Policy Research Working Paper Series

From The World Bank
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1305: Information and price determination under mass privatization

Nemat Shafik

1304: Informal gold mining and mercury pollution in Brazil

Biller, Dan*DEC

1303: Conflict and cooperation in managing international water resources

Scott Barret and Dec

1302: Sustainability: ethical foundations and economic properties

Geir Asheim

1301: Estimating the health effects of air pollutants: a method with an application to Jakarta

Bart Ostro

1300: Dynamic response to external shocks in classical and Keynesian economies

Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel, Luis Serven and Dec

1299: Fiscal policy in classical and Keynesian open economies

Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel and Luis Serven

1298: Capital goods imports, the real exchange rate, and the current account

Luis Serven

1297: How relative prices affect fuel use patterns in manufacturing: plant - level evidence from Chile

Charles C. Guo and James Tybout

1296: Earnings-related mandatory pensions: concepts for design

Salvador Valdés and Dec

1295: Why higher fiscal spending persists when a boom in primary commodities ends

Bruno Boccara and Dec

1294: Regulations, institutions, and economic performance: the political economy of the Philippines'telecommunications sector

Hadi Esfahani and Dec

1293: Product standards, imperfect competition and completion of the market in the European Union

Glenn Harrison, Thomas Rutherford, David Tarr and Dec

1292: Service as a major source of growth in Russia and other former Soviet states

William Easterly, Martha de Melo, Gur Ofer and Dec

1291: A survey of Viet Nam's legal framework in transition

Natalie G. Lichtenstein and Dec

1290: Oil price instability, hedging, and an oil stabilization fund: the case of Venezuela

Stijn Claessens, Panos Varangis and Dec

1289: A fiscal needs approach to equalization transfers in a decentralized federation

Anwar Shah and Dec

1288: The public finance of infrastructure: issues and options

Vinaya Swaroop and Dec

1287: Unstable inflation and seignorage revenues in Latin America: How many times can the government fool people?

Jacques Morisset and Dec

1286: Economic transformation and the fiscal crisis: a critical look at the Central European experience of the 1990s

Luca Barbone, Domenico Marchetti and Dec

1285: Capital fundamentalism, economic development, and economic growth

Robert King, Ross Levine and Dec

1284: The Soviet economic decline: historical and republican data

William Easterly, Stanley Fischer and Dec

1283: Interest rates in open economies: real interest rate parity, exchange rates, and country risk in industrial and developing countries

Dipak Das Gupta, Bejoy Das Gupta and Dec

1282: Copper and the negative price of storage

Donald Larson and Dec

1281: Human and physical infrastructure: public investment and pricing policies in developing countries

Emmanuel Jimenez and Dec

1280: The economic impact of export controls: an application to Mongolian cashmere and Romanian wood products

Wendy Takacs

1279: Optimal hedging strategy revisited: acknowledging the existence of nonstationary economic timeseries

Ying Qian, Ronald Duncan and Dec

1278: The role of regulation and commitment in the development of telecommunications in Chile

Ahmed Galal and Dec

1277: Private trader response to market liberalization in Tanzania's cashew nut industry

Steven Jaffee and Dec

1276: Is there persistence in the growth of manufactured exports? Evidence from newly industrializing countries

Ashoka Mody, Kamil Yilmaz and Dec

1275: Female - headed households, poverty, and the welfare of children in urban Brazil

Ricardo Barros, Louise Fox, Rosane Mendonca and Dec

1274: The new trade theory and its relevance for developing countries

Asad Alam and Dec

1273: Desired fertility and the impact of population policies

Lant Pritchett and Dec

1272: The value of superfund cleanups: evidence from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency decisions

Shreekant Gupta, George Van Houtven, Maureen Cropper and Dec

1271: Measuring the effect of external shocks and the policy response to them: empirical methodology applied to the Philippines

F. Desmond McCarthy, J. Peter Neary, Giovanni Zanalda and Dec

1270: How land-based targeting affects rural poverty

Martin Ravallion, Binayak Sen and Dec

1269: Union - nonunion wage differentials in the developing world: a case study of Mexico

Alexis Panagides, Harry Patrinos and Dec

1268: The reform of mechanisms for foreign exchange allocation: theory and lessons from sub-Saharan Africa

Eliana La Ferrara, Gabriel Castillo and John Nash

1267: The tax base in transition: the case of Bulgaria

Zeljko Bogetic and Arye L. Hillman

1266: An efficient frontier for international portfolios with commodity assets

Sudhakar Satyanarayan, Panos Varangis and Dec

1265: Parallel exchange rates in developing countries: lessons from eight case studies

Miguel A. Kiguel and Stephen O'Connell

1264: A rock and a hard place: the two faces of U.S. trade policy toward Korea

Joseph Finger and Dec

1263: The effects of barriers on equity investment in developing countries

Stijn Claessens, Moon-Whoan Rhee and Dec

1262: Flexibility in Sri Lanka's labor market

Martin Rama and Dec

1261: A political - economy analysis of free trade areas and customs unions

Arvind Panagariya, Ronald Findlay and Dec

1260: When is a life too costly to save?: evidence from U.S. environmental regulations

George Van Houtven, Maureen Cropper and Dec

1259: The reform of fiscal systems in developing and emerging market economies: a federalism perspective

Robin Boadway, Sandra Roberts and Anwar Shah

1258: Decentralizing infrastructure: for good or ill?

Richard Bird

1257: Old age security in transitional economies

Louise Fox

1256: World fossil fuel subsidies and global carbon emissions in a model with interfuel substitution

Bjorn Larsen

1255: Intrahousehold resource allocation: an overview

Lawrence Haddad, John Hoddinott, Harold Alderman and Dec

1254: What are OECD trade preferences worth to sub-Saharan Africa?

Alexander J. Yeats and Dec

1253: Can competition policy control"301"?

Joseph Finger, K.C. Fung and Dec

1252: On the dangers of decentralization

Remy Prud'homme and Dec

1251: Excise taxes

John F. Due

1250: Explaining miracles: growth regressions meet the Gang of Four

William Easterly and Dec

1249: Competitiveness and environmental standards: some exploratory results

Sorsa, Piritta*DEC

1248: Do domestic firms benefit from foreign direct investment? Evidence from panel data

Brian Aitken, Ann Harrison and Dec

1247: Complex transactions under uncertainty: Brazil's machine tool industry

Andrew Stone and Dec

1246: Determinants of cross-country income inequality: an augmented Kuznets hypothesis

Branko Milanovic and Dec

1245: The adding-up problem: strategies for primary commodity exports in sub-Saharan Africa

Takamasa Akiyama, Donald Larson and Dec

1244: Difficulties of transferring risk-based capital requirements to developing countries

Edward Kane

1243: Are institutional investors an important source of portfolio investment in emerging markets?

Punam Chuhan and Dec

1242: Financial policies in socialist countries in transition

Boris Pleskovic

1241: Regulation, institutions, and commitment in the British telecommunications sector

Pablo T. Spiller, Ingo Vogelsang and Dec

1240: Financing the storm: macroeconomic crisis in Russia, 1992-93

William Easterly, Paulo Viera da Cunha and Dec

1239: Principles of regulatory policy design

David Sappington and Dec

1238: Structural adjustment in the 1980s: Kenya

Gurushri Swamy and Dec

1237: Assessing Bank performance and the impact of financial restructuring in a macroeconomic framework: a new application

Yavuz Boray and Hector Sierra

1236: The impact of two tier producer and consumer food pricing in India

Maurice Schiff

1235: Eastern Europe's experience with banking reform: is there a role for banks in the transition?

Alfredo Thorne and Dec

1234: Price formation, nominal anchors, and stabilization policies in Hungary: an empirical analysis

Andres Solimano, David E. Yuravlivker and Dec

1233: Hedging cotton price risk in Francophone African countries

Sudhakar Satyanarayan, Elton Thigpen, Panos Varangis and Dec

1232: Will GATT enforcement control antidumping?

Joseph Finger, K.C. Fung and Dec

1231: Making a market: mass privatization in the Czech and Slovak Republics

Nemat Shafik and Dec

1230: Unemployment in Mexico: its characteristics and determinants

Ana Revenga, Michelle Riboud and Dec

1229: The structure, regulation, and performance of pension funds in nine industrial countries

E Davis and Dec

1228: Competition, competition policy, and the GATT

Bernard Hoekman, Petros C. Mavroidis and Dec

1227: Designing water institutions: market failures and institutional response

Marie Leigh Livingston and Dec

1226: Forecasting volatility in commodity markets

Kenneth F. Kroner, Devin P. Kneafsey, Stijn Claessens and Dec

1225: Intra - Sub - Saharan African trade: is it too little?

Faezeh Foroutan and Lant Pritchett

1224: Devaluation in low-inflation economies

Miguel A. Kiguel and Nita Ghei

1223: How robust is a poverty profile?

Martin Ravallion and Benu Bidani

1222: Trade reform in ten sub-Saharan African countries: achievements and failures

Faezeh Foroutan

1221: Does results and development (R&D) contribute to economic growth in developing countries?

Nancy Birdsall and Changyong Rhee

1220: Developing countries and the Uruguay Round: negotiations on services

Bernard Hoekman and Dec

1219: Decentralizing water resource management: economic incentives, accountability, and assurance

K. Easter, Robert R. Hearne and Dec

1218: Implementation of trade reform in sub-Saharan Africa: how much heat and how much light?

John Nash and Dec

1217: Unitary versus collective models of the household: time to shift theburden of proof?

Pierre Chiappori, Lawrence Haddad, John Hoddinott and Ravi Kanbur

1216: Regulation, institutions, and commitment: privatization and regulation in the Argentine telecommunications sector

Alice Hill, Manuel Abdala and Dec

1215: How much do distortions affect growth?

William Easterly and Dec

1214: Trade, aid, and investment in sub-Saharan Africa

Ishrat Husain and Dec

1213: Japanese foreign direct investment: recent trends, determinants, and prospects

Kwang W. Jun, Frank Sader, Haruo Horaguchi, Hyuntai Kwak and Dec

1212: The links between economic policy and research: three examples from Ghana and some general thoughts

Ravi Kanbur

1211: Savings investment correlations and capital mobility in developing countries

Nlandu Mamingi

1210: The taxation of natural resources: principles and policy issues

Robin Boadway and Frank Flatters

1209: Should East Asia go regional? No, no and maybe

Arvind Panagariya

1208: Primary school achievement in English and mathematics in Zimbabwe: a multi-level analysis

Levi M. Nyagura and Abby Riddell

1207: Characteristics and performance of settlement programs: a review

Bill Kinsey and Hans Binswanger-Mkhize

1206: Empirical perspectives on national index funds

Ishac Diwan, Vihang Errunza and Lemma W. Senbet