Policy Research Working Paper Series

From The World Bank
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2350: Multilateral trade liberalization and political disintegration - implications for the evolution of free trade areas and customs unions

Maurice Schiff

2349: Trade, foreign direct investment, and international technology transfer: a survey

Kamal Saggi

2348: Taxing issues with privatization: a checklist

Jack Mintz, Duanjie Chen and Evangelia Zorotheos

2347: Terror as a bargaining instrument: a case study of dowry violence in rural India

Francis Bloch and Vijayendra Rao

2346: the middle class consensus and economic development

William Easterly

2345: Information and modeling issues in designing water and sanitation subsidy schemes

Andres Gomez-Lobo, Vivien Foster and Jonathan Halpern

2344: Designing direct subsidies for water and sanitation services - Panama: a case study

Vivien Foster, Andres Gomez-Lobo and Jonat Halpern

2343: Ownership and performance of Lithuanian enterprises

David Grigorian

2342: What can we learn about country performance from conditional comparisons across countries?

Martin Ravallion

2341: The tyranny of concepts - CUDIE (Cumulated, Depreciated Investment Effort) is NOT capital

Lant Pritchett

2340: Currency substitution in Latin America - lessons from the 1990s

Pedro Gomis-Porqueras, Carlos Serrano and Alejandro Somuano

2339: Building subnational debt markets in developing and transition economies: a framework for analysis, policy reform, and assistance strategy

Michel Noel

2338: The geography of international investment

Howard Shatz and Anthony Venables

2337: Pollution charges, community pressure, and abatement cost of industrial pollution in China

Hua Wang

2336: Endogenous enforcement and effectiveness of China's pollution levy system

Hua Wang and David Wheeler

2335: Inflation and the poor

William Easterly and Stanley Fischer

2334: Sex workers and the cost of safe sex - the compensating differential for condom use in Calcutta

Vijayendra Rao, Indrani Gupta and Smarajit Jana

2333: Output fluctuations in Latin America - what explains the recent slowdown?

Santiago Herrera, Guillermo Perry and Neile Quintero

2332: Financial intermediary distress in the Republic of Korea - Small is beautiful?

Paola Bongini, Giovanni Ferri and Tae Soo Kang

2331: Competition, Corporate Governance, and regulation in Central Asia - Uzbekistan's structural reform challenges

Harry G. Boradman

2330: Reducing structural dominance and entry barriers in Russian industry

Harry G. Broadman

2329: Improving Russia's policy on foreign direct investment

Joel Bergsman, Harry G. Broadman and Vladimir Drebentsov

2328: Social transfers and social assistance - an empirical analysis using Latvian household survey data

Branko Milanovic

2327: How the Republic of Korea's financial structure affects the volatility of four asset prices

Hong-Ghi Min and Jong-Goo Par

2326: How urban concentration affects economic growth

J. Vernon Henderson

2325: Banking systems around the globe: do regulation and ownership affect the performance and stability?

James Barth, Gerard Caprio and Ross Levine

2324: Give growth and macroeconomic stability in Russia a chance - harden budgets by eliminating nonpayments

Brian Pinto, Vladimir Drebentsov and Alexander Morozov

2323: Globalization and firms'financing choices - evidence from emerging economies

Sergio Schmukler and Esteban Versperoni

2322: Self-targeted subsidies - the distributional impact of the Egyptian food subsidy system

Richard Adams

2321: Algorithms for purchasing AIDS vaccines

David Bishai, Maria K. Lin and C.W.B. Kiyonga

2320: Does more intense competition lead to higher growth?

Mark A. Dutz and Aydin Hayri

2319: Externalities and production efficiency

Gunnar Eskeland

2318: Regulatory reform, competition, and innovation - a case study of the Mexican road freight industry

Mark A. Dutz, Aydin Hayri and Pablo Ibarra

2317: Trade negotiations in the presence of network externalities

Keiko Kubota

2316: Distributional outcomes of a decentralized welfare program

Emanuela Galasso and Martin Ravallion

2315: Investment in natural gas pipelines in the Southern Cone of Latin America

Alejandro Jadresic

2314: Technological leadership and foreign investors'choice of entry mode

Beata K. Smarzynska

2313: How interest rates changed under financial liberalization - a cross-country review

Patrick Honohan

2312: Measuring governance, corruption, and State capture - how firms and bureaucrats shape the business environment in transition economies

Joel S. Hellman, Geraint Jones, Daniel Kaufmann and Mark Schankerman

2311: The Buenos Aires water concession

Lorena Alcázar, Manuel Abdala and Mary M. Shirley

2310: How politics and institutions affect pension reform in three post-communist countries

Mitchell A. Orenstein

2309: What drives private saving around the world?

Norman Loayza, Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel and Luis Servén

2308: How small should an economy's fiscal deficit be? - a monetary programming approach

Paul E. Beckerman

2307: Surveying surveys and questioning questions - learning from World Bank experience

Francesca Recanatini, Scott J. Wallsten and Lixin Xu

2306: International contagion - implications for policy

Roberto Chang and Giovanni Majnoni

2305: The impact of banking crises on money demand and price stability

Maria Martinez Peria

2304: Disinflation and the supply side

Pierre-Richard Agénor and Lodovico Pizzati

2303: Malaria and growth

F. Desmond McCarthy, Holger Wolf and Yi Wu

2302: Why liberalization alone has not improved agricultural productivity in Zambia: the role of asset ownership and working capital constraints

Klaus Deininger and Pedro Olinto

2301: Identifying welfare effects from subjective questions

Martin Ravallion and Michael Lokshin

2300: Single mothers in Russia - household strategies for coping with poverty

Michael Lokshin, Kathleen Mullan Harris and Barry Popkin

2299: Household savings in transition economies

Cevdet Denizer, Holger C. Wolf and Yvonne Ying

2298: Fiscal deficits, monetary reform, and inflation stabilization in Romania

Nina Budina and Sweder van Wijnbergen

2297: Sources of ethnic inequality in Vietnam

Dileni Gunewardena and Dominique van de Walle

2296: An ecological and historical perspective on agricultural development in Southeast Asia

Yujiro Hayami

2295: Resolving bank failures in Argentina - recent developments and issues

Augusto de la Torre

2294: Reforming the urban water system in Santiago, Chile

Mary M. Shirley, Lixin Xu and Ana Maria Zuluaga

2293: Should capital flows be regulated? - a look at the issues and policies

Roumeen Islam

2292: Dividing the spoils - pensions, privatization, and reform in Russia's transition

Ethan B. Kapstein and Branko Milanovic

2291: Incentives for pollution control - regulation and public disclosure

Jerome Foulon, Paul Lanoie and Benoit Laplante

2290: Decentralization and corruption - evidence across countries

Raymond Fisman and Roberta Gatti

2289: Exchange rate overvaluation and trade protection - lessons from experience

Howard Shatz and David Tarr

2288: Ten years of transformation - macroeconomic lessons

Charles Wyplosz

2287: The vicious circles of control - regional governments and insiders in privatized Russian enterprises

Raj Desai and Itzhak Goldberg

2286: Transparency, liberalization, and banking crisis

Gil Mehrez and Daniel Kaufmann

2285: Industrial environmental performance in China - the impact of inspections

Susmita Dasgupta, Benoit Laplante, Nlandu Namingi and Hua Wang

2284: The use of asset management companies in the resolution of banking crises - cross-country experience

Daniela Klingebiel

2283: New tools and new tests in comparative political economy - the database of political institutions

Thorsten Beck, George Clarke, Alberto Groff, Philip Keefer and Patrick Walsh

2282: Managing fiscal risk in Bulgaria

Hana Brixi, Sergei Shatalov and Leila Zlaoui

2281: External sustainability: a stock equilibrium perspective

Cesar Calderon, Norman Loayza and Luis Servén

2280: Willingness to pay for air quality improvements in Sofia, Bulgaria

Dale Whittington and Hua Wang

2279: Broad roads in a thin country - infrastructure concessions in Chile

Sergio Hinojosa and Andres Gomez-Lobo

2278: Liquidity constraints and investment in transition economies - the case of Bulgaria

Nina Budina, Harry Garretsen and Elke de Jong

2277: Determinants of Bulgarian Brady bond prices - an empirical assessment

Nina Budina and Tzvetan Mantchev

2276: Evaluating the case for export subsidies

Arvind Panagariya

2275: Who gained from Vietnam's boom in the 1990s? An analysis of poverty and inequality trends

Paul Glewwe, Michele Gragnolatti and Hassan Zaman

2274: How access to urban potable water and sewerage connections affects child mortality

Anqing Shi

2273: The value of preventing malaria in Tembien, Ethiopia

Maureen Cropper, Mitiku Haile, Julian A. Lampieti, Christine Poulos and Dale Whittington

2272: Ownership versus environment: disentangling the sources of public sector inefficiency

Ann P. Bartel and Ann Harrison

2271: Corporate risk around the world

Stijn Claessens, Simeon Djankov and Tatiana Nenova

2270: The optimal income tax when poverty is a public"bad"

Waly Wane

2269: Context is everything: measuring institutional change in transition economies

Nauro Campos

2268: The structure of social disparities in education: gender and wealth

Deon Filmer

2267: Do high interest rates defend currencies during speculative attacks ?

Aart Kraay

2266: The impact of adult deaths on children's health in Northwestern Tanzania

Martha Ainsworth and Innocent Semali

2265: The political economy of distress in East Asian financial institutions

Paola Bongini, Stijn Claessens and Giovanni Ferri

2264: Do more unequal countries redistribute more? does the median voter hypothesis hold?

Branko Milanovic

2263: When is growth pro-poor? Evidence from the diverse experiences of India's states

Martin Ravallion and Gaurav Datt

2262: How inadequate provision of public infrastructure and services affects private investment

Ritva Reinikka and Jakob Svensson

2261: Is knowledge shared within households?

Kaushik Basu, Ambar Narayan and Martin Ravallion

2260: Regional integration agreements - a force for convergence or divergence?

Anthony Venables

2259: Predicting currency fluctuations and crises - do resident firms have an informational advantage?

Daniel Kaufmann, Gil Mehrez and Sergio Schmukler

2258: Market access bargaining in the Uruguay Round - Rigid or relaxed reciprocity?

Joseph Finger, Ulrich Reincke and Adriana Castro

2257: Infrastructure, geographical disadvantage, and transport costs

Nuno Limão and Anthony Venables

2256: Geographical disadvantage - a Heckscher-Ohlin-von Thunen model of international specialization

Anthony Venables and Nuno Limão

2255: Risk and efficiency in East Asian banks

Luc Laeven

2254: Does"grease money"speed up the wheels of commerce?

Daniel Kaufman and Shang-Jin Wei

2253: Revenue recycling and the welfare effects of road pricing

Ian Parry and Antonio Bento

2252: Productivity growth, capital accumulation, and the banking sector - some lessons from Malaysia

Ejaz Ghani and Vivek Suri

2251: Will the Euro create a bonanza for Africa?

Daniel Cohen, Nicolai Kristensen and Dorte Verner