Policy Research Working Paper Series
From The World Bank 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20433. Contact information at EDIRC. Bibliographic data for series maintained by Roula I. Yazigi (). Access Statistics for this working paper series.
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- 11066: Dynamic Effects of Fiscal Rules: Do Initial Conditions Matter ?

- Antonio Fatas, Bram Gootjes and Joseph Mawejje
- 11065: Deciding Not to Decide: When Is There Power in Not Deciding ?

- Marya Hillesland, Cheryl R. Doss, Serena Masino, Martina Querejeta, Aletheia Donald, Greg Seymour and Clare Clingain
- 11064: Decarbonization in MENA Countries: An Empirical Analysis of Policy Impacts

- Zeljko Bogetic and Hamid Mohtadi
- 11063: Does Free Sound Too Cheap ? The Adverse Effect of a Randomized Text Message Campaign on Program Take-up

- Jeannie Annan, Mousson Estelle Jamel Koussoube, Josephine Tassy, Léa Rouanet, Clara Delavallade and David Evans
- 11062: Lying to the Taxman or Accepting a Helping Hand ? Evidence from a Novel Experiment on SMEs in Tanzania

- Revocatus Washington Paul, Ephraim Mdee, Massaga Fimbo, Jonathan George Karver, Zain Chaudhry and Christopher Alexander Hoy
- 11061: The Elusive Impact of Corporate Tax Incentives

- Massimiliano Calì, Giorgio Presidente and Thiago De Gouvea Scot de Arruda
- 11060: Exploring the Gender Divide in Real Estate Ownership and Property Tax Compliance

- Tatiana Flores, Guillermo Cruces, Jose Carlo Bermúdez, Thiago De Gouvea Scot de Arruda, Juan Luis Schiavoni and Dario Tortarolo
- 11059: Design of Partial Population Experiments with an Application to Spillovers in Tax Compliance

- Guillermo Cruces, Dario Tortarolo and Gonzalo Vazquez-Bare
- 11058: Dynamic, High-Resolution Wealth Measurement in Data-Scarce Environments

- Zhuo Zheng, Timothy Wu, Richard Lee, David Newhouse, Talip Kilic, Marshall Burke, Stefano Ermon and David B. Lobell
- 11057: The Exposure of Workers to Artificial Intelligence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

- Gabriel Demombynes, Jorg Gero Langbein and Michael Weber
- 11056: Does Social Mobility Affect Economic Development ? Cross-Country Analysis Using Different Mobility Measures

- Ivan Torre, Michael Lokshin and James Foster
- 11055: Displaced Learners: Early Integration of Ukrainian Refugee Students into Italy’s Schools

- Michela Carlana, Pauline Castaing, Mauro Testaverde and Marco Tiberti
- 11054: Boosting Data Transparency: A Shared Incentive for Borrowers and Investors

- Megumi Kubota
- 11053: Decentralized Markets for Electricity in Low-Income Countries

- Megan Elizabeth Lang
- 11052: How Do Migrants Fare in Africa’s Urban Labor Markets ?

- Luc Christiaensen and Michael Keenan
- 11051: Technology Sophistication across Establishments

- Diego A. Comin, Xavier Cirera and Marcio Cruz
- 11050: Fixing Nitrogen: Agricultural Productivity, Environmental Fragility, and the Role of Subsidies

- Esha Dilip Zaveri
- 11049: Forced Displacement, the Perpetuation of Autocratic Leadership, and Development in Origin Countries

- Nicolás Cabra-Ruiz, Sandra Rozo and María Micaela Sviatschi
- 11048: Fishing and Climate Change in Coastal Bangladesh: The Economic and Health Impacts of Increasing Salinity

- Brian Blankespoor, Susmita Dasgupta, Mainul Huq, Zahirul Huque Khan, Md. Golam Mustafa and David Wheeler
- 11047: Growing Vulnerability: What Happened to Europe’s Middle Class in the Course of a Decade ?

- Maurizio Bussolo, Jonathan George Karver, Michael Lokshin, Luis-Felipe Lopez-Calva and Ivan Torre
- 11046: Gender Bias, Citizen Participation, and AI

- Jose Antonio Cuesta Leiva and Natalia Pecorari
- 11045: Implementing 30x30: Lessons from Country Case Studies

- Susmita Dasgupta, Brian Blankespoor and David Wheeler
- 11044: Determinants of Bank Interest Spreads in Tajikistan

- Pietro Calice
- 11043: Caseloads and Competence in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Fundamental Reassessment of the Human Resources Crisis in Primary Health Care

- Benjamin Daniels, Jishnu Das, Roberta V. Gatti and Andres Yi Chang
- 11042: Housing Subsidies for Refugees: Experimental Evidence on Life Outcomes and Social Integration in Jordan

- Abdulrazzak Tamim, Emma Smith, I. Bailey Palmer, Edward Miguel, Samuel Leone, Sandra Rozo and Sarah Stillman
- 11041: The Gendered Impact of Social Norms on Financial Access and Capital Misallocation

- Arti Grover and Mariana Viollaz
- 11040: The Unintended Impacts of an Intimate Partner Violence Prevention Program: Experimental Evidence from Rwanda

- Claire Cullen, Arthur Alik Lagrange, Muthoni Ngatia and Julia Vaillant
- 11039: Exploring Geospatial-Based Approaches to Develop a Pre-Census National Sampling Frame in Armenia

- Saida Ismailakhunova, Avralt-Od Purevjav, Tsenguunjav Byambasuren and Sarchil Qader
- 11038: Working for Yourself or for Your Kids ? Childcare Expansion Policy in Uzbekistan

- Dilnovoz Abdurazzakova, Chiyu Niu and Avralt-Od Purevjav
- 11037: Fiscal Policy Procyclicality and Volatility in Commodity-Exporting Emerging and Developing Economies: Determinants and Implications for Growth

- Francisco Arroyo Marioli and Garima Vasishtha
- 11036: The Emergence and Diffusion of Green Technologies: Firm-level Evidence from Textual Analysis of Patents and Earnings Calls

- Paulo Bastos and Lucio Castro
- 11035: Clean Tech Manufacturing Opportunities in Central and Eastern Europe: Export and Investment Implications

- Samuel Rosenow, Sarur Chaudhary Lnu, Gregor Semieniuk and Emilija Timmis
- 11034: Predicting Income Distributions from Almost Nothing

- Daniel Gerszon Mahler, Marta Schoch, Christoph Lakner and Minh Nguyen Nguyet Do
- 11033: The Pecuniary and Non-Pecuniary Returns to Micro-Entrepreneurship: Evidence from a Cross-Section of Women in Mexico

- Benjamin Williams, Jesica Torres Coronado and David C. Francis
- 11032: Estimating the Number of Firms in Africa

- Marcio Cruz, Florian Moelders, Edgar Salgado Chavez and Ariane Tamara Volk
- 11031: Poverty Dynamics in Bhutan, 2017–2022: Evidence from Synthetic Panels

- Nicola Amendola, Federico Belotti, Alvin Etang Ndip, Giulia Mancini and Giovanni Vecchi
- 11030: Global expansion of marine protected areas and the redistribution of fishing effort

- Gavin McDonald, Jennifer Bone, Christopher Costello, Gabriel Englander and Jennifer Raynor
- 11029: Did Program Support for the Poorest Areas Work ? Evidence from Rural Viet Nam

- Hai-Anh Dang, Klaus W. Deininger and Cuong Nguyen
- 11028: The Changing Landscape of Africa’s Growth

- Cesar Calderon, Andrew L. Dabalen and Ayan Qu
- 11027: Unveiling Multidimensional Poverty: Insights from the EU

- Monica Robayo-Abril and Lucia Echeverria
- 11026: Improving the Quality of Survey Estimates from Longitudinal Studies: An Application to LSMS Panel Surveys

- Piero Falorsi, Paolo Righi and Giulia Ponzini
- 11025: Mapping Returns of Private Equity Investments in Emerging Markets

- Florian Moelders and Edgar Salgado Chavez
- 11024: Trade Barriers or Catalysts ? Non-Tariff Measures and Firm-Level Trade Margins

- Dela-Dem Doe Fiankor, Woubet Kassa and Abraham Lartey
- 11023: Does Competition from Informal Firms Encourage the Formal Firms to Obtain Quality Certificates ?

- Mohammad Amin and Caroline Nogueira
- 11022: Informality and the Life Cycle of Plants

- Furkan Sarikaya, M Nazim Tamkoc and Jesica Torres Coronado
- 11021: Financial Inclusion and Economic Development: A Review of the Data and Evidence

- Saniya Ansar, Leora Klapper and Dorothe Singer
- 11020: Impact of Temperature Uncertainty on Firm Growth: A Grid-Level Analysis

- Jangho Yang and Christian Schoder
- 11019: Agricultural Windfalls and Electrification

- Andrew L. Dabalen, Justice Tei Mensah, Aimable Nsabimana and Alexandre Nshunguyinka
- 11018: Crops, Conflict and Climate Change

- Erhan Artuc, Guido Porto and Bob Rijkers
- 11017: Migrants as Social Protection ? Simulations of a Market for Work Permits

- Quy-Toan Do, Michael Lokshin and Martin Ravallion
- 11016: Conserving Wildlife through Demand Reduction and Supply Alternatives: Two Experiments in Restaurants in Kinshasa

- Abdoulaye Cisse, Gabriel Englander and Daniel J. Ingram
- 11015: The Mismeasure of Weather: Using Remotely Sensed Earth Observation Data in Economic Contexts

- Anna Josephson, Jeffrey Michler, Talip Kilic and Siobhan Murray
- 11014: Coping or Hoping ? Livelihood Diversification and Food Insecurity in the COVID-19 Pandemic

- Ann M. Furbush, Anna Josephson, Talip Kilic and Jeffrey Michler
- 11013: Land Price Effects of Informality, Farm Size, and Land Reform: Evidence from More Than One Million Transactions in Ukraine

- Klaus W. Deininger and Daniel Ayalew Ali
- 11012: Pakistan Poverty Map 2019–2020

- Ramiro Alberto Malaga Ortega, Moritz Meyer and Paul Andres Corral Rodas
- 11011: Losing to Inflation: Unmasking the Unequal Price Effect of Inflation across Households

- Muhammad Nasir, Shabana Kishwar, Moritz Meyer and Oscar Eduardo Barriga Cabanillas
- 11010: Poverty Projections for Pakistan: Nowcasting and Forecasting

- Oscar Eduardo Barriga Cabanillas, Shabana Kishwar, Moritz Meyer, Muhammad Nasir and Maria Qazi
- 11009: Geopolitics and the World Trading System

- Aaditya Mattoo, Michele Ruta and Robert W. Staiger
- 11008: Expanding Financial Inclusion through Digital Financial Services: A Literature Review

- Leora Klapper
- 11007: Measuring the Risk of Corruption and Its Price Impact in North Macedonia 2011–2022

- Mihaly Fazekas, Aly Abdou, Klea Ibrahimi, Bence Tóth and Zdravko Veljanov
- 11006: Is the U.S. Friend-Shoring, Nearshoring, or Reshoring ? Evidence from Greenfield Investment Announcements

- Alen Mulabdic and Gaurav Nayyar
- 11005: Decarbonization in MENA: Energy Transition, Trade, and Labor Markets

- Raymond Robertson and Gladys Lopez-Acevedo
- 11004: Extreme Weather Shocks and Firms in the Middle East and North Africa

- Esha Dilip Zaveri, Roberta V. Gatti and Asif Islam
- 11003: Tax Evasion and the Contribution-Benefit Link: The Case of Maternity Benefits

- Anikó Bíró, Péter Elek, Daniel Prinz and László Sándor
- 11002: Vulnerability to Climate Risk–Induced Poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean

- Alejandro De la Fuente and Monserrat Serio
- 11001: Trade Policy, Green Goods and the Labor Market: Evidence from the Philippines

- Souleymane Coulibaly, Angella Montfaucon, Natnael Simachew Nigatu and Regina Stephanie Seri Epse Atsebi
- 11000: Do Bilateral Labor Agreements Increase Migration ? Global Evidence from 1960 to 2020

- Samik Adhikari, Narcisse Changom, Heidi Kristiina Kaila and Maheshwor Shrestha
- 10999: Climate Shocks and Their Effects on Food Security, Prices, and Agricultural Wages in Afghanistan

- Tosin Kolajo Gbadegesin, Bo Pieter Johannes Andree and Ademola Braimoh
- 10998: Reforming Land Valuation and Taxation in Ukraine: A Path towards greater Sustainability Fairness, and Transparency

- Klaus W. Deininger, Daniel Ayalew Ali, Eduard Bukin and Andrii Martyn
- 10997: Firm Size and Public Investment Multipliers: Micro Evidence from Peru

- James Sampi, Guillermo Javier Vuletin and J.T. Araujo
- 10996: VAT Refunds and Firms’ Performance: Evidence from a Withholding Reform in Honduras

- David Pineda Pinto, Jose Carlo Bermúdez and Thiago De Gouvea Scot de Arruda
- 10995: Impacts of Disasters in Conflict Settings: Evidence from Mozambique and Nigeria

- Karima Ben Bih, Chloe Genevieve Helene Desjonqueres, Bramka Arga Jafino, Elodie Blanc and Solene Masson
- 10994: Local Knowledge, Formal Evidence, and Policy Decisions

- Eva Vivalt, Aidan Coville and Sampada Kc
- 10993: Local Economic Shocks and Human Capital Accumulation: Evidence from Rwandan Coffee Mills

- Andrew L. Dabalen, Justice Tei Mensah and Aimable Nsabimana
- 10992: Testing the Promise of Digital Scaling: In-Person versus App-Based Training for Women Entrepreneurs

- Rachel Cassidy, Menaal Fatima Ebrahim and Diego Ubfal
- 10991: The Only Way Is Up ? Economic Mobility in Malaysia in the 21st Century

- Gerton Rongen and Peter Lanjouw
- 10990: Yield Growth Patterns of Food Commodities: Insights and Challenges

- John Baffes and Xiaoli Etienne
- 10989: GDP-Employment Elasticities across Developing Economies

- Constantin Burgi, Shoghik Hovhannisyan and Camilo Mondragon Velez
- 10988: Global Ripple Effects: Knock-on Effects of EU, US, and China Climate Policies on Developing Countries’ Trade

- Enrique Aldaz-Carroll, Euijin Jung, Maryla Maliszewska and Iryna Sikora
- 10987: Green Is Less Greedy: Competition, Corruption, and Productivity in Green Public Procurement in Bulgaria

- Viktoriia Poltoratskaia, Maria Fernanda Quintero, Mihaly Fazekas and Marc Tobias Schiffbauer
- 10986: Global Evolution of Power Market Designs

- Elcin Akcura and Emelly Mutambatsere
- 10985: Firm Linkages and Domestic Value Added in Exports: Moving up the Global Value Chains with High-Speed Railways

- Hiau Looi Kee, Enze Xie and Mingzhi (Jimmy) Xu
- 10984: From Fiscal Cyclicality to Fiscal Stress: The Role of Asymmetric Public Consumption Rigidities in Emerging Markets

- Daniel Riera-Crichton, Pilar Ruiz Orrico and Guillermo Javier Vuletin
- 10983: The Potential Cascading Impacts of Climate Change in Cambodia

- Hector Pollitt and Migle Petrauskaite
- 10982: Fiscal Policy’s Role in Economic Resilience to Climate Shocks

- Armon Rezai, Franz Ulrich Ruch, Rishabh Choudhary and John Nana Darko Francois
- 10981: Behaviorally Informed Messages Increase COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions: Insights from a Global Meta-Analysis

- Daniel Alejandro Pinzon Hernandez, Jungkyu Rhys Lim, Michelle Dugas, Ellen Elizabeth Moscoe, Mohamad Chatila, Corey Cameron, Renos Vakis, Zeina Afif and Victor Hugo Orozco Olvera
- 10980: Building Women's Skills for Economic Inclusion and Resilience

- Megan Elizabeth Lang and Julia Seither
- 10979: Reconciling Multi-Level Rights-Based Commitments in Development: Assessing the Legal and Administrative Imperatives of Responding to Education, Health Care, and Environment Protection Challenges

- Bernice Nuerkey Narh and Michael Woolcock
- 10978: Poverty Lines and Spatial Differences in the Cost of Living

- Nicola Amendola, Federico Belotti, María Edo, Marco Ranzani and Giovanni Vecchi
- 10977: High Tariffs, High Stakes: The Policy Drivers behind Firm-Level Adoption of Green Technologies

- Samuel Rosenow, Alvaro Raul Espitia Rueda and Ana Margarida Fernandes
- 10976: A Longitudinal Cross-Country Dataset on Agricultural Productivity and Welfare in Sub-Saharan Africa

- Thomas Patrick Bentze and Philip Randolph Wollburg
- 10975: Maternal Mental Health and Its Influence on Children’s Early Development: Evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

- Mahreen Tahir Chowdhry, Elizabeth Lauren Hentschel, Heather B. Tomlinson, Amna Ansari, Amer Hasan, Aisha Yousafzai and Naveed Hussain
- 10974: Resolving Puzzles of Monetary Policy Transmission in Emerging Markets

- Ayhan Kose, Jongrim Ha, Dohan Kim and Eswar Prasad
- 10973: Is There a Gendered Parenthood Penalty in Indonesian Labor Markets?

- Johanna Fajardo-Gonzalez, Ardina Hasanbasri and Fernando Rios-Avila
- 10972: Are There Jobs for Everyone ? An Analysis of the Relationship between the Employment of Older and Younger Persons in Indonesia

- Amanina Binti Abdur Rahman
- 10971: The Timing versus Allocation Trade-off in Politically Constrained Climate Policies

- Adam Michael Bauer, Stephane Hallegatte and Florent McIsaac
- 10970: Weathering Shocks: Unraveling the Effects of Short-Term Weather Shocks on Poverty in Paraguay

- Teresa Janz, Franziska Gassmann and Lyliana Gayoso de Ervin
- 10969: Afghanistan’s New Economic Landscape: Using Nighttime Lights to Understand the Civilian Economy after 2021

- Ivo Teruggi, Oscar Eduardo Barriga Cabanillas, Walker Kosmidou-Bradley, Silvia Redaelli and Eigo Tateishi
- 10968: Is There an Underside to Economic Growth ? A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Malaysia

- M Asadullah, Monica Biradavolu, Vijayendra Rao and Kenneth Simler
- 10967: Can Facebook Ads Prevent Malaria ? Two Field Experiments in India

- Dante Donati, Nandan Rao, Victor Hugo Orozco Olvera and Ana Maria Munoz Boudet
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