesta Leiva

10577: Reconceptualizing Global Multidimensional Poverty Measurement, with Illustration on Nigerian Data

Benoit Marie A Decerf and Kike Yra Fonton

10576: Job Training and Job Search Assistance Policies in Developing Countries

Eliana Carranza and David J. Mckenzie

10575: The Labor Market Effects of Disability Benefit Loss

Anikó Bíró, Cecília Hornok, Judit Krekó, Daniel Prinz and Ágota Scharle

10574: Training Microentrepreneurs over Zoom: Experimental Evidence from Mexico

Elwyn Adriaan Robin Davies, Peter William Deffebach, Leonardo Iacovone and David J. Mckenzie

10573: Effect of a Lottery Intervention on Gender-Based Violence among Female Sex Workers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: Results from a Randomized Trial

Rebecca Hémono, Marianna Balampama, Damien B. C. M. De Walque, Sandra Irene Mccoy and William Dow

10572: Influence of COVID-19 on Female Sex Workers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A Mixed-Methods Analysis

Marianna Balampama, Damien B. C. M. De Walque, William Dow and Rebecca Hémono

10571: Effects of a Lottery Incentive on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Incidence among Female Sex Workers in Tanzania: Results from the RESPECT II Randomized Trial

Marianna Balampama, Damien B. C. M. De Walque, William Dow and Rebecca Hémono

10570: Fiscal Policy Effects on Poverty and Inequality in Cambodia

Wendy Karamba, Michal Myck, Kajetan Wladyslaw Trzcinski and Kimsun Tong

10569: Inequality of Opportunity and Investment Choices

J. Michelle Brock and Maurizio Bussolo

10568: How to Deal with Exchange Rate Risk in Infrastructure and Other Long-Lived Projects

Luciano de Castro, Claudio R. Frischtak and Arthur Rodrigues

10567: Rebel with a Cause: Effects of a Gender Norms Intervention for Adolescents in Somalia

Rajdev Kaur Brar, Niklas Buehren, Sreelakshmi Papineni and Munshi Sulaiman

10566: Corruption as a Push and Pull Factor of Migration Flows: Evidence from European Countries

Andrea Bernini, Laurent Bossavie, Daniel Garrote Sanchez and Mattia Makovec

10565: Identifying Skills Needs in Vietnam: The Survey of Detailed Skills

Julia Granata, Harry Edmund Moroz and Nga Thi Nguyen

10564: Policy Uncertainty and Aggregate Fluctuations: Evidence from Emerging and Developed Economies

Haroon Mumtaz and Franz Ruch

10563: Savings Facilitation or Capital Injection ? Impacts and Spillovers of Livelihood Interventions in Post-Conflict Côte d’Ivoire

Alicia C. Marguerie and Patrick Premand

10562: The Resilience of SMEs and Large Firms in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Decomposition Analysis

Mohammad Amin, Filip Jolevski and Asif Islam

10561: The Effects of Climate Change in the Poorest Countries: Evidence from the Permanent Shrinking of Lake Chad

Remi Jedwab, Federico Haslop, Roman David Zarate Vasquez and Carlos Rodriguez Castelan

10560: Women’s Empowerment and Child Nutritional Outcomes in Rural Burkina Faso

Pouirkèta Rita Nikiema and Monsoi Kenneth Colombiano Kponou

10559: Machine Learning Imputation of High Frequency Price Surveys in Papua New Guinea

Bo Andree and Utz Pape

10558: Could Sustainability-Linked Bonds Incentivize Lower Deforestation in Brazil’s Legal Amazon ?

Dieter Wang, Bryan O'Reilly Gurhy, Marek Hanusch and Philipp Kollenda

10557: Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine and Firm Performance in Central Asia: The Role of Export Links and Digital Gains

Nicolo Dalvit, Mariana Iootty De Paiva Dias, Martin Melecký and Nithya Srinivasan

10556: Masters of Disasters: The Heterogeneous Effects of a Crisis on Micro-Sized Firms

Arlan Zandro Ilagan Brucal and Arti Goswami Grover

10555: The Added Value of Local Democracy: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in India

Abhishek Arora, Siddharth George, Vijayendra Rao and Mr Sharan

10554: Anticipation, Disappointment and Adaptation: Evidence from a Home Upgrading Project

Xavier Gine, Meritxell Martinez Ruiz and Virginia Melo

10553: A Spatial Perspective on Booms and Busts: Evidence from Türkiye

Javier Eduardo Baez Ramirez, Cigdem Celik and Varun Sridhar Kshirsagar

10552: Greener Is Not Always Pricier: Ecolabeling and Price Premium in the Tourism Industry

Ridwan Bolaji Bello, Olanrewaju Malik Kassim and Sodiq Oladayo Bello

10551: A Climate-Fiscal Policy Mix to Achieve Türkiye’s Net-Zero Ambition under Feasibility Constraints

Christian Schoder and Remzi Baris Tercioglu

10550: The Rough Road to Services and Livelihood Opportunities in Rural Haiti and the Added Impact of Natural Disasters

Aiga Stokenberga, Cecilia Nallely Escalante Hernandez, Karla Dominguez Gonzalez, Xavier Espinet Alegre and Malaika Becoulet

10549: Does Food Insecurity Hinder Migration ? Experimental Evidence from the Indian Public Distribution System

Travis Baseler, Ambar Narayan, Odyssia Sophie Si Jia Ng and Sutirtha Sinha Roy

10548: Ayollarga nisbatan ish haqini kamsitish uchun imtiyozlar

World Bank

10547: Fiscal Policy as a Tool for Gender Equity in El Salvador

Monica Robayo-Abril, Ana Maria Tribin Uribe and Jose Andres Oliva Cepeda

10546: Assessing the Effectiveness of Social Protection Measures in Mitigating COVID-19-Related Income Shocks in the European Union

Katrin Gasior, H. Xavier Jara and Mattia Makovec