Policy Research Working Paper Series

From The World Bank
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1029: Controlling tropical deforestation: an analysis of alternative policies

Robert Deacon

1028: Socioeconomic and ethnic determinants of grade repetition in Bolivia and Guatemala

Harry Patrinos and George Psacharopoulos

1027: Lessons from bank privatization in Mexico

Guillermo Barnes

1026: Financial liberation and adjustment in Chile and New Zealand

Paul McNelis and Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel

1025: Openness and economic performance in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from time-series cross-country analysis

Kazi M. Matin

1024: An exact approach for evaluating the benefits from technological change

Will Martin and Julian Alston

1023: Tariff index theory

James Anderson

1022: A new approach to evaluating trade policy

James Anderson and J. Peter Neary

1021: Measuring welfare changes from commodity price stabilization in small open economies

Jonathan R. Coleman and Chris Jones

1020: Another look at population and global warming

Nancy Birdsall

1019: How effective are directed credit policies in the United States? A literature survey

Anita M. Schwarz

1018: Tariff andtax reform: do World Bank recommendations integrate revenue and protection objectives?

Anand Rajaram

1017: Rural poverty, migration, and the environment in developing countries: three case studies

Richard E. Bilsborrow

1016: Europe and Central Asia region Middle East and North Africa region population projects: 1992-93 edition

My T. Vu, Eduard Bos and Ann Levin

1015: Benefit incidence analysis in developing countries

Thomas Selden and Michael J. Wasylenko

1014: Ethnicity, education, and earnings in Bolivia and Guatemala

George Psacharopoulos

1013: The impact of Mexico's retraining program on employment and wages

Michelle Riboud, Hong Tan and Ana Revenga

1012: The Brady Plan, the 1989 Mexican debt reduction agreement, and bank stock returns in the United States and Japan

Haluk Unal, Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Kwok-Wai Leung

1011: How tax incentives affect decisions to invest in developing countries

Robin Boadway and Anwar Shah

1010: Competition and efficiency in Hungarian banking

Dimitri Vittas and Craig Neal

1009: Labor and women's nutrition: a study of energy expenditure, fertility, and nutritional status in Ghana

Paul A Higgins, Harold Alderman and Dec

1008: Do the poor insure? A synthesis of the literature on risk and consumption in developing countries

Harold Alderman, Christina Paxson and Dec

1007: Global estimates and projections of mortality by cause, 1970-2015

Rodolfo A. Bulatao and Patience W. Stephens

1006: Preparing multiyear railway investment plans: a market-oriented approach

Jorge M. Rebelo

1005: An approach to the economic analysis of water supply projects

Laszlo Lovei

1004: Family planning programs in sub-Saharan Africa

Regina McNamara, Therese McGinn, Donald Lauro and John Ross

1003: Rent-sharing in the multi-fibre arrangement: evidence from U.S. - Hong Kong trade in apparel

Kala Krishna and Ling Hui Tan

1002: World fossil fuel subsidies and global carbon emissions

Bjorn Larsen, Anwar Shah and Dec

1001: World Bank adjustment lending and economic performance in sub-Saharan Africa in the 1980s: a comparison of early adjusters, late adjusters, and nonadjusters

Ibrahim A. Elbadawi

1000: World Bank adjustment lending and economic performance in sub-Saharan Africa in the 1980s: a comparison with other low income countries

Ibrahim A. Elbadawi, Dhaneshwar Ghura and Gilbert Uwujaren

999: Stopping three big inflations (Argentina, Brazil, and Peru)

Miguel A. Kiguel and Nissan Liviatan

998: What determines demand for freight transport?

Esra Bennathan, Julie Fraser and Louis S. Thompson

997: How financial liberalization in Indonesia affected firms'capital structure and investment decisions

John R. Harris, Fabio Schiantarelli and Miranda G. Siregar

996: Strategic management of population programs

Michael H. Bernhart

995: Recent experience with commercial bank debt r eduction

Stijn Claessens, Ishac Diwan and Fernandez-

994: Textiles and apparel in NAFTA: a case of constrained liberalization

Geoffrey Bannister and Patrick Low

993: An economic analysis of capital flight from Nigeria

S. Ibi Ajayi

992: Regional integration in sub-Saharan Africa: experience and prospects

Faezeh Foroutan

991: Environmental costs of natural resource commodities: magnitude and incidence

Margaret Slade

990: Protection and industrial structure in India

M. Ataman Aksoy and Francois M. Ettori

989: The Indian trade regime

M. Ataman Aksoy

988: Economic valuation and the natural world

David Pearce

987: How the epidemiological transition affects health policy isues in three Latin American countries

Jose Luis Bobadilla and Cristina de A. Possas

986: The administration of road user taxes in developing countries

Roy Bahl

985: Regional integration, old and new

Jaime de Melo, Claudio Montenegro and Arvind Panagariya

984: Barriers to portfolio investments in emerging stock markets

Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Harry Huizinga

983: Legal reform for Hungary's private sector

Cheryl W. Gray, Rebecca J. Hanson and Micha Heller

982: Microeconomics of transformation in Poland: a survey of state enterprise responses

Brian Pinto, Marek Belka and Stefan Krajewski

981: After socialism and dirigisme: which way?

Andres Solimano

980: The environment: a new challenge to GATT

Piritta Sorsa

979: Economic growth and the environment

Dennis Anderson

978: How restricting carbon dioxide and methane emissions would affect the Indian economy

Charles R. Blitzer, R.S. Eckaus, Supriya Lahiri and Alexander Meeraus

977: Income security for old age: conceptual background and major issues

Estelle James

976: Strategic management of family planning programs

Cynthia P. Green

975: Techniques for improving client relations in family planning programs

George B. Simmons, Sara Koerber and Ruth Simmons

974: How minilateral trading agreements may affect the post-Uruguay Round world

C.A. Primo Braga and Alexander Yeats

973: How changes in the former CMEA area may affect international trade in manufactures

Refik Erzan, Christopher Holmes and Raed Safadi

972: Commercial energy efficiency and the environment

Robin W. Bates and Edwin A. Moore

971: The effects of democratic determination of wages: theory and evidence from self-managed firms

Milan Vodopivec

970: Political models of macroeconomic policy and fiscal reform

Alberto Alesina

969: Imports, exports, and industrial performance in India, 1970-88

M. Ataman Aksoy and Helena Tang

968: Biomass

David O. Hall

967: Transition problems in economic reform: agriculture in the Mexico - U.S. free trade agreement

Santiago Levy and Sweder van Wijnbergen

966: Trade and the environment: a survey of the literature

Judith Dean

965: Coping with the disappointingrates of return on development projects that affect the environment

William Ascher

964: Toxic releases by manufacturing: world patterns and trade policies

Robert Lucas

963: Growth and welfare losses from carbon emissions restrictions: a general equilibrium analysis for Egypt

Charles R. Blitzer, R.S. Eckaus, Supriya Lahiri and Alexander Meeraus

962: Do markets underprice natural - resource commodities?

Margaret Slade

961: Economic development and the environment: conflict of complementarity?

Wilfred Beckerman

960: Agricultural pricing and environmental degradation

Edward Barbier and Joanne Burgess

959: Waterborne diseases in Peru

Sheila Webb

958: EC Bananarama 1992: the sequel - the EC Commission proposal

Brent Borrell and Maw-Cheng Yang

957: Carbon taxes, the greenhouse effect, and developing countries

Anwar Shah and Bjorn Larsen

956: Regression estimates of per capital gross domestic product based on purchasing power parities

Sultan Ahmad

955: OECD fiscal policies and the relative prices of primary commodities

George Alogoskoufis and Panos Varangis

954: How OECD policies affected Latin America in the 1980s

Chris Allen, David Currie, T. G. Srinivasan and David Vines

953: The pedigree of IEC conversion factors for per capita GNP computations for the World Bank's operational outlines and atlas

Michael Hee

952: Unit costs, cost - effectiveness, and financing of nutrition interventions

Susan Horton

951: Piecemeal trade reform in partially liberalized economies: an evaluation for Turkey

Glenn Harrison, Thomas Rutherford and David Tarr

950: Service: the new focus in international manufacturing and trade

Hans Juergen Peters

949: The impact of formal finance on the rural economy of India

Hans Binswanger-Mkhize and Shahidur Khandker

948: Factors affecting private financial flows to Eastern Europe, 1989-91

Mohua Mukherjee

947: Strategies for creating transitional jobs during structural adjustment

Stephen L. Mangum, Garth L. Mangum and Janine Bowen

946: Retraining displaced workers: what can developing countries learn from OECD nations?

Duane E. Leigh

945: Managing the civil service: what LDCs can learn from developed country reforms

Barbara Nunberg

944: How public sector pay and employment affect labor markets: research issues

Gail Stevenson

943: Burden-sharing among official and private creditors

Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Eduardo Fernandez-Arias

942: Los Angeles, Mexico City, Cubatao, and Ankara - Efficient environmental regulation: case studies of urban air pollution

Arik Levinson and Sudhir Shetty

941: Projecting the demographic impact of AIDS

Rodolfo Bulatao and Eduard Bos

940: Private sector approaches to effective family planning

Karen G. Foreit

939: How macroeconomic policies affect project performance in the social sectors

Daniel Kaufman and Yan Wang

938: Health, government, and the poor: the case for the private sector

Nancy Birdsall and Estelle James

937: How soft is the budget constraint for Yugoslav firms?

Evan Kraft and Milan Vodopivec

936: Taxation, information asymmetries, and a firm's financing choices

Andrew Lyon

935: The precautionary demand for commodity stocks

Boum-Jong Choe

934: Public hospital costs and quality in the Dominican Republic

Maureen Lewis, Margaret B. Sulvetta and Gerard M. LaForgia

933: Developing country capital structures and emerging stock markets

Asli Demirguc-Kunt

932: Interest rates, official lending, and the debt crisis: a reassessment

Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Enrica Detragiache

931: How much to commit to an exchange rate rule: balancing credibility and flexibility

Alex Cukierman, Miguel A. Kiguel and Nissan Liviatan

930: Participatory development: myths and dilemmas

Robert Picciotto