Policy Research Working Paper Series

From The World Bank
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905: Investing in all the people

Lawrence H. Summers

904: Economic growth and environmental quality: time series and cross-country evidence

Nemat Shafik and Sushenjit Bandyopadhyay

903: The economic effects of minimum import prices: with an application to Uruguay

Federico Changanaqui and Patrick Messerlin

902: Public sector"debt distress"in Argentina, 1988-89

Paul Beckerman

901: Opening the capital account: a survey of issues and results

James A. Hanson

900: The relationship between German banks and large German firms

Christian Harm

899: The financing of small firms in Germany

Christian Harm

898: Reforming finance in transitional socialist economies: avoiding the path from shell money to shell games

Gerard Caprio and Ross Levine

897: Unemployment insurance for developing countries

Daniel S. Hamermesh

896: Achievement evaluation of Colombia's Escuela Nueva: is multigrade the answer?

George Psacharopoulos, Carlos Rojas and Eduardo Velez

895: How can debt swaps be used for development?

Mohua Mukherjee

894: Social indicators and productivity convergence in developing countries

Gregory Ingram

893: The evolving legal framework for private sector activity in Slovenia

Cheryl W. Gray and Franjo D. Stiblar

892: Evaluating the asset based minimum tax on corporations: an option pricing approach

Antonio Estache and Sweder van Wijnbergen

891: Public institutions and private transactions: the legal and regulatory environment for business private transactions in Brazil and Chile

Andrew Stone, Brian Levy and Ricardo Paredes

890: Population, health, and nutrition: fiscal 1991 sector review

Denise Vaillancourt, Janet Nassim and Stacye Brown

889: On-the-job improvements in teacher competence: policy options and their effects on teaching and learning in Thailand

Stephen W. Raudenbush, Suwanna Eamsukkawat, Ikechuku Di-Ibor, Mohamed Kamali and Wimol Taoklam

888: Transformation of agriculture in central Eastern Europe and the former USSR: major policy issues and perspectives

Csaba Csaki

887: Power sharing and pollution control: coordinating policies among levels of government

William Jack

886: Factors that affect short-term commercial bank lending to developing countries

Sudarshan Gooptu and Maria Martinez Peria

885: The impact of EC-92 on developing countries'trade: a dissenting view

Andrew J. Hughes Hallett

884: Intercommodity price transmittal: analysis offood markets in Ghana

Harold Alderman

883: Malaria: the impact of treated bed nets on childhood mortality in the Gambia

Pedro L. Alonso, Allan G. Hill, Patricia H. David, Greg Fegan, Joanna R.M. Armstrong, Andreas Francisco, K. Cham and Brian M. Greenwood

882: Issues in reforming financial systems in Eastern Europe: the case of Bulgaria

Alfredo Eduardo Thorne

881: Dual and multiple exchange rate systems in developing countries: some empirical evidence

Nita Ghei and Miguel A. Kiguel

880: Exchange rate policy, the real exchange rate, and inflation: lessons from Latin America

Miguel A. Kiguel

879: Comprehensive water resources management: a concept paper

Peter Rogers

878: Adjustment and private investment in Kenya

Kazi M. Matin and Bernard Wasow

877: Assessing gains in efficient production among China's industrial enterprises

Gary Jefferson and Wenyi Xu

876: Old debts and new beginnings: a policy choice in transitional socialist economies

Ross Levine and David Scott

875: Rural finance in developing countries

Jacob Yaron

874: The trade restrictiveness index: an application to Mexican agriculture

James Anderson and Geoffrey Bannister

873: Measure and interpretation of effective protection in the presence of high capital costs: evidence from India

Francois M. Ettori

872: Romania's evolving legal framework for private sector development

Cheryl W. Gray, Rebecca J. Hanson and Peter G. Ianachkov

871: The distribution of the benefits from social services in Indonesia, 1978-87

Dominique van de Walle

870: Economic shocks and the global environment

F. Desmond McCarthy and Ashok Dhareshwar

869: Financing local government in Hungary

Richard Bird and Christine Wallich

868: Mortality reductions from measles and tetanus immunization: a review of the evidence

Michael Koenig

867: The rationale and performance of personal pension plans in Chile

Dimitri Vittas and Augusto Iglesias

866: Regulatory and institutional impacts of securities market computerization

Robert Pardy

865: Food security and health security: explaining the levels of nutrition in Pakistan

Harold Alderman and Marito Garcia

864: Privatization of natural monopoly public enterprises: the regulation issue

Ralph Bradburd

863: Intergovernmental fiscal relations in China

Roy Bahl and Christine Wallich

862: Higher education in Egypt

Alan Richards

861: Private saving in Mexico, 1980-90

Patricio Arrau and Daniel Oks

860: The restrictiveness of the multi-fibre arrangement on Eastern European trade

Refik Erzan and Christopher Holmes

859: Macroeconomic management and the black market for foreign exchange in Sudan

Ibrahim A. Elbadawi

858: Contractual savings and emerging securities markets

Dimitri Vittas

857: The life insurance industry in the United States: an analysis of economic and regulatory issues

Kenneth M. Wright

856: Latin American women's earnings and participation in the labor force

George Psacharopoulos and Zafiris Tzannatos

855: Sovereign debt: a primer

Jonathan Eaton

854: Is there a case for an optimal export tax on perennial crops?

Takamasa Akiyama

853: Policy uncertainty, information asymmetries, and financial intermediation

Gerard Caprio

852: How health insurance affects the delivery of health care in developing countries

Joseph Kutzin and Howard Barnum

851: Sources of World Bank estimates of current mortality rates

Eduard Bos, My T. Vu and Patience W. Stephens

850: Fiscal adjustment and the real exchange rate: the case of Bangladesh

Kazi M. Matin

849: Financial structures and economic development

Ross Levine

848: How EC 1992 and reforms of the common agricultural policy would affect developing countries'grain trade

Merlinda D. Ingco and Donald Mitchell

847: Coping with the legacies of subsidized mortgage credit in Hungary

Silvia B. Sagari and Loic Chiquier

846: Incorporating cost and cost - effectiveness into the development of safe motherhood programs

Larry Forgy, Diana M. Measham and Anne G. Tinker

845: Inflation stabilization in Turkey: an application of the RMSM-X model

Luc Everaert

844: Heterogeneity, distribution, and cooperation in common property resource management

Ravi Kanbur

843: How financial markets affect long run growth: a cross country study

Ejaz Ghani

842: Capital flows to South Asian and ASEAN countries: trends, determinants, and policy implications

Ishrat Husain and Kwang W. Jun

841: How access to contraception affects fertility and contraceptive use in Tunisia

Susan Cochrane and David K. Guilkey

840: Public sector debt, fiscal deficits, and economic adjustment: a comparative study of six EMENA countries

Alfredo E. Thorne and Azita Dastgheib

839: Regional integration under VERs: when trade diversion is unambiguously beneficial

David Tarr

838: Measuring trade policy intervention: a cross-country index of relative price dispersion

Brian J. Aitken

837: Manpower planning in a market economy with labor market signals

Arvil Van Adams, John Middleton and Adrian Ziderman

836: Sources of income inequality in rural Pakistan: a decomposition analysis

Richard Adams and Harold Alderman

835: Commodity stabilization funds

Patricio Arrau and Stijn Claessens

834: Scenarios for growth in the 1990s

Shahrokh Fardoust and Jian-Ping Zhou

833: Stabilization and growth recovery in Mexico: lessons and dilemmas

Daniel Oks

832: Sustainability and the economics of assuring assets for future generations

Richard B. Norgaard

831: Real overvaluation, terms of trade shocks, and the cost to agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa

Ibrahim A. Elbadawi

830: Fixed parity of the exchange rate and economic performance in the CFA zone: a comparative study

Ibrahim Elbadawi and Nader Majd

829: Regulation of securities markets: some recent trends and their implications for emerging markets

Terry M. Chuppe and Michael Atkin

828: How the macroeconomic environment affects human resource development

Arvil Van Adams, Robert Goldfarb and Terence Kelly

827: Free trade agreements with the United States: what's in it for Latin America?

Refik Erzan and Alexander Yeats

826: Do workers in the informal sector benefit from cuts in the minimum wage?

Ariel Fiszbein

825: The empty opportunity: local control of secondary schools and student achievement in the Philippines

Marlaine Lockheed and Qinghua Zhao

824: Back of the envelope estimates of environmental damage costs in Mexico

Sergio Margulis

823: How private enterprise organized agricultural markets in Kenya

Steven M. Jaffee

822: Paternalism and the alleviation of poverty

Nancy Jesurun-Clements

821: Wages and unemployment in Poland: recent developments and policy issues

Fabrizio Coricelli and Ana Revenga

820: Taxation in decentralizing socialist economies: the case of China

Christopher J. Heady and Pradeep K. Mitra

819: Financial indicators and growth in a cross section of countries

Robert King and Ross Levine

818: Do rules control power? GATT articles and arrangements in the Uruguay Round

Joseph Finger and Sumana Dhar

817: How does Brady-type commercial debt restructuring work?

Mohua Mukherjee

816: Economic consequences of German reunification: 12 months after the big bang

Gerhard Pohl

815: Governance and economy: a review

D. Brautigam

814: Finance, growth, and public policy

Mark Gertler and Andrew Rose

813: Price stabilization for raw jute in Bangladesh

Takamasa Akiyama and Panos Varangis

812: Alternative forms of external finance: a survey

Stijn Claessens

811: Comparative resource allocations to human resource development in Asia, Europe, and Latin America

P. T. Knight and S. S. Wasty

810: Poverty and income distribution during adjustment: issues and evidence from the OECD project

François Bourguignon, Jaime de Melo and Christian Morrisson

809: Openness and growth: a time series, cross-country analysis for developing countries

Ann Harrison

808: The new trade protection: price effects of antidumping and countervailing measures in the United States

Ann Harrison

807: Moderate inflation

Rüdiger Dornbusch and Stanley Fischer

806: Measuring commercial bank efficiency: use and misuse of bank operating ratios

Dimitri Vittas