Policy Research Working Paper Series

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4488: Realizing the gains from trade: export crops, marketing costs, and poverty

Jorge Balat, Irene Brambilla and Guido Porto

4487: Fiscal redistribution and income inequality in Latin America

Edwin Goni, Humberto Lopez and Luis Servén

4486: On the welfarist rationale for relative poverty lines

Martin Ravallion

4485: Living on the edge -- risk, protection, behavior, and outcomes of Argentine youth

Michael Justesen

4484: On measuring the benefits of lower transport costs

Hanan Jacoby and Bart Minten

4483: Enforceability of labor law: evidence from a labor court in Mexico

David Kaplan and Joyce Sadka

4482: The impact of regional liberalization and harmonization in road transport services: a focus on Zambia and lessons for landlocked countries

Gaël Raballand, Charles Kunaka and Bo Giersing

4481: Bank financing to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Colombia

Constantinos Stephanou and Camila Rodriguez

4480: Aid, growth, and real exchange rate dynamics

Shantayanan Devarajan, Delfin Go, John Page, Sherman Robinson and Karen Thierfelder

4479: Bosnia and Herzegovina 2001-2004: enterprise restructuring, labor market transitions and poverty

Erwin R. Tiongson and Ruslan Yemtsov

4478: Joseph E. Stiglitz

Karla Hoff

4477: Finding missing markets (and a disturbing epilogue): evidence from an export crop adoption and marketing intervention in Kenya

Nava Ashraf, Xavier Gine and Dean Karlan

4476: Informality among formal firms: firm-level, cross-country evidence on tax compliance and access to credit

Roberta Gatti and Maddalena Honorati

4475: Managing post-disaster reconstruction finance -- international experience in public financial management

Wolfgang Fengler, Ahya Ihsan and Kai Kaiser

4474: Indigenous and colonial origins of comparative economic development: the case of colonial India and Africa

C. A. Bayly

4473: Patterns of export diversification in developing countries: intensive and extensive margins

Alberto Amurgo-Pacheco and Martha Denisse Pierola

4472: Rising growth, declining investment: the puzzle of the Philippines

Alessandro Magnoli Bocchi

4471: Distortions to agricultural incentives in Australia since world war II

Kym Anderson, Peter Lloyd and Donald MacLaren

4470: Can China continue feeding itself ? the impact of climate change on agriculture

Jinxia Wang, Robert Mendelsohn, Ariel Dinar, Jikun Huang, Scott Rozelle and Lijuan Zhang

4469: Finance, financial sector policies, and long-run growth

Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Ross Levine

4468: Finance and economic opportunity

Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Ross Levine

4467: Foreign bank acquisitions and outreach: evidence from Mexico

Thorsten Beck and Maria Martinez Peria

4466: On SARS type economic effects during infectious disease outbreaks

Milan Brahmbhatt and Arindam Dutta

4465: Formal versus informal finance: evidence from China

Meghana Ayyagari, Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Vojislav Maksimovic

4464: Regionalism and trade facilitation: a primer

Jean-Christophe Maur

4463: Are there lessons for africa from China's success against poverty ?

Martin Ravallion

4462: Bypassing health providers: the quest for better price and quality of health care in Chad

Bernard Gauthier and Waly Wane

4461: Services trade and growth

Bernard Hoekman and Aaditya Mattoo

4460: Infrastructure and growth in developing countries: recent advances and research challenges

Stephane Straub

4459: (UN)Bundling public-private partnership contracts in the water sector: competition in auctions and economies of scale in operation

Atsushi Iimi

4458: An alternative framework for foreign exchange risk management of sovereign debt

Martin Melecký

4457: Who are the net food importing countries ?

Francis Ng and M. Ataman Aksoy

4456: Aid inflows and the real effective exchange rate in Tanzania

Ying Li and Francis Rowe

4455: Where to sell ? market facilities and agricultural marketing

Forhad Shilpi and Dina Umali-Deininger

4454: Land rental markets in the process of rural structural transformation: productivity and equity impacts in China

Klaus Deininger and Songqing Jin

4453: Is Accra a superstar city ?

Robert Buckley and Ashna Mathema

4452: Fiscal spending and economic performance: some stylized facts

Celine Carrere and Jaime de Melo

4451: Regulatory cooperation, aid for trade and the general agreement on trade in services

Bernard Hoekman and Aaditya Mattoo

4450: Developing countries and enforcement of trade agreements: why dispute settlement is not enough

Chad Bown and Bernard Hoekman

4449: Does it pay firms to register for taxes ? the impact of formality on firm profitability

David McKenzie and Yaye Seynabou Sakho

4448: Land reforms, poverty reduction, and economic growth: evidence from India

Klaus Deininger, Songqing Jin and Hari Nagarajan

4447: Securing property rights in transition: lessons from implementation of China's rural land contracting law

Klaus Deininger and Songqing Jin

4446: What matters to African firms ? the relevance of perceptions data

Alan Gelb, Vijaya Ramachandran, Manju Kedia Shah and Ginger Turner

4445: Emerging market liquidity and crises

Eduardo Levy Yeyati, Sergio Schmukler and Neeltje Van Horen

4444: The impoverishing effect of adverse health events: evidence from the western Balkans

Mariapia Mendola, Caryn Bredenkamp and Michele Gragnolati

4443: Human capital and university-industry linkages'role in fostering firm innovation: an empirical study of Chile and Colombia

Daniela Marotta, Michael Mark, Andreas Blom and Kristian Thorn

4442: Assessing the functioning of land rental markets in Ethiopia

Klaus Deininger, Daniel Ayalew Ali and Tekie Alemu

4441: Early development economics debates revisited

Michele Alacevich

4440: Affordability and subsidies in public urban transport: what do we mean, what can be done?

Nicolas Estupinan, Andres Gomez-Lobo, Ramon Munoz-Raskin and Tomas Serebrisky

4439: Does corruption impact on firms'ability to conduct business in Mauritania ? evidence from investment climate survey data

Manuela Francisco and Nicola Pontara

4438: Annuities in Switzerland

Monika Bütler and Martin Ruesch

4437: Pension institutions and annuities in Denmark

Carsten Andersen and Peter Skjodt

4436: Public-private partnerships in transport

Antonio Estache, Ellis J. Juan and Lourdes Trujillo

4435: When do enterprises prefer informal credit ?

Mehnaz Safavian and Joshua Wimpey

4434: Litigation and settlement: new evidence from labor courts in Mexico

David Kaplan, Joyce Sadka and Jorge Luis Silva-Mendez

4433: Mexican employment dynamics: evidence from matched firm-worker data

David Kaplan, Gabriel Martinez and Raymond Robertson

4432: Does employment generation really matter for poverty reduction ?

Catalina Gutierrez, Carlo Orecchia, Pierella Paci and Pieter Serneels

4431: Poverty reduction without economic growth ? explaining Brazil's poverty dynamics, 1985-2004

Francisco Ferreira, Phillippe G. Leite and Martin Ravallion

4430: The composition of public expenditure and growth: a small-scale intertemporal model for low-income countries

Nihal Bayraktar and Emmanuel Pinto Moreira

4429: Comparative analysis of labor market dynamics using markov processes: an application to informality

Mariano Bosch and William Maloney

4428: Russian WTO accession: what has been accomplished, what can be expected

David Tarr

4427: Distributional effects of educational improvements:are we using the wrong model ?

François Bourguignon and Frederic Rogers

4426: Statistical analysis of rainfall insurance payouts in southern India

Xavier Gine, Robert Townsend and James Vickery

4425: Insurance, credit, and technology adoption: field experimental evidence from Malawi

Xavier Gine and Dean Yang

4424: Improving nutritional status through behavioral change: lessons from Madagascar

Emanuela Galasso and Nithin Umapathi

4423: Regional integration in South Asia: what role for trade facilitation ?

John Wilson and Tsunehiro Otsuki

4422: Improving indoor air quality for poor families: a controlled experiment in Bangladesh

Susmita Dasgupta, Mainul Huq, M. Khaliquzzaman and David Wheeler

4421: The determinants of HIV infection and related sexual behaviors: evidence from Lesotho

Lucia Corno and Damien de Walque

4420: Diffusion of the internet: a cross-country analysis

Luis Andres, David Cuberes, Mame Astou Diouf and Tomas Serebrisky

4419: Surveying migrant households: a comparison of census-based, snowball, and intercept point surveys

David McKenzie and Johan Mistiaen

4418: Exports and productivity - comparable evidence for 14 countries

The International Study Group on Exports and Productivity

4417: Perceptions of environmental risks in Mozambique: implications for the success of adaptation and coping strategies

Anthony G. Patt and Dagmar Schroter

4416: Cote d'Ivoire: competitiveness, Cocoa, and the real exchange rate

Zeljko Bogetic, Carlos Espina and John Noer

4415: Cote d'ivoire volatility, shocks and growth

Zeljko Bogetic, Carlos Espina and John Noer

4414: Cote d'Ivoire: from success to failure a story of growth, specialization, and the terms of trade

Zeljko Bogetic, John Noer and Carlos Espina

4413: Heard melodies are sweet, but those unheard are sweeter: understanding corruption using cross-national firm-level surveys

Nathan Jensen, Quan Li and Aminur Rahman

4412: Measuring ancient inequality

Branko Milanovic, Peter Lindert and Jeffrey G. Williamson

4411: what is missing between agricultural growth and infrastructure development ? cases of coffee and dairy in Africa

Atsushi Iimi and James Wilson Smith

4410: Current debates on infrastructure policy

Antonio Estache and Marianne Fay

4409: Reducing the transaction costs of development assistance Ghana's multi-donor budget support (MDBS) experience from 2003 to 2007

Carlos Cavalcanti

4408: Patternsof rainfall insurance participation in rural India

Xavier Gine, Robert Townsend and James Vickery

4407: Bank privatization in Sub-Saharan Africa: the case of Uganda commercial bank

George Clarke, Robert Cull and Michael Fuchs

4406: Gauging the welfare effects of shocks in rural Tanzania

Luc Christiaensen, Vivian Hoffmann and Alexander Sarris

4405: Fiscal policy, public expenditure composition, and growth theory and empirics

Willi Semmler, Alfred Greiner, Bobo Diallo, Armon Rezai and Anand Rajaram

4404: Changing norms about gender inequality in education: evidence from Bangladesh

Niels-Hugo (Hugo) Blunch and Maitreyi Das

4403: Ideas and innovation in East Asia

Milan Brahmbhatt and Albert Guangzhou Hu

4402: Product market regulation in Romania: a comparison with OECD countries

Marianne Fay, Donato De Rosa and Catalin Pauna

4401: Transparency, trade costs, and regional integration in the Asia Pacific

Matthias Helble, Ben Shepherd and John Wilson

4400: Help or hindrance ? the impact of harmonized standards on african exports

Witold Czubala, Ben Shepherd and John Wilson

4399: Analyzing the impact of legislation on child labor in Pakistan

Tazeen Fasih

4398: Patterns of long term growth in Sub-Saharan Africa

Jorge Arbache and John Page

4397: Riots, coups and civil war: revisiting the greed and grievance debate

Cristina Bodea and Ibrahim A. Elbadawi

4396: Growth diagnostics for a resource-rich transition economy: the case of Mongolia

Elena Ianchovichina and Sudarshan Gooptu

4395: Public transport subsidies and affordability in Mumbai, India

Maureen Cropper and Soma Bhattacharya

4394: The incidence of graft on developing-country firms

Alvaro Gonzalez, José López-Córdova and Elio E. Valladares

4393: Product market regulation in Bulgaria: a comparison with OECD Countries

Marianne Fay, Donato De Rosa and Stella Ilieva

4392: Global growth and distribution: are China and India reshaping the world?

Maurizio Bussolo, Rafael De Hoyos, Denis Medvedev and Dominique van der Mensbrugghe

4391: Alternatives to infrastructure privatization revisited: public enterprise reform from the1960s to the 1980s

Jose A. Gomez-Ibanez

4390: Product standards, harmonization, and trade: evidence from the extensive margin

Ben Shepherd

4389: Practical guidelines for effective bank resolution

Javier Bolzico, Yira Mascaro and Paola Granata