Policy Research Working Paper Series

From The World Bank
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7881: Children left behind in China: the role of school fees

Hai-Anh H. Dang, Yang Huang, Harris Selod, Hai-Anh H. Dang, Yang Huang and Harris Selod

7880: Transit migration: all roads lead to America

Erhan Artuc, Caglar Ozden, Erhan Artuc and Caglar Ozden

7879: Are there skills payoffs in low- and middle-income countries ? empirical evidence using STEP data

Alexandria Valerio, Maria Sanchez Puerta, Namrata Raman Tognatta and Sebastian Monroy Taborda

7878: Do cognitive and noncognitive skills explain the gender wage gap in middle-income countries ? an analysis using STEP data

Namrata Raman Tognatta, Alexandria Valerio and Maria Sanchez Puerta

7877: Growth recovery in southern Europe: a dozen lessons, old and new

Roumeen Islam

7876: New rural access index: main determinants and correlation to poverty

Atsushi Iimi, A.K. Farhad Ahmed, Edward Charles Anderson, Adam Stone Diehl, Laban Maiyo, Tatiana Peralta Quiros and Kulwinder Singh Rao

7875: Global migration of talent and tax incentives: evidence from Malaysia's returning expert program

Ximena Vanessa Del Carpio, Caglar Ozden, Mauro Testaverde, Mathis Christoph Wagner, Ximena Vanessa Del Carpio, Caglar Ozden, Mauro Testaverde and Mathis Christoph Wagner

7874: Does the elimination of export requirements in special economic zones affect export performance? evidence from the Dominican Republic

Fabrice Defever, José-Daniel Reyes, Alejandro Riano and Miguel Eduardo Sanchez Martin

7873: Social capital, finance, and consumption: evidence from a representative sample of Chinese households

Robert J. Cull, Li Gan, Nan Gao, L. Colin Xu, Robert J. Cull, Li Gan, Nan Gao and L. Colin Xu

7872: Does debt relief improve child health ? evidence from cross-country micro data

Anna Carin Charlotte Welander

7871: The cultural trade index: an introduction

Patrick Kabanda

7870: The credibility of economic policy making in Argentina, 1989-2015

David Rosenblatt

7869: Sharing oil rents and political violence

Tito Cordella and Harun Onder

7868: ICT use, innovation, and productivity: evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

Xavier Cirera, Filipe Lage and Leonard Sabetti

7867: Assessing the degree of international consumption risk sharing

Constantino Hevia, Luis Serven, Constantino Hevia and Luis Serven

7866: How do cities in Ethiopia create jobs ?

Megha Mukim

7865: Preferential liberalization, antidumping, and safeguards: stumbling block evidence from MERCOSUR

Chad P. Bown, Patricia Tovar, Chad P. Bown and Patricia Tovar

7864: Conflict and Poverty in Afghanistan's Transition

Vincent Floreani, Gladys C. Lopez-Acevedo and Martin Rama

7863: Does governing law affect bond spreads ?

Dilip K. Ratha, Supriyo De, Sergio Andres Kurlat, Dilip K. Ratha, Supriyo De and Sergio Andres Kurlat

7862: The world is not yet flat: transport costs matter !

Kristian Behrens, W. Mark Brown and Theophile Bougna

7861: Firm financing in Chile after the 2014-15 tax reform: debt or equity ? debt or equity?

Fernando Leonardo Hernandez

7860: The risk of polygamy and wives'saving behavior

Marie Boltz and Isabelle Chort

7859: A first step up the energy ladder ? low cost solar kits and household's welfare in Rural Rwanda

Michael Grimm, Anicet Munyehirwe, Jorg Peters and Maximiliane Sievert

7858: Informality in the process of development and growth

Norman Loayza

7857: Capital adjustment and the optimal fuel choice

Marie Caitriona Hyland and Jevgenijs Steinbuks

7856: The impact of the Arab Spring on the Tunisian economy

Samer Naji Matta, Simon Appleton and Michael Bleaney

7855: Climate change and water variability: do water treaties contribute to river basin resilience ?

Shlomi Dinar, David Katz, Lucia De Stefano and Brian Blankespoor

7854: The effect of the Swedish payroll tax cut for youths on firm profitability

Arvid Malm, Johan Eklund, David Francis and Nan Jiang

7853: Unequal opportunity, unequal growth

Gustavo Marrero, Juan Rodríguez and Roy van der Weide

7852: Global talent flows

Sari Pekkala Kerr, William Robert Kerr, Caglar Ozden, Christopher Robert Parsons, Sari Pekkala Kerr, William Robert Kerr, Caglar Ozden and Christopher Robert Parsons

7851: Strategic investment funds: opportunities and challenges

Havard Halland, Michel Noel, Silvana Tordo and Jacob Jameel Kloper-Owens

7850: Casting the tax net wider: experimental evidence from Costa Rica

Anne Brockmeyer, Marco Hernandez, Stewart Kettle and Spencer Douglas Smith

7849: Retooling poverty targeting using out-of-sample validation and machine learning

Linden McBride and Austin Nichols

7848: The long-term impact of international migration on economic decision-making: evidence from a migration lottery and lab-in-the-field experiments

John Gibson, David McKenzie, Halahingano Rohorua and Steven Stillman

7847: Economic integration across Latin America: evidence from labor markets, 1990-2013

Daniel Lederman and Raymond Robertson

7846: The more stringent, the better ? rationing car use in Bogota with moderate and drastic restrictions

Jorge Bonilla Londoño

7845: New estimates of extreme poverty for children

David Newhouse, Pablo Suarez Becerra and Martin C Evans

7844: Who are the poor in the developing world ?

R. Castañeda, Dung Thi Thuy Doan, David Newhouse, Minh Nguyen, Hiroki Uematsu and João Pedro Azevedo

7843: Intergenerational education mobility in Africa: has progress been inclusive ?

Theophile T. Azomahou and Eleni Yitbarek

7842: Dynamic relationship between corruption and youth unemployment: empirical evidences from a system GMM approach

Bechir Naier Bouzid

7841: Is predicted data a viable alternative to real data ?

Tomoki Fujii and Roy van der Weide

7840: Citizen engagement in rulemaking -- evidence on regulatory practices in 185 countries

Melissa Marie Johns and Valentina Saltane

7839: Poor households'productive investments of cash transfers: quasi-experimental evidence from Niger

Quentin Stoeffler, Bradford Mills and Patrick Premand

7838: When the cat's away: the effects of spousal migration on investments on children

Lucia Rizzica

7837: Managing (fiscally) resource price volatility: exploring policy options for the Democratic Republic of Congo

Emmanuel Pinto Moreira

7836: Constructing robust poverty trends in the Islamic Republic of Iran: 2008-14

Aziz Atamanov, Mohammad-Hadi Mostafavi, Djavad Salehi Isfahani and Tara Vishwanath

7835: Deepening without broadening ? jobs in Ghana's private sector

David C. Francis and Maddalena Honorati

7834: Training teachers on the job: what works and how to measure it

Anna Popova, David Evans and Violeta Arancibia

7833: Gender gaps in cognitive and non-cognitive skills in early primary grades: evidence from rural Indonesia

Nozomi Nakajima, Haeil Jung, Menno Prasad Pradhan, Amer Hasan, Angela Kinnell and Sally Ann Brinkman

7832: Investing in school readiness: an analysis of the cost-effectiveness of early childhood education pathways in rural Indonesia

Nozomi Nakajima, Amer Hasan, Haeil Jung, Sally Ann Brinkman, Menno Prasad Pradhan and Angela Kinnell

7831: Nonrenewable resources, income inequality and per capita GDP: an empirical analysis

Antonio Scognamillo, Gianluca Mele and Luca Sensini

7830: Trends and drivers of poverty reduction in Nepal: a historical perspective

Hiroki Uematsu, Akhmad Rizal Shidiq and Sailesh Tiwari

7829: Can the culture of honor lead to inefficient conventions ? experimental evidence from India

Benjamin Brooks, Karla Hoff and Priyanka Pandey

7828: Faraway or nearby ? domestic and international spillovers in patenting and product innovation

Claudio Bravo-Ortega, Ana Paula Cusolito and Daniel Lederman

7827: Russian Federation: how services contribute to competitiveness

Juan Sebastian Saez and Erik van der Marel

7826: Minimizing ecological damage from road improvement in tropical forests

Susmita Dasgupta and David R. Wheeler

7825: Does improved local supply of schooling enhance intergenerational mobility in education ? evidence from Jordan

Ragui Assaad and Mohamed Saleh

7824: Mobility and pathways to the middle class in Nepal

Sailesh Tiwari, Akhmad Rizal Shidiq and Carlos Balcazar

7823: From commodity discovery to production

Tehmina Khan, Trang Thi Thuy Nguyen, Franziska Ohnsorge and Richard Schodde

7822: Shoeing the Children: the impact of the TOMS Shoe donation program in rural El Salvador

Bruce Wydick, Elizabeth G. Katz, Flor Calvo, Felipe Gutierrez and Brendan Janet

7821: Export competitiveness and FDI performance across the regions of the Russian Federation

Karlygash Serikovna Dairabayeva, Michael Joseph Ferrantino, Alberto Portugal-Perez and Gabriela Schmidt

7820: Are labor supply decisions consistent with neoclassical preferences ? evidence from Indian boat owners

Xavier Gine, Monica Martinez-Bravo and Marian Vidal-Fernandez

7819: The globe and the circle: geometry and economic geography as tribute to Thales and Nash

Kaushik Basu

7818: Preferential resource spending under an employment guarantee: the political economy of MGNREGS in Andhra Pradesh

Megan Britney Sheahan, Yanyan Liu, Christopher Barrett and Sudha Narayanan

7817: Combining preschool teacher training with parenting education: a cluster-randomized controlled trial

Berk Özler, Lia C. H. Fernald, Patricia Karol Kariger, Christin Mcconnell, Michelle J. Neuman and Eduardo Pinheiro Fraga

7816: The state of economics, the state of the world

Kaushik Basu

7815: Corporate borrowing and debt maturity: the effects of market access and crises

Juan Jose Cortina Lorente, Tatiana Didier Brandao, Sergio L. Schmukler, Juan Jose Cortina Lorente, Tatiana Didier Brandao and Sergio L. Schmukler

7814: Will market competition trump gender discrimination in India ?

Ejaz Ghani, Arti Grover, Sari Pekkala Kerr and William Kerr

7813: On the ground or in the air ? a methodological experiment on crop residue cover measurement in Ethiopia

Frederic Kosmowski, James Stevenson, Jeff Campbell, Alemayehu Ambel and Asmelash Haile Tsegay

7812: Varietal identification in household surveys: results from an experiment using DNA fingerprinting of sweet potato leaves in southern Ethiopia

Frederic Kosmowski, Abiyot Aragaw, Andrzej Kilian, Alemayehu A. Ambel, John Ilukor, Biratu Yigezu, James Stevenson, Frederic Kosmowski, Abiyot Aragaw, Andrzej Kilian, Alemayehu A. Ambel, John Ilukor, Biratu Yigezu and James Stevenson

7811: Sustainability of a residential CFL distribution program: evidence from Ethiopia

Issa Diaw, Raihan Elahi and Atsushi Iimi

7810: How many years have refugees been in exile ?

Xavier Devictor and Quy-Toan Do

7809: Are all trade agreements equal ? the role of distance in shaping the effect of economic integration agreements on trade flows

Rebecca Freeman and Samuel Pienknagura

7808: Are minimum wages and payroll taxes a constraint to the creation of formal jobs in Morocco ?

Diego Angel-Urdinola, Abdoul Gadiry Barry and Jamal Guennouni

7807: Savings defaults and payment delays for cash transfers: field experimental evidence from Malawi

Lasse Florian Brune, Xavier Gine, Jessica Goldberg and Dean Yang

7806: Uncertainty as a factor in investment decisions: the case of the Russian Federation's regions

Irina Levina, Gregory Kisunko, Israel I. Marques and Andrei Yakovlev

7805: On the impact of demographic change on growth, savings, and poverty

Syud Ahmed and Marcio Cruz

7804: The capabilities driving participation in global value chains

Vilas G. Pathikonda and Thomas Farole

7803: Unequal before the law: measuring legal gender disparities across the world

Sarah Iqbal, Asif Islam, Rita Ramalho and Alena Sakhonchik

7802: Prevalence, economic contribution, and determinants of trees on farms across Sub-Saharan Africa

Daniel Charles Miller, Juan Carlos Munoz Mora, Luc Christiaensen, Daniel Charles Miller, Juan Carlos Munoz Mora and Luc Christiaensen

7801: Impact of social assistance on labor market mobility: the case of Turkey

Deniz Alcan, Raif Mokretar-Karroubi, Temel Taskin and William David Wiseman

7800: Predicting project outcomes: a simple methodology for predictions based on project ratings

Marc Blanc, Talib B. K. Esmail, Caroline Mascarell and Joseph Rukshan Rodriguez

7799: Can environmental policy reduce infant mortality ? evidence from the Ganga pollution cases

Quy-Toan Do, Shareen Joshi, Samuel Stolper, Quy-Toan Do, Shareen Joshi and Samuel Stolper

7798: Making the most of demographic change in Southern Africa

Syud Ahmed and Marcio Cruz

7797: Combining mentoring programs with cash transfers for adolescent girls in Liberia:baseline report

Kelly K. Hallman, Elizabeth Kelvin, Berk Özler, Juliette Seban, Erica Kuhlik, Cooper Alton, Joseph Kamara and Sarah Goodman

7796: Short- and long-term effects of a child-labor ban

Caio Piza and André Souza

7795: Understanding the dynamics of labor income inequality in Latin America

Carlos Rodriguez Castelan, Luis Lopez-Calva, Nora Lustig and Daniel Valderrama-Gonzalez

7794: Synergies in child nutrition: interactions of food security, health and environment, and child care

Emmanuel Skoufias

7793: Estimating poverty rates in target populations: an assessment of the simple poverty scorecard and alternative approaches

Alexis Diamond, Michael Gill, Miguel Angel Rebolledo Dellepiane, Emmanuel Skoufias, Katja Vinha and Yiqing Xu

7792: Hidden human capital: psychological empowerment and adolescent girls'aspirations in India

Sanchari Roy, Matthew H. Morton and Shrayana Bhattacharya

7791: Negative interest rate policies: sources and implications

Carlos Arteta, Ayhan Kose, Marc Stocker and Temel Taskin

7790: Global health workforce labor market projections for 2030

Jenny X Liua, Yevgeniy Goryakin, Akiko Maeda, Tim Allen Bruckner and Richard M. Scheffler

7789: Who uses electricity in Sub-Saharan Africa ? findings from household surveys

Masami Kojima, Xin-000438564 Zhou, Jeesun Han, Joerie Frederik De Wit, Robert W. Bacon, Christopher Philip Trimble, Masami Kojima, Xin-000438564 Zhou, Jeesun Han, Joerie Frederik De Wit, Robert W. Bacon and Christopher Philip Trimble

7788: Financial viability of electricity sectors in Sub-Saharan Africa: quasi-fiscal deficits and hidden costs

Christopher Philip Trimble, Masami Kojima, Ines Perez Arroyo and Farah Mohammadzadeh

7787: The distributional impact of taxes and transfers in Poland

Karolina Marta Goraus Tanska and Gabriela Inchauste

7786: The microfinance business model: enduring subsidy and modest profit

Robert Cull, Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Jonathan Morduch

7785: Disaggregating the impact of the internet on international trade

Alberto Osnago and Shawn Tan

7784: Building long-term portfolio benchmarks for pension funds in emerging economies

Heinz P. Rudolph and Jorge Sabat

7783: Can labor market imperfections explain changes in the inverse farm size?productivity relationship ? longitudinal evidence from rural India

Klaus Deininger, Songqing Jin, Yanyan Liu and Sudhir Singh

7782: Inequality of opportunity in Sub-Saharan Africa

Paolo Brunori, Flaviana Palmisano and Vito Peragine