Policy Research Working Paper Series

From The World Bank
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10125: Will the Developing World’s Growing Middle Class Support Low-Carbon Policies ?

Matthew Kahn and Somik V. Lall

10124: Private but Misunderstood ? Evidence on Measuring Intimate Partner Violence via Self-Interviewing in Rural Liberia and Malawi

David Sungho Park, Shilpa Aggarwal, Dahyeon Jeong, Naresh Kumar, Jonathan Robinson and Alan Spearot

10123: Quantifying War-Induced Crop Losses in Ukraine in Near Real Time to Strengthen Local and Global Food Security

Klaus W. Deininger, Daniel Ayalew Ali, Nataliia Kussul, Andrii Yu Shelestov, Guido Lemoine and Hanna Yailimova

10122: Conditional Cash Transfers and Gender-Based Violence—Does the Type of Violence Matter ?

Ervin Dervisevic, Elizaveta Perova and Abhilasha Sahay

10121: Life Cycle Savings in a High-Informality Setting—Evidence from Pakistan

Clement Joubert and D Priyanka Kanth

10120: The Dog that Didn’t Bark: The Missed Opportunity of Africa’s Resource Boom

James Cust, Alexis Rivera Ballesteros and Albert G. Zeufack

10119: Beyond Political Connections: A Measurement Model Approach to Estimating Firm-level Political Influence in 41 Economies

David C. Francis and Robert Kubinec

10118: Transactional Governance Structures: New Cross-Country Data and an Application to the Effect of Uncertainty

David C. Francis, Nona Karalashvili and Peter Murrell

10117: Welfare Analysis of Changing Notches: Evidence from Bolsa Família

Katy Bergstrom, William Dodds and Juan Carlos Robles Rios

10116: The Impact of COVID-19 on Electricity Generation: An Empirical Investigation

Chang Shen, Anna Alberini and Govinda R. Timilsina

10115: Fooled by the Cycle: Permanent versus Cyclical Improvements in Social Indicators

Jose Andree Camarena Fonseca, Luciana Maria Galeano, Luis Morano, Jorge Puig, Daniel Riera-Crichton, Carlos Vegh, Lucila Venturi and Guillermo Vuletin

10114: Labor Market Rigidity at Home and Multinational Corporations’ Flexible Task Reallocation Abroad

JaeBin Ahn, Jaerim Choi and Sunghoon Chung

10113: Women’s Political Representation and Intimate Partner Violence

S Anukriti, Bilge Erten and Priya Mukherjee

10112: Trade Fraud and Non-Tariff Measures

Hiau Looi Kee and Alessandro Nicita

10111: Informal Microenterprises in Senegal: Performance Outcomes and Possible Avenues to Boost Productivity and Jobs

İzak Atiyas and Mark Andrew Dutz

10110: The Distributional Impact of Serbia’s Taxes and Social Spending

Trang Van Nguyen, Jelena Žarković, Marko Vladisavljevic and Saša Ranđelović

10109: Estimating Local Agricultural GDP across the World

Brian Blankespoor, Yating Ru, Ulrike Wood-Sichra, Timothy Thomas, Liangzhi You and Erwin Kalvelagen

10108: Is Dirt Cheap ? The Economic Costs of Failing to Meet Soil Health Requirements on Smallholder Farms

Sydney Gourlay and Talip Kilic

10107: Bring a Friend: Strengthening Women’s Social Networks and Reproductive Autonomy in India

S Anukriti, Catalina Herrera-Almanza and Mahesh Venkat Karra

10106: Indirect Effects of COVID-19 Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on Vaccine Acceptance

Maurizio Bussolo, Nayantara Sarma and Ivan Torre

10105: Consumption Cities versus Production Cities: New Considerations and Evidence

Remi Jedwab, Elena Ianchovichina and Federico Haslop

10104: Why Student Aid Matters ? Roadblocks to the Transition into Higher Education for Forced Migrants in Chile

Christian Blanco, Francisco Jalles Meneses and Mateo Villamizar-Chaparro

10103: Distributional Policies and Social Cohesion in a High-Unemployment Setting

Jorge Agüero and Eniola Fasola

10102: What it Takes to Return: UN Peacekeeping and the Safe Return of Displaced People

Vincenzo Bove, Jessica Di Salvatore and Leandro Elia

10101: Building Stability Between Host and Refugee Communities: Evidence from a TVET Program in Jordan and Lebanon

Neil Ferguson, Rebecca J. Wolfe, Laila Amine, Eric Ramadi and Lina Shahin

10100: Refugee Return and Social Cohesion

Isabel Ruiz and Carlos Ivan Vargas Silva

10099: Hosting New Neighbors: Perspectives of Host Communities on Social Cohesion in Eastern DRC

World Bank, Phuong Pham, O’Mealia,Thomas, Carol Wei, Kennedy Kihangi Bindu, Anupah Makoond and Patrick Thierry Vinck

10098: Adaptive Experiments for Policy Choice: Phone Calls for Home Reading in Kenya

Bruno Esposito and Anja Sautmann

10097: Social Exclusion: Concepts, Measurement, and a Global Estimate

Jose Cuesta, Borja López-Nova and Miguel Niño-Zarazúa

10096: Green Innovation and Economic Growth in a North-South Model

Jan Witajewski-Baltvilks and Carolyn Fischer

10095: How Can Vulnerable Internally Displaced Persons Be Transitioned from Humanitarian Assistance to Social Protection ? Evidence from Iraq

Chinedu Temple Obi, Lokendra Phadera, Matthew Grant Wai-Poi, Virginia Leape and Gabrielle Fox

10094: India's Services Sector Growth: The Impact of Services Trade on Non-tradable Services

Besart Avdiu, Karan Singh Bagavathinathan, Ritam Chaurey and Gaurav Nayyar

10093: Bridging the Targeting Gap: Assessing Humanitarian Beneficiaries’ Likely Eligibility for Social Protection in Iraq

Lokendra Phadera, Dhiraj Sharma, Matthew Grant Wai-Poi, Lotti Douglas, Vladimir Jovanovic, Oliver Westerman and Safwan Aziz Khan

10092: Non-Labor Input Quality and Small Farms in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review

Hope Michelson, Sydney Gourlay and Philip Randolph Wollburg

10091: Discrimination Toward Migrants During Crises

Marisol Rodriguez Chatruc and Sandra Rozo

10090: From #Hashtags to Legislation: Engagement and Support for Economic Reforms in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries

Rabah Arezki, Oussama Belmejdoub, Bilal Diab, Samira Kalla, Ha Nguyen, Abdulla Fahed Abdulla Ali Saif and Ivan Yotzov

10089: Household Use of Bottled Gas for Cooking: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

Masami Kojima and Xin Zhou

10088: Scaling Up Oportunidades and Its Impact on Child Nutrition

Maria Gabriela Farfan Betran, Maria Eugenia Genoni, Luis Rubalcava, Graciela M. Teruel and Duncan Thomas

10087: Economic Impacts of Meeting China’s NDC through Carbon Taxes with Alternative Schemes for Recycling Tax Revenues

Govinda R. Timilsina, Jun Pang and Yuanhua Chang

10086: Why Do Indian States Differ in Their Infrastructure Development ?

Govinda R. Timilsina, Pravakar Sahoo and Ranjan Kumar Dash

10085: Social Sustainability, Poverty, and Income: An Empirical Exploration

Jose Cuesta, Alma Lucia Madrigal Correa and Natalia Gisel Pecorari

10084: Natural Disasters and Economic Dynamics: Evidence from the Kerala Floods

Robert Beyer, Abhinav Narayanan and Gogol Thakur

10083: Do Refugees with Better Mental Health Better Integrate ? Evidence from the Building a New Life in Australia Longitudinal Survey

Hai-Anh Dang, Trong-Anh Trinh and Paolo Verme

10082: Understanding the Climate Change-Migration Nexus through the Lens of Household Surveys: An Empirical Review to Assess Data Gaps

Marco Letta, Pierluigi Montalbano and Adriana Paolantonio

10081: The Welfare Implications of COVID-19 for Fragile and Conflict-Affected Areas

Chrysostomos Tabakis, Gi Khan Ten, Joshua David Merfeld, David Newhouse, Utz Pape and Michael Weber

10080: How Well Can Real-Time Indicators Track the Economic Impacts of a Crisis Like COVID-19 ?

Gi Khan Ten, Joshua David Merfeld, Kibrom Tafere, David Newhouse and Utz Pape

10079: Corporate Debt and Stock Returns: Evidence from U.S. Firms during the 2020 Oil Crash

Rabah Arezki, Caleb Sungwoo Cho, Ha Nguyen and Anh Pham

10078: Geography, Institutions, and Global Cropland Dynamics

Hogeun Park, Harris Selod, Siobhan Murray and Gnanaraj Chellaraj

10077: Combining Survey and Geospatial Data Can Significantly Improve Gender-Disaggregated Estimates of Labor Market Outcomes

Joshua D. Merfeld, David Newhouse, Michael Weber and Partha Lahiri

10076: A Welfarist Theory Unifying Monetary and Non-Monetary Poverty Measurement

Benoit Marie A Decerf

10075: How Do Government Transfer Payments Affect Retail Prices and Welfare ? Evidence from SNAP

Justin H. Leung and Hee Kwon (Samuel) Seo

10074: What the Mean Measures of Mobility Miss: Learning About Intergenerational Mobility from Conditional Variance

Md. Nazmul Ahsan, M. Shahe Emran, Hanchen Jiang and Forhad J. Shilpi

10073: The Financial Risk Reduction Provided by Ghana’s National Health Insurance Scheme

Dhushyanth Raju and Stephen D. Younger

10072: Two Sides of Gender: Sex, Power, and Adolescence

Manisha Shah, Jennifer Seager, Joao H. C. Montalvao Machado and Markus P. Goldstein

10071: Spatial Development and Mobility Frictions in Latin America: Theory-Based Empirical Evidence

Bruno Conte and Elena Ianchovichina

10070: The Demand for Digital and Complementary Skills in Southeast Asia

Wendy Cunningham, Harry Edmund Moroz, Noel Muller and Aivin Vicquierra Solatorio

10069: Intensity-Based Rebating of Emission Pricing Revenues

Christoph Böhringer, Carolyn Fischer and Nicholas Rivers

10068: Trade Policy and Exporters’ Resilience: Evidence from Indonesia

Massimiliano Calì, Devaki Ghose, Angella Montfaucon and Michele Ruta

10067: Financing Vaccine Equity: Funding for Day-Zero of the Next Pandemic

Ruchir Agarwal and Tristan Reed

10066: Trade, Transport, and Territorial Development

Kunal Dasgupta and Arti Goswami Grover

10065: Small and Medium Enterprises in Emerging Economies: The Achilles’ Heel of Corporate ESG Responsibility Practices ?

Matteo Ferrazzi and Annamaria Tueske

10064: Green Investment by Firms: Finance or Climate Driven ?

Fotios Kalantzis, Helena Schweiger and Sofia Dominguez

10063: The Human Capital of Firms and the Formal Training of Workers

Asif Islam and Roberta V. Gatti

10062: Management Practices and the Partial Government Ownership of Firms in the Middle East and North Africa Region

Asif Islam and Roberta V. Gatti

10061: Jobs, Access to Credit, and Informality in MENA Countries

Emanuele-000592383 Brancati, Michele Di Maio and Aminur Rahman

10060: Trade and Innovation in MENA

World Bank

10059: Trucking Costs and the Margins of Internal Trade: Evidence from a Trucking Portal in India

Somik V. Lall, Sutirtha Sinha Roy and Forhad J. Shilpi

10058: Is Inequality Systematically Underestimated in Sub-Saharan Africa ? A Proposal to Overcome the Problem

Fabio Clementi, Michele Fabiani, Vasco Molini and Francesco Schettino

10057: Neither by Land nor by Sea: The Rise of Electronic Remittances during COVID-19

Lelys Dinarte Diaz, David Jaume, Eduardo Medina-Cortina and Hernan Winkler

10056: Managing the Fiscal Risks Wrought by PPPs: A Simple Framework and Some Lessons from Chile

Eduardo Engel, Martín Ferrari, Ronald Fischer and Alexander Galetovic

10055: Policy Preferences in Response to Large Migration Inflows

William Allen, Isabel Ruiz and Carlos Ivan Vargas Silva

10054: The Effects of Internally Displaced Peoples on Consumption and Inequality in Mali

World Bank, Jeremy Foltz and Sakina Shibuya

10053: Inequality and Security in the Aftermath of Internal Population Displacement Shocks: Evidence from Nigeria

Lars Ludolph, Barbora Šedová and Marta Talevi

10052: Refugees, Diversity and Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa

Luisito Bertinelli, Rana Cömertpay and Jean-François Maystadt

10051: Measuring What Matters: Principles for a Balanced Data Suite That Prioritizes Problem-Solving and Learning

Kate Bridges and Michael Woolcock

10050: How Binding Is Supervisory Guidance ? Evidence from the European Calendar Provisioning

Franco Fiordelisi, Gabriele Lattanzio and Davide Salvatore Mare

10049: Mobility and Resilience: A Global Assessment of Flood Impacts on Road Transportation Networks

Yiyi He, Jun Erik Maruyama Rentschler, Paolo Avner, Jianxi Gao, Xiangyu Yue and John Radke

10048: Firm-Level Input Distortion in Indian States

Ritam Chaurey, Ruchita Manghnani, Viviana Maria Eugenia Perego and Siddharth Sharma

10047: Two Heads Are Better Than One: Agricultural Production and Investment in Côte d’Ivoire

Aletheia Donald, Markus P. Goldstein and Léa Rouanet

10046: A Method to Scale-Up Inter pretative Qualitative Analysis, with an Application to Aspirations in Cox’s Bazaar, Bangladesh

Julian Ashwin, Vijayendra Rao, Monica Rao Biradavolu, Aditya Chhabra, Arshia Haque, Afsana Iffat Khan and Nandini Krishnan

10045: Prospects for Markets for Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes under the Paris Agreement

Jon Strand

10044: Livelihood Impacts of Refugees on Host Communities: Evidence from Ethiopia

Solomon Zena Walelign, Soazic Elise Wang Sonne and Ganesh Kumar Seshan

10043: How Urban Land Titling and Registry Reform Affect Land and Credit Markets: Evidence from Lesotho

Klaus W. Deininger and Daniel Ayalew Ali

10042: Normative Indicators Combining Poverty and Mortality: A Survey

Benoît Decerf

10041: Incentivizing Social Learning for the Diffusion of Climate-Smart Agricultural Techniques

Guigonan Serge Adjognon, Tung Nguyen Huy, Jonas Christoph Guthoff and Daan van Soest

10040: Data Triangulation Strategies to Design a Representative Household Survey of Hosts and Rohingya Displaced in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Jose Endara, Maria Eugenia Genoni, Afsana Iffat Khan, Walker Turnbull Kosmidou-Bradley, Juan Eduardo Munoz, Nethra Palaniswamy and Tara Vishwanath

10039: The Impact of Lifting Firing Restrictions on Firms: Evidence from a State-Level Labor Law Amendment

Sarur Chaudhary and Siddharth Sharma

10038: The Growth and Performance of Affordable Housing Finance Lenders in India

Nadeem M. Karmali and Guillermo J. Rodriguez Ruiz

10037: Does It Matter Where You Grow Up ? Childhood Exposure Effects in Latin America and the Caribbean

Ercio Muñoz Saavedra

10036: The Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in Latin America and the Caribbean

Ercio Muñoz Saavedra

10035: School Is Closed: Simulating the Long-Term Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic–Related School Disruptions in Kuwait

Simon Bilo, Mohamed Ihsan Ajwad, Ebtesam AlAnsari, Lama AlHumaidan and Faleh M F E Alrashidi

10034: When Is There Enough Data to Create a Global Statistic ?

Daniel Gerszon Mahler, Umar Serajuddin and Hiroko Maeda

10033: An Analysis of COVID-19 Student Learning Loss

Harry Patrinos, Emiliana Vegas and Rohan Carter-Rau

10032: Skills, Human Capital, and Economic Development

Sudhakar Satyanarayan Raju and Shobhana Sosale

10031: Housing Demand and Affordability in India: Implications for Housing Policy

Nadeem M. Karmali and Aline Weng

10030: The Legal Profile of Russian Eurobonds: Engineered against Speed

Juan Pablo Farah Yacoub

10029: Effects of Data Collection Methods on Estimated Household Consumption and Survey Costs: Evidence from an Experiment in the Marshall Islands

Michael K. Sharp, Bertrand Buffière, Kristen Himelein, Nathalie Troubat and John Gibson

10028: Women’s Labor Force Participation in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Study of Social and Psychological Barriers

Sen Iman, Zeina Afif, Varun Gauri and Gohdar Mohamed

10027: Unemployment Benefits, Active Labor Market Policies, and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from New Global Data

Hulya Ulku and Dorina Peteva Georgieva

10026: Cash and In-Kind Transfers in Humanitarian Settings: A Review of Evidence and Knowledge Gaps

Dahyeon Jeong and Iva Trako