Policy Research Working Paper Series

From The World Bank
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2143: Bank-based and market-based financial systems - cross-country comparisons

Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Ross Levine

2142: Adjusting to trade policy reform

Steven Matusz and David Tarr

2141: Capital flows, macroeconomic management, and the financial system - Turkey, 1989-97

Oya Celasun, Cevdet Denizer and Dong He

2140: Gender bias in China, the Republic of Korea, and India 1920-90 - effects of war, famine, and fertility decline

Monica Das Gupta and Li Shuzhuo

2139: Small states, small problems?

William Easterly and Aart Kraay

2138: Multilateral disciplines for investment-related policies

Bernard Hoekman and Kamal Saggi

2137: Globalization and national development at the end ot the 20th century - tensions and challenges

Andres Solimano

2136: An empirical analysis ofcompetition, privatization, and regulation in telecommunications markets in Africa and Latin America

Scott J. Wallsten

2135: Hungary's integration into European Union markets - production and trade restructuring

Bartlomiej Kaminski

2134: Interlinkage, limited liability, and strategic interaction

Kaushik Basu, Clive Bell and Pinaki Bose

2133: Resolution of corporate distress - evidence from East Asia's financial crisis

Stijn Claessens, Simeon Djankov and Leora Klapper

2132: A regime - switching approach to studying speculative attacks: focus on European Monetary System crises

Maria Soledad Martinez Peria

2131: Efficiency wage and union effects in labor demand and wage structure in Mexico - An application of quantile analysis

William Maloney and Eduardo Ribeiro

2130: Deep integration, nondiscrimination, and Euro-Mediterranean free trade

Bernard Hoekman and Denise Konan

2129: Agricultural extension - generic challenges and the ingredients for solutions

Gershon Feder, Anthony Willett and Willem Zijp

2128: Learning outcomes and school cost-effectiveness in Mexico: the PARE program

Gladys Lopez Acevedo

2127: Lifeboat ethics versus corporate ethics - social and demographic implications of stem and joint families

Monica Das Gupta

2126: Liberte, egalite, fraternite: exploring the role of governance in fertility decline

Monica Das Gupta

2125: Developing country agriculture and the new trade agenda

Bernard Hoekman and Kym Anderson

2124: Social exclusion and land administration in Orissa, India

Robin Mearns and Saurabh Sinha

2123: Access to land in rural India - policy issues and options

Robin Mearns

2122: Decentralization and fiscal management in Colombia

William Dillinger and Steven B. Webb

2121: Fiscal management in federal democracies: Argentina and Brazil

William R. Dillinger and Steven Benjamin Webb

2120: Can Africa export manufactures? The role of endowment, exchange rates, and transaction costs

Ibrahim A. Elbadawi

2119: Tax deductions, environmental policy, and the"double dividend"hypothesis

Ian Parry and Antonio Bento

2118: Developing countries and the next round of multilateral trade negotiations

Anne O. Krueger

2117: On the size and number of regional integration arrangements - a political economy model

Soamiely Andriamananjara

2116: Does child labor displace schooling? - evidence on behavioral responses to an enrollment subsidy

Martin Ravallion and Quentin Wodon

2115: Foreign investment and productivity growth in Czech enterprises

Simeon Djankov and Bernard Hoekman

2114: Economic reforms and total factor productivity growth in Latin America and the Caribbean (1950-95) - an empirical note

Pablo Fajnzylber and Daniel Lederman

2113: Wage determination and gender discrimination in a transition economy: the case of Romania

Stefano Paternostro and David Sahn

2112: Industrial policy after the East Asian crisis - from"outward orientation"to new internal capabilities?

Ashoka Mody

2111: Agricultural land reform in postwar Japan: experiences and issues

Toshihiko Kawagoe

2110: Life during growth: international evidence on quality of life and per capita income

William Easterly

2109: When is fiscal adjustment an illusion?

William Easterly

2108: Public goods and ethnic divisions

Alberto Alesina, Reza Baqir and William Easterly

2107: Approaches to liberalizing services

Sherry M. Stephenson

2106: Subjective economic welfare

Martin Ravallion and Michael Lokshin

2105: Wage rates and job queues - does the public sector overpay in Ethiopia?

Taye Mengistae

2104: The relative effects of skill formation and job matching on wage growth in Ethiopia

Taye Mengistae

2103: Was the credit channel a key monetary transmission mechanism following the recent financial crisis in the Republic of Korea?

Hyun E. Kim

2102: Self-employment and labor turnover - cross-country evidence

William Maloney

2101: Are wages and productivity in Zimbabwe affected by human capital investment and international trade?

Dorte Verner

2100: Decentralization in regional fiscal systems in Russia - trends and links to economic performance

Lev Freinkman and Plamen Yossifov

2099: Mutual funds and institutional investments - what is the most efficient way to set up individual accounts in a social security system?

Estelle James, Gary Ferrier, James Smalhout and Dimitri Vittas

2098: Reconsidering the evidence on returns to T&V extension in Kenya

Madhur Gautam and Jack R. Anderson

2097: The theory of access pricing: an overview for infrastructure regulators

Tommaso Valletti and Antonio Estache

2096: Reforming the urban transport sector in the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan region - a case study in concessions

Jorge M. Rebelo

2095: Ten years of post-socialist transition lessons for policy reform

Grzegorz W. Koldko

2094: What triggers market jitters? A chronicle of the Asian crisis

Graciela Kaminsky and Sergio Schmukler

2093: Free entry in infrastructure

David Ehrhardt and Rebecca Burdon

2092: What does aid to Africa finance?

Shantayanan Devarajan, Andrew Sunil Rajkumar and Vinaya Swaroop

2091: Beyond unequal development: an overview

Andres Solimano

2090: Risks, lessons learned, and secondary markets for greenhouse gas reductions

Donald Larson and Paul Parks

2089: Corporate diversification in East Asia: the role of ultimate ownership and group affiliation

Stijn Claessens, Simeon Djankov, Joseph P. H. Fan and Larry Lang

2088: Expropriation of minority shareholders: evidence from East Asia

Stijn Claessens, Simeon Djankov, Joseph P. H. Fan and Larry Lang

2087: Male-female differences in labor market outcomes during the early transition to market: the case of Estonia and Slovenia

Peter Orazem and Milan Vodopivec

2086: Deregulating technology transfer in agriculture: reform's impact on turkey in the 1980s

David Gisselquist and Carl Pray

2085: Monitoring banking sector fragility: a multivariate logit approach with an application to the 1996-97 banking crises

Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Enrica Detragiache

2084: Future inequality in Carbon Dioxide emissions and the projected impact of abatement proposals

Mark T. Heil and Quentin Wodon

2083: INFRISK: a computer simulation approach to risk management in infrastructure project finance transactions

Mansoor Dailami, Ilya Lipkovich and John Van Dyck

2082: Gross worker and job flows in a transition economy: an analysis of Estonia

John Haltiwanger and Milan Vodopivec

2081: Reforming Cote d'Ivoire's cocoa marketing and pricing system

John McIntire and Panos Varangis

2080: Monitoring targeting performance when decentralized allocation to the poor are unobserved

Martin Ravallion

2079: Is more targeting consistent with less spending?

Martin Ravallion

2078: Valuing mortality reductions in India: a study of compensating wage differentials

Nathalie Simon, Maureen Cropper, Anna Alberini and Seema Arora

2077: Change in the perception of the poverty line during times of depression: Russia 1993-96

Branko Milanovic and Branko Jovanovic

2076: Microdeterminants of consumption, poverty, growth, and inequality in Bangladesh

Quentin Wodon

2075: Between group inequality and targeted transfers

Quentin Wodon

2074: Light and lightning at the end of the public tunnel: reform of the electricity sector in the Southern Cone

Antonio Estache and Martin Rodriguez-Pardina

2073: Politics, transaction costs, and the design of regulatory institutions

Antonio Estache and David Martimort

2072: Growth, poverty, and inequality: a regional panel for Bangladesh

Quentin Wodon

2071: The World Bank's Unified Survey projections: how accurate are they? an ex-post evaluation of US91-US97

Jos Verbeek

2070: The search for the key: aid, investment, and policies in Africa

David Dollar and William Easterly

2069: Logit analysis in a rotating panel context and an application to self-employment decisions

Patricio Aroca and William Maloney

2068: Quitting and labor turnover: microeconomic evidence and macroeconomic consequences

Tom Krebs and William Maloney

2067: Multinational firms and technology transfer

Amy Glass and Kamal Saggi

2066: Flight capital as a portfolio choice

Paul Collier, Anke Hoeffler and Catherine Pattillo

2065: Exporting, externalities, and technology transfer

Howard Pack and Kamal Saggi

2064: Regulating privatized rail transport

Javier Campos and Pedro Cantos-Sánchez

2063: The practice of access pricing: telecommunications in the United Kingdom

Tommaso Valletti

2062: Does financial reform increase or reduce savings ?

Oriana Bandiera, Gerard Caprio, Patrick Honohan and Fabio Schiantarelli

2061: A framework for regulating microfinance institutions

Hennie van Greuning, Joselito Gallardo and Bikki Randhawa

2060: The macroeconomics of delayed exchange-rate unification: theory and evidence from Tanzania

Daniel Kaufmann and Stephen O'Connell

2059: Financial intermediation and growth: Causality and causes

Ross Levine, Norman Loayza and Thorsten Beck

2058: Do depositors punish banks for"bad"behavior?: market discipline in Argentina, Chile, and Mexico

Maria Martinez Peria and Sergio Schmukler

2057: Finance and the sources of growth

Thorsten Beck, Ross Levine and Norman Loayza

2056: Does a thin foreign exchange market lead to destabilizing capital-market speculation in the Asian Crisis countries?

Hong-Ghi Min and Judith A. McDonald

2055: Social security reform, income disribution, fiscal policy, and capital accumulation

Carlos Serrano

2054: Who controls East Asian corporations ?

Stijn Claessens, Simeon Djankov and Larry Lang

2053: Managing foreign labor in Singapore and Malaysia: are there lessons for GCC countries?

Elizabeth Ruppert

2052: The macro wage curve and labor market flexibility in Zimbabwe

Dorte Verner

2051: How stronger protection of intellectual property rights affects international trade flows

Carsten Fink and Carlos A. Primo Braga

2050: Measuring aid flows: a new approach

Charles C. Chang, Eduardo Fernandez-Arias and Luis Servén

2049: Household labor supply, unemployment, and minimum wage legislation

Kaushik Basu, Garance Genicot and Joseph Stiglitz

2048: Corruption in economic development - beneficial grease, minor annoyance, or major obstacle?

Shang-Jin Wei

2047: Ownership structure and enterprise restructuring in six newly independent states

Simeon Djankov

2046: Restructuring of insider-dominated firms

Simeon Djankov

2045: Water challenge and institutional response (a cross-country perspective)

R. Maria Saleth and Ariel Dinar

2044: Trade, migration, and welfare: the impact of social capital

Maurice Schiff