Policy Research Working Paper Series

From The World Bank
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9925: Hidden Defaults

Sebastian Andreas Horn, Carmen Reinhart and Christoph Trebesch

9924: Anatomy of Brazil’s Subjective Well-Being: A Tale of Growing Discontent and Polarization in the 2010s

Martijn Burger, Martijn Hendriks and Elena Ianchovichina

9923: Resource-Backed Loans in Sub-Saharan Africa

David Mihalyi, Jyhjong Hwang, Diego Rivetti and James Cust

9922: Demand and Supply Shocks: Evidence from Corporate Earning Calls

Franz Ruch and Temel Taskin

9921: The Returns to Innovation in East Asia: The Role of the Business Environment and Firms' Characteristics

Francesca de Nicola and Pinyi Chen

9920: Public Debt Reporting in Developing Countries

Diego Rivetti

9919: Women in Paid Employment: A Role for Public Policies and Social Norms in Guatemala

Rita Kullberg Almeida and Mariana Viollaz

9918: Can Economics Become More Reflexive ? Exploring the Potential of Mixed-Methods

Vijayendra Rao

9917: Social Cohesion and Refugee-Host Interactions: Evidence from East Africa

Alexander Milton Stedman Betts, Maria Flinder Stierna, Naohiko Omata and Olivier Sterck

9916: Local Peace Agreements and the Return of IDPs with Perceived ISIL Affiliation in Iraq

Jacqueline Margarethe Parry and Olga Aymerich

9915: How Do Shared Experiences of Economic Shocks Impact Refugees and Host Communities ? Evidence from Afghan Refugees in Iran

Mohammad Hoseini and Mahsa Jahan Dideh

9914: Labor Market Integration, Local Conditions and Inequalities: Evidence from Refugees in Switzerland

Tobias Müller, Pia Pannatier and Martina Giorgia Viarengo

9913: Forced Migration, Social Cohesion and Conflict: The 2015 Refugee Inflow in Germany

Emanuele Albarosa and Benjamin Elsner

9912: Long-Term Effects of the 1923 Mass Refugee Inflow on Social Cohesion in Greece

Elie Murard

9911: The Impacts of Lockdown Policies on International Trade in the Philippines

Guillermo Carlos Arenas, Socrates Kraido Majune and Angella Montfaucon

9910: Exploring the Urban Model: Employment, Housing, and Infrastructure

Daniel Marbod Sturm, Kohei Takeda and Anthony Venables

9909: Heat, Crime, and Punishment

Arnold Behrer and Valentin Bolotnyy

9908: Nonclassical Measurement Error and Farmers’ Response to Information Reveal Behavioral Anomalies

Kibrom A. Abay, Christopher Barrett, Talip Kilic, Heather G. Moylan, John Ilukor and Wilbert Drazi Vundru

9907: Illicit Schemes: Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reforms and the Role of Tax Evasion and Smuggling

Jun Erik Maruyama Rentschler and Nobuhiro Hosoe

9906: Sovereign Bonds since Waterloo

Josefin Meyer, Carmen Reinhart and Christoph Trebesch

9905: Surveying Informal Businesses: Methodology and Applications

Gemechu A. Aga, David C. Francis, Filip Jolevski, Jorge Rodriguez Meza and Joshua Seth Wimpey

9904: The Effects of Subsidizing Social Security Contributions: Job creation or Informality Reduction ?

Gunes Asik, Laurent Bossavie, Jochen Kluve, Selin Efsan Nas Ozen, Metin Nebiler and Ana Maria Oviedo Silva

9903: Understanding Public Spending Trends for Infrastructure in Developing Countries

Vivien Foster, Anshul Rana and Nisan Gorgulu

9902: COVID-19 and Economic Inequality: Short-Term Impacts with Long-Term Consequences

Ambar Narayan, Alexandru Cojocaru, Sarthak Agrawal, Tom Bundervoet, Maria Eugenia Davalos, Natalia Garcia, Christoph Lakner, Daniel Gerszon Mahler, Veronica Sonia Montalva Talledo, Andrey Ten and Nishant Yonzan

9901: FDI and Trade Outcomes at the Industry Level—A Data-Driven Approach

Jean-Christophe Maur, Milan Nedeljkovic and Erik von Uexkull

9900: Multidimensionality of Land Ownership among Men and Women in Sub-Saharan Africa

Ardina Roosiany Hasanbasri, Talip Kilic, Gayatri B. Koolwal and Heather G. Moylan

9899: Infrastructure and Structural Change in the Lake Chad Region

Mathilde Lebrand

9898: The Interplay of Regional and Ethnic Inequalities in Malaysian Poverty Dynamics

Gerton Rongen, Zainab Binti Ali Ahmad, Peter Lanjouw and Kenneth Simler

9897: More Is Better: Evaluating the Impact of a Variation in Cash Assistance on the Reintegration Outcomes of Returning Afghan Refugees

Hisham Esper, Nandini Krishnan and Christina Wieser

9896: What Explains Boys’ Educational Underachievement in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ?

Mahmoud Abduh Ali Elsayed, Aidan Clerkin, Vasiliki Pitsia, Nayyaf Aljabri and Khaleel Al-Harbi

9895: Challenges of Public Credit Guarantee Schemes in Latin America during the Pandemic

Heinz P. Rudolph, Federico Alfonso Diaz Kalan and Faruk Miguel Liriano

9894: The US-China Trade War and Global Reallocations

Pablo David Fajgelbaum, Pinelopi Goldberg, Patrick Kennedy, Amit Khandelwal and Daria Taglioni

9893: Measuring Quarterly Economic Growth from Outer Space

Robert Beyer, Yingyao Hu and Jiaxiong Yao

9892: Microdata Collection and Openness in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA): Introducing the MENA Microdata Access Indicator

Uche Eseosa Ekhator-Mobayode and Johannes G. Hoogeveen

9891: Indirect Tax Incidence in Brazil: Assessing the Distributional Effects of Potential Tax Reforms

Gabriel Lara Ibarra, Rafael Macedo Rubião and Eduardo Simoes Fleury

9890: Learning to Learn: Experimentation, Entrepreneurial Capital, and Development

William Maloney and Andres Zambrano

9889: Exploring the Growth Effects of COVID-19 across Developing Countries

Cesar Calderon and Megumi Kubota

9888: How Much Does Physical Infrastructure Contribute to Economic Growth ? An Empirical Analysis

Govinda Timilsina, David Stern and Debasish Kumar Das

9887: The Role of Work-from-Home in the Gender Asymmetries of COVID-19: An Analysis for Latin America Based on High-Frequency Surveys

Inés Berniell, Leonardo Carlos Gasparini, Mariana Marchionni and Mariana Viollaz

9886: Estimating Food Price Inflation from Partial Surveys

Bo Andree

9885: Transnational Terrorism and the Internet

Quy-Toan Do, Nicolas Gomez Parra and Bob Rijkers

9884: A Puzzle with Missing Pieces: Explaining the Effectiveness of World Bank Development Projects

Helen Louise Ashton, Jed Friedman, Diana Goldemberg, Mustafa Zakir Hussain, Thomas Kenyon, Akib Khan and Mo Zhou

9883: Lost in Interpretation: Why Spouses Disagree on Who Makes Decisions

Sundas Liaqat, Aletheia Donald, Forest Brach Jarvis, Elizaveta Perova and Hillary C. Johnson

9882: The Global Diffusion of Electric Vehicles: Lessons from the First Decade

Shanjun Li, Binglin Wang, Muxi Yang and Fan Zhang

9881: Monetary, Fiscal, and Structural Drivers of Inflation in Ethiopia: New Empirical Evidence from Time Series Analysis

Léonce Ndikumana, Janvier D. Nkurunziza, Miguel Eduardo Sanchez Martin, Samuel Mulugeta and Zerihun Getachew Kelbore

9880: Taxation, Accountability, and Cash Transfers: Breaking the Resource Curse

Shantayanan Devarajan and Quy-Toan Do

9879: What Explains Wage Differentials for Urban Wage Earners?: Returns to Education for Ethiopia’s Urban Wage Employed

Shanjukta Nath and Christina Wieser

9878: Estimating a Poverty Line for Brazil Based on the 2017-18 Household Budget Survey

Gabriel Lara Ibarra, Anna Luisa Paffhausen and Daniel Vasconcellos Archer Duque

9877: Short-Term Impacts of Targeted Cash Grants and Business Development Services: Experimental Evidence from Entrepreneurs in Burkina Faso

Michael Grimm, Sidiki Soubeiga and Michael Weber

9876: Mobilizing Parents at Home and at School: An Experiment on Primary Education in Angola

Vincenzo Di Maro, Stefan Leeffers, Danila Serra and Pedro Vicente

9875: Building State Capacity: What Is the Impact of Development Projects ?

Vincenzo Di Maro, David Evans, Stuti Khemani and Thiago Scot

9874: Can Business Grants Mitigate a Crisis ? Evidence from Youth Entrepreneurs in Kenya during COVID-19

Yanina Eliana Domenella, Julian C Jamison, Abla Safir and Bilal Husnain Zia

9873: Occupational Hazards: Migrants and the Economic and Health Risks of COVID-19 in Western Europe

Laurent Bossavie, Daniel Garrote Sanchez, Mattia Makovec and Caglar Ozden

9872: Political Prioritization of Early Childhood Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Policy Analysis of Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Michelle J. Neuman and Shawn Michael Powers

9871: What Has Been the Impact of COVID-19 on Debt ? Turning a Wave into a Tsunami

Ayhan Kose, Peter Nagle, Franziska Ohnsorge and Naotaka Sugawara

9870: Infrastructure and Structural Change in the Horn of Africa

Matias Herrera Dappe and Mathilde Lebrand

9869: Getting Real ? The Uneven Burden of Inflation across Households in Turkey

Javier Baez, Osman Inan and Metin Nebiler

9868: Does Competition from Informal Firms Impact R&D by Formal SMEs ? Evidence Using Firm-Level Survey Data

Mohammad Amin

9867: Estimating the Impact of Weather on Agriculture

Jeffrey Michler, Anna Josephson, Talip Kilic and Siobhan Murray

9866: In Someone Else’s Shoes: Reducing Prejudice Through Perspective Taking

Marisol Rodríguez Chatruc and Sandra Rozo

9865: Does Race and Gender Inequality Impact Income Growth ?

Gustavo Marrero, Juan Rodríguez and Roy van der Weide

9864: Measuring Systemic Banking Resilience: A Simple Reverse Stress Testing Approach

Erik H.B. Feyen and Davide Salvatore Mare

9863: Mangroves as Coastal Protection for Local Economic Activities from Hurricanes in the Caribbean

Juan Jose Miranda, Luigi Butron, Chrissie Pantoja Vallejos and Rashmin Gunasekera

9862: Forced Displacement, Gender, and Livelihoods: Refugees in Ethiopia

Yeshwas Admasu Bogale

9861: Urban Agglomeration and Firm Innovation: Evidence from Developing Asia

Liming Chen, Rana Hasan and Yi Jiang

9860: Nowcasting Global Poverty

Daniel Gerszon Mahler, Raul Andres Castaneda Aguilar and David Newhouse

9859: Inequality under COVID-19: Taking Stock of High-Frequency Data for East Asia and the Pacific

Lydia Y. Kim, Maria Ana Lugo, Andrew D. Mason and Ikuko Uochi

9858: Estimating Poverty in Kinshasa by Dealing with Sampling and Comparability Issues

Yele Maweki Batana, Takaaki Masaki, Shohei Nakamura and Mervy Ever Viboudoulou Vilpoux

9857: Profiling Living Conditions of the DRC Urban Population: Access to Housing and Services in Kinshasa Province

Yele Maweki Batana, Alexandra Jarotschkin, Akakpo Domefa Konou, Takaaki Masaki, Shohei Nakamura and Mervy Ever Viboudoulou Vilpoux

9856: Demographic and Spatial Disparities in Labor Market Outcomes within the Kinshasa Urban Landscape

Yele Maweki Batana, Alexandra Jarotschkin, Akakpo Domefa Konou, Takaaki Masaki, Shohei Nakamura and Mervy Ever Viboudoulou Vilpoux

9855: Corridors without Borders in West Africa

Mathilde Lebrand

9854: The Macroeconomy After Tariffs

Davide Furceri, Swarnali Hannan, Jonathan Ostry and Andrew Rose

9853: The Impact of Digital Infrastructure on African Development

Cesar Calderon and Catalina Cantu

9852: Becoming Legible to the State: The Role of Identification and Collection Capacity in Taxation

Oyebola Okunogbe

9851: Competition and Firm Recovery Post-COVID-19

Miriam Bruhn, Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Dorothe Singer

9850: Helping Families Help Themselves ? Heterogeneous Effects of a Digital Parenting Program

Sofia Fernando Monteiro Amaral, Lelys Dinarte Diaz, Patricio Dominguez and Santiago Perez-Vincent

9849: Rural Poverty Reduction and Economic Transformation in China: A Decomposition Approach

Maria Ana Lugo, Chiyu Niu and Ruslan Yemtsov

9848: The Promise and Limitations of Information Technology for Tax Mobilization

Oyebola Okunogbe and Fabrizio Santoro

9847: Preparation, Practice, and Beliefs: A Machine Learning Approach to Understanding Teacher Effectiveness

Deon Filmer, Vatsal Nahata and Shwetlena Sabarwal

9846: What Types of Capital Flows Help Improve International Risk Sharing ?

Ergys Islamaj and Ayhan Kose

9845: Urban CO2 Emissions: A Global Analysis with New Satellite Data

Susmita Dasgupta, Somik V. Lall and David R. Wheeler

9844: Global Income Poverty Measurement with Preference Heterogeneity: Theory and Application

Benoit Marie A Decerf, Mery Ferrando and Natalie Quinn

9843: Trade Networks in Latin America: Spatial Inefficiencies and Optimal Expansions

Nicole Emily Gorton and Elena Ianchovichina

9842: Impacts of Energy Efficiency Projects in Developing Countries: Evidence from a Spatial Difference-in-Differences Analysis in Malawi

Dominik Naeher, Raghavan Narayanan and Virginia Ziulu

9841: Survey Measurement Errors and the Assessment of the Relationship between Yields and Inputs in Smallholder Farming Systems: Evidence from Mali

Ismael Yacoubou Djima and Talip Kilic

9840: Knowledge and Adoption of Complex Agricultural Technologies: Evidence from an Extension Experiment

Denise Hörner, Adrien Bouguen, Markus Frölich and Meike Wollni

9839: The Pass-Through of International Commodity Price Shocks to Producers’ Welfare: Evidence from Ethiopian Coffee Farmers

Hundanol Atnafu Kebede

9838: Poverty Imputation in Contexts without Consumption Data: A Revisit with Further Refinements

Hai-Anh Dang, Talip Kilic, Calogero Carletto and Kseniya Abanokova

9837: Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy: Survey and Experimental Evidence from Papua New Guinea

Christopher Hoy, Terence Wood and Ellen Elizabeth Moscoe

9836: The Intergenerational Effects of Economic Sanctions

Safoura Moeeni

9835: A Tale of Two Programs: Assessing Treatment and Control in NREGA Studies

Girish Bahal

9834: Assessing the Affordability of Nutrient-Adequate Diets

Kate Schneider, Luc Christiaensen, Patrick J. Webb and William Masters

9833: Empowering Migrant Women: Impacts of Amnesties on Crime Reports

Ana Ibáñez, Sandra Rozo and Dany Bahar

9832: International Reserves and Central Bank Independence

Agustin Samano

9831: Can Grit Be Taught ? Lessons from a Nationwide Field Experiment with Middle-School Students

Indhira Vanessa Santos, Violeta Petroska-Beska, Pedro Manuel Amaro Da Costa Luz Carneiro, Lauren Eskreis-Winkler, Ana Maria Munoz Boudet, Inés Berniell, Christian Krekel, Omar Arias and Angela Lee Duckworth

9830: Introducing the Adequate Housing Index (AHI): A New Approach to Estimate the Adequate Housing Deficit within and across Emerging Economies

Daniela Monika Behr, Lixue Chen, Ankita Goel, Khondoker Tanveer Haider, Sandeep - CSEFI Singh and Asad Zaman

9829: Deep Trade Agreement and Foreign Direct Investments

Edith Laget, Nadia Roch and Gonzalo Varela

9828: Childcare and Mothers’ Labor Market Outcomes in Lower- and Middle-Income Countries

Daniel Zefanya Halim, Elizaveta Perova and Sarah Reynolds

9827: Improving the Well-Being of Adolescent Girls in Developing Countries

Katy Bergstrom and Berk Özler

9826: A Multi-Country Analysis of Multidimensional Poverty in Contexts of Forced Displacement

Yeshwas Admasu, Sabina Alkire, Uche Eseosa Ekhator-Mobayode, Fanni Kovesdi, Julieth Santamaria and Scharlin-Pettee[,Sophie