Policy Research Working Paper Series

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2761: Precautionary saving from different sources of income - evidence from rural Pakistan

Richard Adams

2760: Bank lending to small businesses in Latin America: does Bank origin matter?

George Clarke, Robert Cull, Maria Martinez Peria and Susana M. Sanchez

2759: Product quality, productive efficiency, and international technology diffusion: evidence from plant-level panel data

Aart Kraay, Isidro Soloaga and James Tybout

2758: Inequality, the price of nontradables, and the real exchange rate: theory and cross-country evidence

Hong-Ghi Min

2757: Strengthening the global trade architecture for development

Bernard Hoekman

2756: Incomplete enforcement of pollution regulation: bargaining power of Chinese factories

Hua Wang, Nlandu Mamingi, Benoit Laplante and Dasgup

2755: A framework for regulating microfinance institutions: the experience in Ghana and the Philippines

Joselito Gallardo

2754: Revealed preference and self-insurance - Can we learn from the self-employed in Chile?

Abigail Barr and Truman Packard

2753: Unemployment, skills, and incentives - an overview of the safety net system in the Slovak Republic

Carolina Sanchez-Paramo

2752: Investment and income effects of land regularization: the case of Nicaragua

Klaus Deininger and Juan Sebastian Chamorro

2751: Contractual savings institutions and banks'stability and efficiency

Gregorio Impavido, Alberto R. Musalem and Thierry Tressel

2750: The political economy of commodity export policy: a case study of India

Masanori Kondo

2749: Loan loss provisioning and economic slowdowns: too much, too late?

Luc Laeven and Giovanni Majnoni

2748: Deposit dollarization and the financial sector in emerging economies

Patrick Honohan and Anging Shi

2747: Are public sector workers underpaid? - Appropriate comparators in a developing country

Sarah Bales and Martin Rama

2746: Complementarity between multilateral lending and private flows to developing countries: some empirical results

Dilip Ratha

2745: Children's work and schooling - does gender matter?: evidence from the Peru LSMS panel data

Nadeem Ilahi

2743: Breadwinner or caregiver? - how household role affectslabor choices in Mexico

Wendy Cunningham

2742: Sectoral allocation by gender of Latin American workers over the liberalization period of the 1990s

Wendy Cunningham

2741: Female wage inequality in Latin American labor markets

Luz A. Saavedra

2740: Are men benefiting from the new economy: male economic marginalization in Argentina, Brazil, and Costa Rica

Omar Arias

2739: Poverty, education, and health in Indonesia: who benefits from public spending?

Peter Lanjouw, Menno Pradhan, Fadia Saadah, Haneen Sayed and Robert Sparrow

2738: Assisting the transition from workfare to work: a randomized experiment

Emanuela Galasso, Martin Ravallion and Agustin Salvia

2737: Mode of foreign entry, technology transfer, and foreign direct investment policy

Aaditya Mattoo, Marcelo Olarreaga and Kamal Saggi

2736: Social policy and macroeconomics: the Irish experience

F. Desmond McCarthy

2735: Shifting tax burdens through exemptions and evasion - an empirical investigation of Uganda

Bernard Gauthier and Ritva Reinikka

2734: Agricultural markets in Benin and Malawi: the operation and performance of traders

Marcel Fafchamps and Eleni Gabre-Madhin

2733: Trade policy reform and poverty alleviation

Bernard Hoekman, Constantine Michalopoulos, Maurice Schiff and David Tarr

2732: The unbalanced Ururguay Round outcome: the new areas in future WTO negotiations

Joseph Finger and Julio Nogues

2731: An alternative technical education system in Mexico: a reassessment of CONALEP

Gladys Lopez-Acevedo

2730: Antidumping as safeguard policy

Joseph Finger, Francis Ng and Sonam Wangchuk

2729: International evidence on the value of product and geographic diversity

Luc Laeven

2728: Evaluating emergency programs

William Maloney

2727: Hospital governance and incentive design: the case of corporatized public hospitals in Lebanon

Florence Eid

2726: Applying the decision rights to a case of hospital institutional design

Florence Eid

2725: Bank regulation and supervision: what works best?

James Barth, Gerard Caprio and Ross Levine

2724: Tropical bubbles: asset prices in Latin America, 1980-2001

Santiago Herrera and Guillermo Perry

2723: Using development-oriented equity investment as a tool for restructuring transition banking sectors

Helo Meigas

2722: Japan's official development assistance: recent issues and future directions

Masahiro Kawai and Shinji Takagi

2721: Implications for South Asian countries for abolishing the Multifibre Arrangement

Sanjay Kathuria, Will Martin and Anjali Bhardwaj

2720: International migration and the global economic order: an interview

Andres Solimano

2719: Is there a positive incentive effect from privatizing social security: evidence from Latin America

Truman G. Packard

2718: Liberalizing basic telecommunications: the Asian experience

Carsten Fink, Aaditya Mattoo and Randeep Rathindran

2717: Bridging the economic divide within nations: a scorecard on the performance of regional development policies in reducing regional income disparities

Raja Shankar and Anwar Shah

2716: Does foreign bank penetration reduce access to credit in developing countries"evidence from asking borrowers

George Clarke, Robert Cull and Maria Martinez Peria

2715: Paying for health care: quantifying fairness, catastrophe, and impoverishment, with applications to Vietnam, 1993-98

Adam Wagstaff and Eddy Van Doorslaer

2714: On decomposing the causes of health sector inequalities with an application to malnutrition inequalities in Vietnam

Adam Wagstaff, Eddy Van Doorslaer and Naoko Watanabe

2713: Causes of inequality in health: who are you? where do you live? or who your parents were?

Adam Wagstaf, Pierella Paci and Heather Joshi

2712: Contract risks and credit spread determinants in the international project bond market

Mansoor Dailami and Robert Hauswald

2711: Identifying class size effects in developing countries: evidence from rural schools in Bolivia

Miguel Urquiola

2710: Breaking up the collective farm: welfare outcomes of Vietnam's massive land privatization

Martin Ravallion and Dominique Van der Walle

2709: Explaining leakage of public funds

Ritva Reinikka and Jakob Svensson

2708: Accountability and corruption: political institutions matter

Daniel Lederman, Norman Loayza and Rodrigo Soares

2707: Financial intermediary development and growth volatility: do intermediaries dampen or magnify shocks?

Thorsten Beck, Mattias Lundberg and Giovann Majnoni

2706: Household income dynamics in rural China

Jyotsna Jalan and Martin Ravallion

2705: Concession contract renegotiations: some efficiency versus equity dilemmas

Antonio Estache and Lucía Quesada

2704: Regulatory governance and Chile's 1998-99 electricity shortage

Ronald Fischer and Alexander Galetovic

2703: Integrating independent power producers into emerging wholesale power markets

Fiona Woolf and Jonathan Halpern

2702: Productivity versus endowments - a study of Singapore's sectoral growth, 1974-92

Hiau Looi Kee

2701: Trade and production, 1976-99

Alessandro Nicita and Marcelo Olarreaga

2700: Business cycles, economic crises, and the poor: testing for asymmetric effects

Pierre-Richard Agénor

2699: Benefits and costs of international financial integration: theory and facts

Pierre-Richard Agénor

2698: Foreign bank entry - experience, implications for developing countries, and agenda for further research

George Clarke, Robert Cull, Maria Martinez Peria and Susana M. Sanchez

2697: Regional integration and industrial growth among developing countries - the case of three ASEAN members

Dorsati H. Madani

2696: Firms as financial intermediaries - evidence from trade credit data

Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Vojislav Maksimovic

2695: Trade credit, financial intermediary development, and industry growth

Raymond Fisman and Inessa Love

2694: Financial development and financing constraints - international evidence from the structural investment model

Inessa Love

2693: Helping people help themselves - toward a theory of autonomy-compatible help

David Ellerman

2692: Introduction to property theory - the fundamental theorems

David Ellerman

2691: Evolution of earnings and rates of returns to education in Mexico

Gladys Lopez-Acevedo

2690: Ringing in the 20th century: the effects of state monopolies, private ownership, and operating licenses on telecommunications in Europe, 1892-1914

Scott Wallsten

2689: Global trade and food safety - winners and losers in a fragmented system

John Wilson and Tsunehiro Otsuki

2688: Aid, shocks, and growth

Paul Collier and Jan Dehn

2687: Geographic patterns of land use and land intensity in the Brazilian Amazon

Kenneth M. Chomitz and Timothy Thomas

2686: Education, earnings, and inequality in Brazil, 1982-98 - implications for education policy

Andreas Blom, Lauritz Holm-Nielsen and Dorte Verner

2685: Monetary policy strategies for Latin America

Frederic Mishkin and Miguel A. Savastano

2684: From monetary targeting to inflation targeting: lessons from the industrialized countries

Frederic Mishkin

2683: Financial policies and the prevention of financial crises in emerging market economies

Frederic Mishkin

2682: Deposit insurance and financial development

Robert Cull, Lemma W. Senbet and Marco Sorge

2681: On the duration of civil war

Paul Collier, Anke Hoeffler and Mans Soderbom

2680: International cartel enforcement: lessons from the 1990s

Simon Evenett, Margaret Levenstein and Valerie Suslow

2679: Depositinsurance around the globe: where does it work?

Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Edward Kane

2678: Emerging markets instability: do sovereign ratings affect country risk and stock returns?

Graciela Kaminsky and Sergio Schmukler

2677: Can local institutions reduce poverty? Rural decentralization in Burkina Faso

Paula Donnelly-Roark, Karim Ouedraogo and Xiao Ye

2676: An alternative unifying measure of welfare gains from risk-sharing

Philippe Auffret

2675: Road infrastructure concession practice in Europe

Franck Bousquet and Alain Fayard

2674: Measuring economic downside risk and severity - Growth at Risk

Yan Wang and Yudong Yao

2673: Pollution havens and foreign direct investment: dirty secret or popular myth?

Beata K. Smarzynska

2672: Do workfare participants recover quickly from retrenchment?

Martin Ravallion, Emanuela Galasso, Teodoro Lazo and Ernesto Philipp

2671: Who participates: the supply of volunteer labor and the distribution of government programs in rural Peru

Norbert Schady

2670: Stock markets, banks, and growth: correlation or causality?

Thorsten Beck and Ross Levine

2669: The impact of NAFTA and options for tax reform in Mexico

Jorge Martinez-Vazquez and Duanjie Chen

2668: Comparative life expectancy in Africa

F. Desmond McCarthy and Holger Wolf

2667: Trade reform and household welfare: the case of Mexico

Elena Ianchovichina, Alessandro Nicita and Isidro Soloaga

2666: Measuring pro-poor growth

Martin Ravallion and Shaohua Chen

2665: Measuring aggregate welfare in developing countries - How well do national accounts and surveys agree?

Martin Ravallion

2664: Does piped water reduce diarrhea for children in rural India ?

Jyotsna Jalan and Martin Ravallion

2663: Agglomeration economies and productivity in Indian industry

Somik Lall, Zmarak Shalizi and Uwe Deichmann

2662: Markups, entry regulation, and trade - Does country size matter?

Bernard Hoekman, Hiau Looi Kee and Marcelo Olarreaga

2661: The regulation of entry

Simeon Djankov, Rafael La Porta, Andrei Shleifer and Florencio Lopez de Silanes