Policy Research Working Paper Series

From The World Bank
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9242: Determinants of Social Distancing and Economic Activity during COVID-19: A Global View

William Maloney and Temel Taskin

9241: Jobs' Amenability to Working from Home: Evidence from Skills Surveys for 53 Countries

Maho Hatayama, Mariana Viollaz and Hernan Winkler

9240: When Face-to-Face Interactions Become an Occupational Hazard: Jobs in the Time of COVID-19

Besart Avdiu and Gaurav Nayyar

9239: Survival of Firms during Economic Crisis

Erica Bosio, Simeon Djankov, Filip Jolevski and Rita Ramalho

9238: Once NEET, Always NEET ? A Synthetic Panel Approach to Analyze the Moroccan Labor Market

Federica Alfani, Fabio Clementi, Michele Fabiani, Vasco Molini and Enzo Valentini

9237: Migration and Asset Accumulation in South India: Comparing Gains to Internal and International Migration from Kerala

Ganesh Kumar Seshan

9236: Financing Firms in Hibernation during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Tatiana Didier, Federico Huneeus, Mauricio Larrain and Sergio Schmukler

9235: Welfare and Fiscal Implications from Increased Gasoline Prices in the Islamic Republic of Iran

Aziz Atamanov, Mohammadhadi Mostafavi Dehzooei and Matthew Grant Wai-Poi

9234: Trade Facilitation in Services: Concepts and Empirical Importance

Erik van der Marel and Ben Shepherd

9233: Trade Facilitation in Services: A Conceptual and Empirical Analysis

Ian John Douglas Gillson, Martin Molinuevo and Juan Sebastian Saez

9232: Cabinet Size and Governance in Sub-Saharan Africa

Joachim Hans-Georg Wehner and Linnea Cecilia Mills

9231: Welfare Dynamics in India over a Quarter Century: Poverty, Vulnerability, and Mobility during 1987-2012

Hai-Anh Dang and Peter Lanjouw

9230: The Welfare Effects of Mobile Broadband Internet: Evidence from Nigeria

Kalvin Bahia, Pau Castells, Genaro Cruz, Takaaki Masaki, Xavier Pedros, Tobias Pfutze, Carlos Rodriguez Castelan and Hernan Winkler

9229: Investment Facilitation and Mode 3 Trade in Services: Are Current Discussions Addressing the Key Issues ?

Roberto Echandi and Pierre Sauve

9228: Facilitating Trade in Services

Bernard Hoekman

9227: Liberalizing versus Facilitating Mode 4 Trade in Services

Anirudh Shingal

9226: Demand-Driven Youth Training Programs: Experimental Evidence from Mongolia

Soyolmaa Batbekh, Altantsetseg Batchuluun, Bayarmaa Dalkhjav and Jose Galdo

9225: How Does the World Bank Influence the Development Policy Priorities of Low-Income and Lower-Middle Income Countries ?

Stephen Knack, Bradley Christopher Parks, Ani Harutyunyan and Matthew DiLorenzo

9224: Firms' Discriminatory Behavior, and Women's Employment in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Marie Caitriona Hyland, Asif Islam and Silvia Muzi

9223: Building Resilient Health Systems: Experimental Evidence from Sierra Leone and the 2014 Ebola Outbreak

Darin Eugene Christensen, Oeindrila Dube, Johannes Haushofer, Bilal Murtaza Siddiqi and Maarten Jan Voors

9222: Estimating Poverty among Refugee Populations: A Cross-Survey Imputation Exercise for Chad

Theresa Beltram, Hai-Anh Dang, Ibrahima-000535387 Sarr and Paolo Verme

9221: Incidence of COVID-19 and Connections with Air Pollution Exposure: Evidence from the Netherlands

Bo Andree

9220: Strengthening Public Health Systems: Policy Ideas from a Governance Perspective

Stuti Khemani, Sarang Chaudhary and Thiago Scot

9219: Explaining Differences in the Returns to R&D in Argentina: The Role of Contextual Factors and Complementarities

Valeria Luciana Arza, Xavier Cirera, Agustina Colonna and Emanuel Lopez

9218: Exporters Dynamics and the Role of Imports in Argentina

Matias Arnoletto, Sebastian Franco Bedoya and Jose Daniel Reyes

9217: "She Helps Me All the Time": Underestimating Women's Economic Engagement in Rural Honduras

Miriam Muller and Liliana Do Couto Sousa

9216: Who Benefits from Better Roads and Why ? Mixed Methods Analysis of the Gender-Disaggregated Impacts of a Rural Roads Project in Vietnam

Aneesh Mannava, Elizaveta Perova and Phuong Thi Minh Tran

9215: Leader Value Added: Assessing the Growth Contribution of Individual National Leaders

William R. Easterly and Steven Michael Pennings

9214: The Learning Challenge in the 21st Century

Harry Patrinos

9213: Spatial Gaps in Management Quality: Evidence from a Lagging Region in Croatia

Arti Goswami Grover, Leonardo Iacovone and Pavel Chakraborty

9212: Price Controls: Good Intentions, Bad Outcomes

Justin-Damien Guenette

9211: The Potential Impact of COVID-19 on GDP and Trade: A Preliminary Assessment

Maryla Maliszewska, Aaditya Mattoo and Dominique van der Mensbrugghe

9210: The Effects of Local Market Concentration and International Competition on Firm Productivity: Evidence from Mexico

Carlos Rodriguez Castelan, Luis Lopez-Calva and Oscar Eduardo Barriga Cabanillas

9209: Distributional Effects of Intergovernmental Transfers in Mexico

Carlos Rodriguez Castelan, Kiyomi E. Cadena and Laura Liliana Moreno Herrera

9208: Moving Up the Ladder: An Analysis of IDA Graduation Policy

Anton Dobronogov, Stephen Knack and James Michael Wilson

9207: Sophisticated Policy with Naive Agents: Habit Formation and Piped Water in Vietnam

Quy-Toan Do and Hanan Jacoby

9206: The Globalization of Refugee Flows

Xavier Devictor, Quy-Toan Do and Andrei Levchenko

9205: What Do 50 Years of Census Records and Household Survey Data Tell Us about Human Opportunities and Welfare in Latin America ?

Oscar Calvo-Gonzalez, German Caruso, Raul Andres Castaneda Aguilar and Eduardo Malásquez

9204: Financial Inclusion and Inclusive Growth: What Does It Mean for Sri Lanka?

Tisarani Rathnija Arandara and Shanuki Gunasekera

9203: Multidimensional Poverty Assessment of Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq

Claudia Noumedem Temgoua, Dhiraj Sharma and Matthew Grant Wai-Poi

9202: Owe a Bank Millions, the Bank Has a Problem: Credit Concentration in Bad Times

Sumit Agarwal, Ricardo Correa, Bernardo Morais, Jessica Roldan and Claudia Ruiz Ortega

9201: Are Inflows of FDI Good for Russian Exporters ?

Stavros Poupakis

9200: Increasing Financial Inclusion in the Muslim World: Evidence from an Islamic Finance Marketing Experiment

Dean Karlan, Adam Osman and Nour Musallam Shammout

9199: Digital Trade in MENA: Regulatory Readiness Assessment

Lillyana Sophia Daza Jaller and Martin Molinuevo

9198: Using Mobile Phone Data to Reduce Spread of Disease

Sveta Milusheva

9197: Determinants of Global Value Chain Participation: Cross-Country Evidence

Ana Fernandes, Hiau Looi Kee and Deborah Winkler

9196: Internet Job Search, Employment, and Wage Growth: Evidence from the Arab Republic of Egypt

Nelly El-Mallakh

9195: The Relationship between Female Labor Force Participation and Violent Conflicts in South Asia

Raymond Robertson, Gladys C. Lopez-Acevedo and Matias Morales

9194: Demand for Information on Environmental Health Risk, Mode of Delivery, and Behavioral Change: Evidence from Sonargaon, Bangladesh

Alessandro Tarozzi, Ricardo Maertens, Kazi Matin Uddin Ahmed and Alexander van Geen

9193: The Future of Work in Agriculture: Some Reflections

Luc Christiaensen, Zachariah Judson Rutledge and J. Edward Taylor

9192: Customary Land Conversion and the Formation of the African City

Pierre Picard and Harris Selod

9191: Determinants of International Buyout Investments

Serdar Aldatmaz, Greg W. Brown and Asli Demirguc-Kunt

9190: Estimating Resiliency Benefits of Road Upgradation: Case of the East Road in Malaita, Solomon Islands

Darwin Marcelo Gordillo and Aditi Raina

9189: What are the Empirical Determinants of International Tourist Arrivals and Expenditures?: An Empirical Application to the Case of Sao Tome and Principe

Gabriel Victorio Montes Rojas and Rafael Chelles Barroso

9188: Conflict and the Composition of Economic Activity in Afghanistan

Virgilio Galdo, Gladys C. Lopez-Acevedo and Martin Rama

9187: Peer Effects on Violence: Experimental Evidence from El Salvador

Lelys Dinarte Diaz

9186: Fear is What Weighs Most: Experiences of Women in Situations of Violence in Accessing Support Services in Brazil

Ana Luiza Machado, Miriam Muller and Sara Hause Van Wie

9185: Traffic, Air Pollution, and Distributional Impacts in Dar es Salaam: A Spatial Analysis with New Satellite Data

Susmita Dasgupta, Somik V. Lall and David Wheeler

9184: Urban Agglomerations and Employment Transitions in Ethiopia

Akito Kamei and Shohei Nakamura

9183: Does the Internet Reduce Gender Gaps?: The Case of Jordan

Mariana Viollaz and Hernan Winkler

9182: Electricity Access and Structural Transformation: Evidence from Brazil's Electrification

Fidel Perez Sebastian, Jevgenijs Steinbuks, Jose Gustavo Feres and Ian Trotter

9181: Prospects, Risks, and Vulnerabilities in Emerging and Developing Economies: Lessons from the Past Decade

Franz Ruch

9180: Policy Challenges for Emerging and Developing Economies: Lessons from the Past Decade

Franz Ruch

9179: New Set of Indicators to Measure Population Remoteness and Dispersion: Estimates for 100 Countries, with Detailed Analysis of Pacific Island Countries

Imogen Cara Halstead, Robert Johann Utz and Boer Xia

9178: Can This Time Be Different ? Policy Options in Times of Rising Debt

Ayhan Kose, Peter Nagle, Franziska Ohnsorge and Naotaka Sugawara

9177: Subdued Potential Growth: Sources and Remedies

Sinem Kilic Celik, Ayhan Kose and Franziska Ohnsorge

9176: Short and Long-Run Labor Market Effects of Developing Country Exports: Evidence from Bangladesh

Raymond Robertson, Deeksha Kokas, Diego Cardozo and Gladys C. Lopez-Acevedo

9175: Structural Reforms to Set the Growth Ambition

Natasha Rovo

9174: Falling Short: A Global Survey of Electricity Tariff Design

Vivien Foster and Samantha Helen Witte

9173: When Elephants Make Peace: The Impact of the China-U.S. Trade Agreement on Developing Countries

Caroline Freund, Maryla Maliszewska, Aaditya Mattoo and Michele Ruta

9172: Global Recessions

Ayhan Kose, Naotaka Sugawara and Marco Terrones

9171: The Distributive Impact of Taxes and Expenditures in Colombia

Nunez Jairo, Sergio Olivieri, Julieth Parra and Julieth Pico

9170: Incidence of the Digital Economy and Frictional Unemployment: International Evidence

Daniel Lederman and Marwane Zouaidi

9169: Learning from Power Sector Reform Experiences: The Case of Vietnam

Alan David Lee and Franz Gerner

9168: Effect of Armed Conflict on Intimate Partner Violence: Evidence from the Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria

Uche Eseosa Ekhator-Mobayode, Lucia C. Hanmer, Eliana Carolina Rubiano Matulevich and Diana Jimena Arango

9167: Paying More for Less: Why Don't Households in Tanzania Take Advantage of Bulk Discounts ?

Brian Dillon, Joachim De Weerdt and Ted O'Donoghue

9166: Benefits and Costs of Debt: The Dose Makes the Poison

Ayhan Kose, Franziska Ohnsorge and Naotaka Sugawara

9165: Returns to Low-Skilled International Migration: Evidence from the Bangladesh-Malaysia Migration Lottery Program

Ahmed Mobarak, Iffath Anwar Sharif and Maheshwor Shrestha

9164: Understanding the Cost of Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

Dana Lauren Vorisek and Shu Yu

9163: Mobilization Effects of Multilateral Development Banks

Chiara Broccolini, Giulia Lotti, Alessandro Maffioli, Andrea Presbitero and Rodolfo Mario Stucchi

9162: Learning from Power Sector Reform: The Case of the Arab Republic of Egypt

Anshul Rana and Ashish Khanna

9161: Business Environment and Dual-Track Private Sector Development: China's Experience in Two Crucial Decades

Cheryl Xiaoning Long, Lixin Xu and Jin Yang

9159: Modeling Uncertainty in Large Natural Resource Allocation Problems

Yongyang Cai, Jevgenijs Steinbuks, Kenneth Judd, Jonas Jaegermeyr and Thomas W. Hertel

9158: The Upstream Tariff Simulator (UTAS): A Tool to Assess the Impact of Tariff Reform on Input Costs and Effective Protection across Sectors

Andreas Eberhard, Gonzalo Varela, Lucia Casal and Federico Ganz

9157: Analyzing Female Employment Trends in South Asia

Fatima Najeeb, Matias Morales and Gladys C. Lopez-Acevedo

9156: icio: Economic Analysis with Inter-Country Input-Output Tables in Stata

Federico Belotti, Alessandro Borin and Michele Mancini

9155: Iraq's Universal Public Distribution System: Utilization and Impacts During Displacement

Lokendra Phadera, Dhiraj Sharma and Matthew Grant Wai-Poi

9154: A Field Experiment on the Role of Socioemotional Skills and Gender for Hiring in Turkey

Selin Efsan Nas Ozen, Stefan Hut, Victoria Levin and Ana Maria Munoz Boudet

9153: Understanding Decisions Made on Asylum Applications in Host Countries

Ismael Issifou

9152: Are You Being Asked ? Impacts of Respondent Selection on Measuring Employment

Talip Kilic, Goedele Van den Broeck, Gayatri B. Koolwal and Heather Moylan

9151: Getting the (Gender-Disaggregated) Lay of the Land: Impact of Survey Respondent Selection on Measuring Land Ownership and Rights

Talip Kilic, Heather Moylan and Gayatri B. Koolwal

9150: Elite Capture of Foreign Aid: Evidence from Offshore Bank Accounts

Jørgen Andersen, Niels Johannesen and Bob Rijkers

9149: Does Greater Regulatory Burden Lead to More Corruption ? Evidence Using Firm-Level Survey Data for Developing Countries

Mohammad Amin and Yew Chong Soh

9148: Emerging and Developing Economies: Ten Years After the Global Recession

Ayhan Kose and Franziska Ohnsorge

9147: Digital Platforms and the Demand for International Tourism Services

Jose Ernesto Lopez Cordova

9146: The Role of Historical Christian Missions in the Location of World Bank Aid in Africa

Matteo Alpino and Eivind Hammersmark

9145: The Dynamics of High-Growth Firms: Evidence from Tunisia

Marcio Cruz, Leila Baghdadi and Hassen Arouri

9144: Salt of the Earth: Quantifying the Impact of Water Salinity on Global Agricultural Productivity

Jason Daniel Russ, Esha Zaveri, Richard Damania, Sébastien Desbureaux, Jorge Jose Escurra and Aude-Sophie Rodella

9143: The Nitrogen Legacy: The Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capital

Esha Zaveri, Jason Daniel Russ, Sébastien Desbureaux, Richard Damania, Aude-Sophie Rodella and Giovanna Ribeiro Paiva De Souza

9142: Global Corporate Debt during Crises: Implications of Switching Borrowing across Markets

Juan Jose Cortina Lorente, Tatiana Didier Brandao and Sergio Schmukler